不同葡萄品种愈伤组织诱导苗超氧化物歧化酶同工酶比较研究

对3个葡萄品种茎尖愈伤组织诱导苗的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)同工酶分析,证明葡萄为Mn SOD,里扎玛特诱导苗存在1个类型的无性系变异,为体细胞无性系变异在品种改良中的应用提供了依据。     

盐胁迫对星星草幼苗保护酶系统的影响

在盐胁迫下,星星草幼苗过氧化氢酶活性随着胁迫时间的延长而增强,并与盐浓度呈显著正相关。超氧化物歧化酶活性随着胁迫浓度的增强而增强,当超过一定浓度(3.0%Na₂CO₃)时则趋减弱,尔后随着胁迫时间的延长而增强。过氧化物酶活性的变化规律与超氧化物歧化酶活性相似,但变化幅度较小。丙二醛含量随着胁迫时间的延长和胁迫强度的增强而增加。     

种衣剂对玉米幼苗某些酶活性及苗体生长的影响

实验用三种种衣剂包衣玉米种子,研究了玉米幼苗中某些与植物抗逆代谢有关的酶活性变化。三种种衣剂均使超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性升高,苗体干鲜重增加。表明玉米种衣剂可通过调节玉米幼苗中某些酶的活性,增强植株的抗逆性。     

青霉菌发酵液对大豆幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

采用室内生理检测及生物化学方法,研究了青霉菌发酵液对大豆幼苗生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明:用一定浓度的青霉菌发酵液对大豆浸种和茎叶处理,大豆幼苗的生长呈明显上升趋势,处理后大豆的株高、根长、株鲜重和根鲜重均明显得到了提高,且生长状态好于对照,不同浓度处理间具有明显差异,在发酵液浓度为5 g·L-1时,效果最佳。尤其是对根鲜重的影响,促进率最高可达56.21%,同时增强了幼苗根系活力,最大可以提高57.82%,浸种和茎叶处理后,分别提高了叶绿素含量41.25%和15.40%;超氧化物歧化酶活性12.20%和11.70%;过氧化物酶31.33%和29.95%;过氧化氢酶活性42.8%和20.0%,这为发酵液在大豆田推广应用、提高大豆产量提供了重要理论依据。     

饮用天然高钼水诱发的钼中毒耕牛主要生物酶测定

本研究对高钼饮水诱导钼中毒的耕牛及对照牛的血浆及组织（肝脏、肺脏、肾脏、脾脏、心脏、肌肉）中超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、黄嘌呤氧化酶（ＸＯＤ）及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）等３种生物酶活性进行了对比分析测定。结果表明,血浆和组织中ＳＯＤ、ＸＯＤ及ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ均随着钼中毒的加重其活性显著下降。这３种生物酶是钼中毒比较灵敏且相关较大的生化指标,对钼中毒具有一定诊断价值;测定ＳＯＤ。ＸＯＤ、ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ可作为钼中毒监测的重要手段。     

铅胁迫对番茄种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

研究不同铅浓度对番茄种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响.试验结果表明,铅胁迫可明显降低番茄种子发芽率、株高和根长.超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性随铅浓度增加先下降后趋于稳定,其敏感浓度范围是40～60 mg/L.过氧化物酶(POD)活性随铅浓度的增加而增加,达到活性高峰后,则随铅浓度的增加而降低.     

Bioaccumulation of cadmium and its biochemical effect on selected tissues of the catfish (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Clarias gariepinus</Emphasis>)

The present study examines the pattern of accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and its biochemical effects on selected tissues of a variety of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), after exposure to various doses of Cd. The results obtained indicate that at the end of 21 days of exposure, the total tissue organ cadmium concentration followed the pattern kidney > gill > liver > muscle for each of the exposure concentrations. The levels of Cd in these organs were higher than those in ambient water. Moreover, while the rate of uptake of Cd increased with time in the kidney, liver and muscle, it decreased in the gill. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly elevated only in the kidney of catfish treated with 0.2 and 0.4 ppm of Cd for 7 days compared with the control. Conversely, gill SOD was significantly decreased in the same concentrations of Cd-treated catfish relative to the control. Statistically similar levels of SOD were observed in the liver, brain and muscle with all the treatments after the same duration of treatment. In the fish exposed for 21 days, SOD activity was significantly decreased in the kidney with a corresponding increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO), but it manifested only with the 0.2- and 0.4-ppm Cd treatment relative to the control. In the liver, however, Cd exposure significantly increased SOD in the 0.2- and 0.4-ppm treatments of the same duration. In conclusion, the present study indicates that the accumulation of Cd and its effect on SOD and LPO in C. gariepinus is dependent on concentration, tissue and time     

金针菇液体培养菌丝与子实体SOD特性比较研究

液体发酵培养菌丝体具有高效、高产、成本低的特点。因此 ,本文以液体培养金针菇菌丝及金针菇子实体为材料 ,对二者SOD含量及同工酶类型进行了比较 ,并对金针菇菌丝液体培养的特性作了进一步阐述 ,以期为开发利用金针菇菌丝中SOD资源打下一定基础     

SELEX技术筛选重组人超氧化物歧化酶核酸适体研究

运用指数富集配基系统技术（SELEX）筛选人超氧化物歧化酶（rhSOD）特异性核酸适体。体外化学合成长度为78 bp的中间含有35个随机序列的单链DNA文库,通过比较不对称PCR和生物素-链亲和素磁珠分离方法制备ssDNA文库的效果,确定以生物素-链亲和素磁珠分离方法制备ssDNA文库,采用硝酸纤维素膜为介质,以SOD蛋白为靶标,筛选其亲和性核酸适体,酶联仪测定定D450值,计算每轮ssDNA文库与靶分子的结合率。经过11轮筛选后,随机ssDNA文库与SOD的结合率从初始的0.47%上升到37.5%,随着筛选轮数的增加,ssDNA与靶分子结合率趋于稳定。初步筛选出具有高亲和力的SOD酶特异性核酸适体,为进一步开发和研究SOD新药及模拟药物提供参考。     

聚乙二醇(PEG)处理对希蒙德木种子活力的影响

希蒙德木种子经过PEG处理后内部酶的活性发生变化,不同浓度的PEG处理24h后,可以降低种子的膜透性和丙二醛的含量,提高超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性;但随着处理时间的延长,膜的透性增加,丙二醛含量上升,超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性降低。PEG5%处理24h效果最好。