混沌-步长加速法在营养液系统中的应用

将步长加速法与混沌优化方法结合,解决了混沌优化方法收敛速度慢和步长加速法只适合于局部寻优的缺陷.为此,介绍了无糖组培营养液循环控制系统的设计和构成,并采用混沌-步长加速法针对无糖组培营养液控制系统的PID控制器参数寻优,以实现营养液的自动调配.仿真结果表明:该优化方法搜索效率高,所得参数较好地满足了系统控制要求.     

免耕精量直插点播偏置滑块机构的参数优化

以免耕直插式精量点播器的偏置滑块机构为研究对象,为实现该点播器接近零速投种对其结构参数进行优化分析。对偏置滑块的偏置距离e在[0,25]内抽出11组进行仿真分析。优化分析的结果表明:滑块偏置的距离e=10mm,点播器的鸭嘴入出土位移差s=68mm,鸭嘴在入出土瞬时速度v=42mm/s,曲柄摆角θ=30°。     

泵站优化运行算法

通过对动态规划法、线性规划法、非线性规划法及遗传算法等泵站优化运行算法的综述，对泵站运行优化方法的发展提出新的看法。     

Design and Performance Analysis of Low Pressure Irrigation Distribution Systems

Low-pressure pipe distribution systems forsurface irrigation provide both off- andon-farm recognized environmental benefits.However, expected benefits can only beattained when adequacy, dependability andequity of systems are high enough tosupport appropriate conditions for wateruse on the farm. An innovative methodologyfor design and analysis is proposed anddescribed, which includes the generation ofthe demand at the scale of the distributionsystem and, consequently, the generation ofthe flow regimes expected during a givenperiod of time, generally the peak month.These flow regimes are utilized for theoptimization of pipe sizes using theiterative discontinuous method for severalflow regimes. The performance analysis isdeveloped through the system simulationwith several flow regimes, which allow thecomputation of the system adequacy,dependability and equity. An application toone sector of the Sorraia irrigation systemillustrates the usefulness of themethodology proposed.     

适应排灌行业需要 建设岗位培训制度——由江苏理工大学流体机械工程技术中心连续15年举办培训班引发的思考

由排灌机械行业的现状 ,结合江苏理工大学流体机械工程技术中心 15年来举办培训班的实践 ,提出了培养一大批掌握现代科学技术的工程技术人员和高素质员工是促进排灌事业发展最直接、最有效的措施 ,而制定和完善岗位培训制度是这一措施规范化、制度化、科学化的保证。文章阐述了岗位培训的概念 ,对建立岗位培训制度的原则、框架和体系作了探讨。     

Evaluation of the RZWQM-CERES-Maize hybrid model for maize production

The root zone water quality model (RZWQM) was developed primarily for water quality research with a generic plant growth module primarily serving as a sink for plant nitrogen and water uptake. In this study, we coupled the CERES-Maize Version 3.5 crop growth model with RZWQM to provide RZWQM users with the option for selecting a more comprehensive plant growth model. In the hybrid model, RZWQM supplied CERES with daily soil water and nitrogen contents, soil temperature, and potential evapotranspiration, in addition to daily weather data. CERES-Maize supplied RZWQM with daily water and nitrogen uptake, and other plant growth variables (e.g., root distribution and leaf area index). The RZWQM-CERES hybrid model was evaluated with two well-documented experimental datasets distributed with DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) Version 3.5, which had various nitrogen and irrigation treatments. Simulation results were compared to the original DSSAT-CERES-Maize model. Both models used the same plant cultivar coefficients and the same soil parameters as distributed with DSSAT Version 3.5. The hybrid model provided similar maize prediction in terms of yield, biomass and leaf area index, as the DSSAT-CERES model when the same soil and crop parameters were used. No overall differences were found between the two models based on the paired t test, suggesting successful coupling of the two models. The hybrid model offers RZWQM users access to a rigorous new plant growth model and provides CERES-Maize users with a tool to address soil and water quality issues under different cropping systems.     

基于粒子群优化算法与混合罚函数

粒子群算法(PSO)具有简单易实现，可调参数少的优点。将其用于最优潮流的求解，结合混合罚函数来限制最优潮流的约束条件，使粒子群算法的寻优速度加快，迭代次数减少。通过在IEEE9节点和IEEE30节点上的仿真计算表明，该算法在优迭代速度和收敛精度上都取得了较好的效果。     

基于粒子群算法的圆柱度误差评定方法

根据最小区域条件，建立了圆柱度误差的数学模型以及优化目标函数和适应度函数，阐述了粒子群优化算法的原理和实现方法，然后根据粒子群算法优化求解。实例表明，该方法对于圆柱度误差评定等非线性优化问题能得到全局最优解，粒子群优化算法的计算精度与其他满足最小条件的计算方法相比略有提高，且参数设置少，计算速度快，可用于三坐标测量机等测量系统的圆柱度误差测量后的数据处理。     

基于改进型PSO算法的汽车转阀参数优化

提出了基于模拟退火(SA)修正的改进型粒子群算法(SA-PSO)的转阀参数优化方法。建立了整车动力学模型、转向系统模型、高速"路感"模型和转阀能耗模型,并对模型进行了验证;给出了低速转向轻便性、高速转向"路感"和能耗的量化指标;提出了以轻便性、"路感"和能耗量化指标的平方和根最小值为目标函数,以各参数取值范围为约束条件的最优化问题;构建了基于模拟退火修正的改进型粒子群优化算法(SA-PSO)的自适应度函数,运用改进型粒子群算法获得了转阀参数的全局最优解;SA-PSO与PSO的优化结果对比表明,SA-PSO的全局收敛性强、收敛速度快;通过优化参数与另外两组参数双纽线、高速中间位置小转角转向、转阀能耗仿真验证了优化方法的有效性和优化结果的正确性,最后分别进行了转阀参数优化前、后的双纽线、高速中间位置小转角转向、转阀能耗试验,结果表明,优化后的转阀使转向轻便性、高速转向"路感"和节能性均得到改善。     

确定含水层参数的混沌序列优化算

以泰斯公式为例，将混沌序列优化算法应用于求解分析抽水试验资料，确定含水层参数的函数优化问题．就混沌序列长度、粗搜索次数和待估导水系数初值取值范围等因素对算法收敛性的影响，进行了数值实验．结果表明：1）混沌序列优化算法可以有效地应用于求解含水层参数计算问题；2）粗搜索次数的多少和序列长度的大小对算法收敛性的影响不明显；3）待估导水系数的初始取值范围对算法的收敛速度有一定的影响，但不会影响最终计算结果．与其它方法相比较，混沌序列优化算法具有原理简单、易于编程和运算、计算结果精度不受人为因素影响和应用范围较宽等优点．