Detect unique molecular structure associated with physiochemical properties in CDC varieties of oat grain with unique nutrient traits [Feed Type vs. Milling Type] in comparison with barley grain using advanced molecular spectroscopy as a non-destructive biological tool

The objective of this study was to determinate grain unique protein inherent molecular structure that are related physiochemical and nutrient profiles in CDC developed oat varieties [CDC Nasser (Feed Type) and CDC Seabiscuit (Milling Type)] grown in cool climate condition in western Canada in comparison with conventional barley variety of CDC Meredith as a control using advanced molecular spectroscopy. Multivariate analyses, including an agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis (CLA) and principal component analysis (PCA), were performed to identify protein molecular structural differences among the grains. The results revealed that CDC Seabiscuit contained greater (P < 0.05) protein structural Amide I and II than CDC Nasser and CDC Meredith, while the greater (P < 0.005) structural Amide I to II area and height ratios was detected in CDC Meredith. New oat grains had greater (P < 0.05) β-sheet height than barley grains, however, there was no difference in α-helix to β-sheet ratio values among the varieties. In conclusion, CDC Nasser and CDC Meredith had no difference in protein molecular structural features, while CDC Seabiscuit contains different protein structural characteristics as compared to CDC Meredith grain. The molecular structure features are highly associated with physiochemical and nutrient profiles in grains, which indicate that it also affect nutrient utilization and availability.     

华南农业大学农事训练课程的理论与实践——以养蚕与缫丝课为例

以养蚕与缫丝课程模块为例,对其课程内容安排、教学特点、考核方法进行分析,并对其所面临的问题展开探讨,旨在为进一步提高相关实践教学效果提供借鉴。     

灵芝硒多糖SeGLP—1抑制小鼠肝腹水癌作用的研究

灵芝硒多糖SeGLP-1由葡萄糖、甘露糖、木糖、半乳糖和鼠李糖组成，与灵芝多糖一样是由α-糖苷键连接的吡喃多糖，硒在多糖内极可能是以O=Se=O的形式结合。给移杆肝腹水癌HCa-f的小鼠每日注射50mg/kg的SeGLP-1,15d后抑癌率可达80%，说明SeGLP-1的抑癌作用与其分子组成和分子结构的变化有关。     

我国部分地区ＮＤＶ的分子流行病学研究

本研究根据新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）Ｆ基因编码区１－３７４位核苷酸序列计算其遗传距离并给出了ＮＤＶ的系统发育进化树，将６８株ＮＤＶ分为９个基因型（３０株为国内分离株），其中Ⅰ－Ⅵ是早已存在的老基因型，Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ为新发现的基因型，特别是Ⅸ为我国特有的基因型（Ｆ４８ＥＯ、Ｍ３、ＨＬＪ－３、ＨeB-1P和ＮＭ－５）。１９９７－１９９９年我国云南、广西、甘肃、陕西、新疆等地分离的ＹＮ－１Ｐ、ＧＸ－３、Ｈ１、Ｈ２、Ｐ１、ＧＸ－１、ＧＸ－２、ＧＳ－３、ＳＨＸ－２、ＳＨＸ－３、ＳＨＸ－６、ＳＨＸ－７、ＸＪ－２和１９９１年分离的ＨuB-1均属于Ⅶ基因型，该基因型的病毒是９０年以来引起新城疫发生的主要病原。根据遗传距离和分离年代可将此基因型进一步划分为５个基因亚型，分别是Ⅶa、Ⅶb、Ⅶc、Ⅶd和Ⅶe。此外ＨuN-1/98、HLJ-4/95和ＨeH-1P属一个老的基因Ⅵ，１９７９－１９８５年分离自青海的ＱＨ－１、ＱＨ－２、ＱＨ－４属于一个新的基因型－Ⅷ型。可见在我国新城疫的流行是极其复杂的，既有老基因型的危害（Ⅰ－Ⅵ），又有新基因型（Ⅶ）的流行，更有我国独特Ⅷ和Ⅸ基因潜伏。     

植物活体水分探测仪的研制及测试初报

利用NIM插件探测器及金硅面垒探头组装了植物活体水分探测仪;筛选并分析了仪器的最佳工作条件;检测了春小麦、玉米、苜蓿、豌豆、红豆草叶片鲜重的变化。结果表明;叶片水分随时间损失大的,其抗旱性差。叶片保水的秩序为:红豆草、豌豆>苜蓿>春小麦>玉米。     

