兔肉的速冻

本文简单阐述了兔肉的速冻特点及规律 ,并对影响其质量的重要因素进行了分析 ,对兔肉的冷冻生产有指导意义     

聚合物类型降凝剂及其应用

在原油中添加降凝剂，可以降低原油凝点，改善原油低温流动性，以利于实现含蜡原油管常温输送。聚合物类型的降凝剂可分为均聚物和共聚物两类，分别介绍了近几年国内外常用的聚合物类型降凝剂的合成方法、化学结构式和应用情况。     

Diagnosis of dehydratase inhibitors in melanin biosynthesis inhibitor (MBI-D) resistance by primer-introduced restriction enzyme analysis in scytalone dehydratase gene of Magnaporthe grisea

We have established a simple diagnosis method for rice blast fungus resistant to MBI-D. This involves the preparation of PCR templates directly from the lesions in combination with primer-introduced restriction enzyme analysis PCR (PIRA-PCR).     

桑尺蠖越冬幼虫的耐寒性研究

研究了桑尺蠖越冬幼虫的耐寒能力 ,测定了虫体内抗寒物质的组成成分 ,并对其耐寒机理作了初步探讨。结果表明 :越冬幼虫从越冬初期至越冬滞育期 ,4龄幼虫的平均过冷却点从初期的-1 7 2℃下降至滞育期的 -2 4 4℃ ;5龄幼虫的平均过冷却点从 -1 3 4℃下降至 -2 4 8℃。越冬幼虫体内水分、糖元、脂肪含量下降 ,其中以糖元含量下降明显 ;越冬幼虫以“小分子糖—氨基酸—糖蛋白”物质系统形成抗寒基质 ,增强耐寒性。     

富士苹果果皮色泽形成的需光特性研究

富士苹果果皮中的花青苷有两次积累期,其中９月初至１０月初为迅速积累时期。果实着色的适宜光照强度范围为相对全光照的４０％￣８５％。促进果实红色形成的照光最大效率期为果实采收前４５ｄ内。红光（６４０ｎｍ）处理颗粒可提高果皮提高果皮细胞膜透性,并刺激果实内乙烯生成。花青苷生物代谢最终产物的生成需要白色光照射,整个生长期单一红光或紫光处理抑制花青苷的形成。     

蓝孔雀人工繁殖控光实验

从2002年11月开始进行控光实验，共进行了3年。每次实验将蓝孔雀分成控光组和对照组，每组18只次，采用40lax白炽灯进行控光。实验结果为：控光组蓝孔雀每年平均产卵数量为424枚，对照组每年平均产卵数量为289枚，平均增加产卵数为135枚，平均增产率为46．8％，控光组平均每年受精比率为67．1％，对照组平均每年受精比率为67．4％；控光组孔雀卵的年均孵化率为89．3％，对照组孔雀卵的年均孵化率为90．2％。实验结果表明：控光使蓝孔雀的繁殖期明显提前，产卵数量明显上升；控光对蓝孔雀的受精率和孵化率影响差异不显著。     

不同光质膜对草莓果实品质的影响

 研究了相同光强下不同光质对‘丰香’草莓果实品质的影响。结果表明, 绿膜、中性膜、黄膜、蓝膜、红膜下生长的果实依次越来越红、越来越暗。果实色度值以红膜下的最大, 其次为中性膜处理,黄膜比中性膜处理略小但差异不显著, 绿膜处理最小, 这与不同膜透射的红橙光比例一致。不同膜处理的果实抗坏血酸含量高低与不同膜透射的紫外光和蓝紫光成分比例一致, 与红光/蓝光比值相反。红膜下的草莓产量最高、果实最大、着色最好, 蓝膜下的草莓果实含糖量、可溶性固形物含量、抗坏血酸含量和固酸比均最高, 绿膜下产量最低、果实最小、着色差且含糖量最低。     

大黄鱼鱼苗耗氧率和窒息点的研究

为了给大黄鱼的生理学及大黄鱼养殖的放养密度、水质管理、饵料利用以及活鱼运输等提供技术参考依据,对大黄鱼基础代谢水平进行测定。在3种水温(14,20,25℃)条件下测定大黄鱼[Pseudosciaena crocea(Richardson)]鱼苗(体长7.8~9.1 cm,体重6.61~8.85 g)的耗氧状况,据此计算出大黄鱼鱼苗的耗氧率,及瞬时耗氧率与溶氧量及水温的相关关系。结果表明,大黄鱼鱼苗耐低氧能力差,其耗氧率和窒息点溶解氧水平都随水温的升高而增大,14℃时两者为2.833μg/(g.min)和1.42 mg/L;25℃时两者为4.677μg/(g.min)和2.27 mg/L。大黄鱼鱼苗的瞬时耗氧率在其呼吸生理的某个时段出现特殊现象:当水中溶解氧下降至其浮头点和昏迷临界点之间时,瞬时耗氧率会在一个较短的时间范围内呈现跳跃式提升,这种现象在已有的鱼类耗氧率研究中从未出现过。此后的瞬时耗氧率急速下降至最低点,其呼吸类型可归属于逆向型。     

氮素水平与光强互作对‘蓝伞’玉簪生长和光合特性的影响

 以蓝灰类型玉簪‘蓝伞’（Hosta 'Blue Umbrella'）为材料，研究了4种光强（自然光照的100%、50%、30%、10%）和4种氮素水平（盆栽土施尿素量0、0.5、1.5和2.5 g·kg^-1）处理对玉簪生长和光合特性的影响。结果表明：‘蓝伞’玉簪的生长和光合特性受光强、氮素水平以及光氮互作的影响。在同一氮素水平下，随着光照强度的减弱，玉簪的生物量、叶面积、叶片数、光合速率及可溶性蛋白含量均表现先上升后下降的趋势，在30%～50%光强下达到最大值；叶绿素含量则随光强的减弱而增加。在同一光照强度下，随着氮素水平的升高，玉簪的生物量、叶面积、叶片数、光合速率及叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量均呈先上升后下降的趋势，在0.5 g·kg^-1氮素水平下达到最大值。     

Landscape ecology of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phragmites australis</Emphasis> invasion in networks of linear wetlands

The interaction between landscape structure and spatial patterns of plant invasion has been little addressed by ecologists despite the new insights it can provide. Because of their spatial configuration as highly connected networks, linear wetlands such as roadside or agricultural ditches, can serve as corridors facilitating invasion at the landscape scale, but species dynamics in these important habitats are not well known. We conducted a landscape scale analysis of Phragmites australis invasion patterns (1985–2002 and 1987–2002) in two periurban areas of southern Québec (Canada) focusing on the interaction between the network of linear wetlands and the adjacent land-uses. Results show that, at the beginning of the reference period, the two landscapes were relatively non-invaded and populations occurred mostly in roadside habitats which then served as invasion foci into other parts of the landscape. The intrinsic rates of increase of P. australis populations in linear anthropogenic habitats were generally higher than those reported for natural wetlands. Riparian habitats along streams and rivers were little invaded compared to anthropogenic linear wetlands, except when they intersected transportation rights-of-way. Bivariate spatial point pattern analysis of colonization events using both Euclidian and network distances generally showed spatial dependence (association) to source populations. An autologistic regression model that included landscape and edaphic variables selected transportation rights-of-way as the best predictor of P. australis occurrence patterns in one of the landscapes. Given the high invasion rates observed, managers of linear wetlands should carefully monitor expansion patterns especially when roads intersect landscapes of conservation or economic value.