花·马杂交F1公鹿与母本公鹿的屠宰试验

采用“屠宰性状测定方法”对应用人工授精技术手段所获得的西丰梅花鹿(♀)与天山马鹿(♂)杂交F1的头2、锯公鹿与母本西丰梅花鹿做了屠宰试验,结果表明,其主要肉用性状屠宰率、净肉重和净肉率分别为61.94%、59.05%、60.17%和62.34%;46.93 kg、48.16 kg、25.01 kg和35.45 kg;47.89%、45.86%、42.38%和46.04%。并确定此种杂交组合方式为适宜的肉用鹿杂交组合之一,为我国长白山鹿业的肉用鹿生产和市场开发提供了科学依据。     

Flanking SSR markers for alleles involved in the necrosis of hybrids between hexaploid bread wheat and synthetic hexaploid wheat

Hybrid necrosis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the premature death of leaves or plants caused by the interaction of two dominant complementary genes, Ne1 and Ne2, located on chromosomes 5B and 2B, respectively. We examined allelic interaction effects of necrosis alleles using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in F₂ populations derived from crossing the cultivar “Alsen” with a synthetic hexaploid “TA4152-37”. The SSR marker Xbarc7 was linked at a distance of 3 cM to the quantitative trait loci (QTL) located on chromosome 2B, and Xgwm639 was 11 cM from the 5B QTL. A significant additive by additive epistatic interaction was detected between Ne1 and Ne2 QTL, and the results suggest that Alsen possesses a moderate necrosis allele, Ne2^m; whereas, TA4152-37 possesses a moderate necrosis allele, Ne1^m. The Ne2^m allele had a stronger effect than the Ne1^m allele, and a total of 94.6% of phenotypic variance was explained by these genes and their interactions. This demonstrates the strong phenotypic effect due to even moderate necrosis alleles, and emphasizes the need for breeders to accurately predict and identify hybrids that will result in necrosis.     

大白菜新品种早熟6号的选育

早熟６号是由北方早熟大白菜石特品种和国外引入品种中选出的自交不亲和系７０Ｐ ３和１０ ８ ２ ５配制而成的一代杂种。具有早熟、丰产和优质的特性。抗病毒病、霜霉病和软腐病。一般每６６７ｍ２产量４０００～５０００ｋｇ,高的可达６０００ｋｇ以上。     

中晚熟甜椒新品种‘中椒8号’

中椒8号为中晚熟甜椒一代杂种,适于走路地栽培,中抗烟草花叶病毒（TMV）、黄瓜花叶病毒（CMV）和疫病,果实商品性好,商品果率高,产量可达60000kg/hm^2。     

大白菜新品种石绿80的选育

石绿80大白菜的母本为自交不亲和系87-10-1,父本为自交不亲和系88-9-1。该一代杂种具有优质、抗病、高产、适应性强等优良性状,一般667m^2产量为7000～8000kg,比对照冀白菜六号增产20.7%,适于河北、山西、河南等地种植。     

Morphological and molecular analyses of Rosa damascena × R. bourboniana interspecific hybrids

Rosa damascena Mill is the most important scented rose species cultivated for rose oil production. Rosa bourboniana L. (Edward rose), a related species, is popular on account of its longer blooming period and ease of propagation. With an aim to combine the oil quality of R. damascena and recurrent flowering habit of R. bourboniana, two cultivars (Jwala and Himroz) of R. damascena were crossed with R. bourboniana. The F1 hybrids obtained were evaluated using morphological, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and microsatellite (SSR) markers. Twenty-two selected RAPD and three SSR primer pairs were utilized for hybrid identification. According to presence or absence of bands RAPD and SSR markers were classified into seven types of markers. The bands specific for the pollen parent and occurring in the hybrids were good markers to confirm the hybridity. The non-parental bands expressing uniquely in hybrids were effective in distinguishing the hybrids from each other. Cluster analysis, based on Jaccard's similarity coefficient using unweighted pair group method based on arithmetic mean (UPGMA), reliably discriminated the hybrids into two main clusters. These results indicate the practical usefulness of RAPD and SSR markers in hybrid identification in scented roses. The approach is advantageous for its rapidity and simplicity, for identification of hybrids at the juvenile stage. One of the studied morphological traits – prickle density, can also complement in the identification of interspecific hybrids between R. damscena (♀) and R. bourboniana (♂).     

核桃杂交后代光合生理优势研究

利用LI-6400P光合作用测定仪对杂交子代、杂交母本和新疆核桃净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、水分利用效率(WUE)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)及气孔导度(Cond)进行测定,其中杂交母本为云新7914,是云南薄壳核桃×新疆核桃的种间杂种,父本为四川选出的铁核桃优树.杂交子代Pn极显著高于杂交母本和新疆核桃,Ci极显著低于母本和新疆核桃,表明杂交子代具有更强的固定大气CO2能力,比新疆核桃和母本光合效率更高,更具有丰产潜能.杂交子代WUE极显著高于杂交母本和新疆核桃,从日均值来看,杂交子代(1.20)＞实生苗新疆核桃(0.83)＞杂交母本(0.61),消耗等量的水分,杂交子代实生苗比母本和新疆核桃实生苗能固定更多数量的CO2,能更有效地利用土壤水分,具有更强的抗旱性潜能,杂种优势明显.     

甜菜新品种新甜18号的选育

新甜18号是石河子甜菜研究所选育的抗丛根病二倍体雄性不育多粒型杂交种,在2006-2007年新疆维吾尔自治区甜菜品种区域试验中．两年14个点次的块根产量平均为82156．5kg／hm2,比对照KWS2409增产3．99％,含糖率平均15．21％,比对照低0．09度,产糖量平均12745．5kg／hm2,比对照增糖4．3％。在丛根病抗性鉴定中,两年平均块根产量为102182．3kg／hm2．比对照KWS2409增产33．92％,含糖率15．10％,比对照低0．08度,产糖量平均18475．5kg／hm2,较对照增糖35．0％。该品种丰产性能稳定,抗病性强,适应范围广。     

并联式混合动力液压挖掘机参数匹配方

从混合动力液压挖掘机的结构入手,以系统全局效率优化为目标,提出了并联式混合动力液压挖掘机动力源单元和能量储存单元的优化目标函数、约束方程以及整机的参数匹配方法,并结合一台5 t混合动力液压挖掘机系统进行了部件参数匹配的实例研究,通过Matlab/Simulink建模分析得到经参数匹配后的系统,其各部件具有装机功率低、效率高、油耗低的良好特性.     

混合模式下的农业机械载荷谱数据管理系

以拖拉机、联合收获机等典型农业机械载荷谱数据库建设工作为背景,基于B/S与C/S混合模式,利用.NET技术体系设计与实现载荷谱数据库信息管理系统.针对实际情况和工程应用的具体需求制定了系统的总体方案,设计了系统的结构模型,最后完成系统具体模块的开发调试.系统可实现载荷谱数据现代化管理、增加信息沟通渠道、提高结构疲劳寿命研究工作的效率.