基于伺服控制系统的MJK6227型往复式裁板锯

通过伺服控制系统在MJK6227型往复式裁板锯上的应用,可以看出与传统的电控系统相比,该机具有较高的灵活性和准确性。便于用户实现较高的工作精度和较为快捷的工作要求。试验表明,系统能够满足该机的各种动作要求,且在工作过程中可以反馈锯片的即时动作。目前,该系统已在铣床、砂光机等数控机床控制系统设计中推广应用。     

黄瓜全雌性基因连锁的AFLP和SCAR分子标记

 本研究以全雌品种‘戴多星’自交系和弱雌品种‘北京截头’自交系为双亲杂交获得F₁ ,然后得到F₂ 性型分离群体, 利用分离群体分组分析法(Bulked Segregant Analysis, BSA) 构建全雌和弱雌两个基因池, 筛选了64对AFLP选择性引物EcoR I-NN +Mse I-NNN组合, 发现EcoR I-TG +Mse I-CAC引物组合在全雌基因池中扩增出一条分子量为234 bp的特异带。经F₂ 代单株验证, 该特异条带能在全雌单株中稳定出现。以MAP MAKER (Version 310) 软件分析, 该标记与全雌性位点的连锁距离在617 cM。命名该连锁标记为TG/CAC₂₃₄。将该特异条带回收、克隆、测序, 设计特异SCAR引物, 再对F₂ 代单株基因组DNA进行扩增, 仅在全雌单株中扩增出1条分子量为166 bp 的特异带, 表明已成功地将与黄瓜全雌性连锁的AFLP标记转化为操作简便、表现稳定的SCAR标记, 该标记命名为SA₁₆₆。     

Molecular genetics of behaviour: research strategies and perspectives for animal production

Genetic factors are undoubtedly involved in inter-individual variability of the behaviours that may be important for livestock production, as shown by pedigree studies, comparison of genetic stocks raised in the same environment, and selection experiments. The knowledge of gene polymorphisms responsible for genetic variability would increase the efficiency of selection, as shown for instance by the identification of the ryanodine receptor gene that harbours the mutations responsible for the porcine stress syndrome, that allows the eradication of the susceptibility allele. One strategy is to screen systematically the genes that are known to be involved in regulation of behaviour (functional candidate genes). This strategy is however very difficult for most behavioural traits, since behaviour is an emerging function from the whole brain/body and the molecular pathways involved in genetic variability are very poorly understood. Another strategy is to investigate linkage between trait variation and genetic markers in a segregating population (usually an intercross or backcross between two strains or breeds contrasting for the trait under study). It allows the detection of genomic regions influencing that trait (quantitative trait loci or QTL), and further investigation aims at the identification of the gene(s) located in each of these regions and the molecular polymorphisms involved in phenotypic variation. Although many QTL have been published for behavioural traits in experimental animals, very few examples are available where strong candidate genes have been identified. Further progress will be very much dependent upon the careful definition of behavioural traits to be studied (including their importance for animal production), on the reliability of their measurement in a large number of animals and on the efficient mastering of environmental factors of variability. The fast increase in the knowledge of genome sequence in several species will undoubtedly facilitate the application to farm animal species of the knowledge obtained in model organisms, as well as the use of model organisms to explore candidate genes detected by QTL studies in farm animals.     

柑橘抗CTV转基因与分子标记研究进展

综述了柑橘抗衰退病基因工程中两方面的研究进展。介绍多种来源于柑橘衰退病毒(Citrustriztezavirus,CTV)核酸序列的转基因柑橘和抗性种质资源中抗性基因的分子标记,以及所涉及的方法和遇到的问题。目前研究表明,虽然已成功实现对病毒衣壳蛋白(CP)等基因的转化和Ctv等抗性基因的标记,但尚未获得对CTV有高度抗性的转基因柑橘,而抗性基因亦不能实现定点克隆和转化。因此上述两方面研究还有待深入。     

地高辛标记核酸探针的标记方法及其在食用菌研究领域的应用

综述了非放射性地高辛（DIG）标记系统的原理和主要特点，介绍了地高辛标记核酸探针的主要标记方法，影响探针标记方法选择的因素，标记探针的显色检测方法及其在食用菌研究领域的应用。