中国绿色食品生产面临的环境问题及其对策研究

在提出绿色食品概念的基础上,对绿色食品的产地环境要求进行了概述。同时,着眼于工业“三废”污染、化学肥料农药的过量使用、畜禽养殖业污染和酸雨对农业生态环境的影响现状,分析了绿色食品生产所面临的环境问题,并提出了相应的对策措施。     

花生绿色食品栽培技术研究

根据绿色食品和特点和生产要求，遵循Ａ级和ＡＡ级绿色食品栽培的肥料和农药施用准则，研究花生绿色食品的栽培技术，主要包括选择生产条件、选用优质抗病品种、施肥、防治病虫病虫草害以及调控生长技术等。５县市９个单位和企业推广应用配套技术，发展花生绿色食品种植面积２００００ｈｍ＾２，平均产量５２５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２，其中高产田３０６．５ｈｍ＾２，平均产量７８８３．１８ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２，获得中华人民共和国农业部绿色食品发展中心颁发的绿色食品证书。     

Effects of drip irrigation levels and planting methods on yield and yield components of green pepper (Capsicum annuum, L.) in Bako, Ethiopia

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of drip irrigation and planting methods on yield and yield components (number of fruits per plant, number of primary and secondary branches per plant, and plant height) of green pepper (Capsicum annuum, L.) in Bako, Ethiopia. Three irrigation levels (50, 75 and 100% of ET_c) and two planting methods (normal and paired-row planting) were applied. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design, with irrigation levels as main plots and planting methods as sub-plots, in three replications. It was found that the effects of both treatments on yield, number of fruits per plant and plant height of green pepper were highly significant (p < 0.01) whereas the number of primary and secondary branches per plant was affected significantly (p < 0.05). The maximum and minimum values of the yield and yield components were recorded from treatment plots I₁₀₀P (full irrigation level with paired-row planting method) and I₅₀P (50% of ET_c irrigation level with paired-row planting method), respectively, with the exception of plant height. However, the average plant height (cm) recorded from the I₁₀₀N treatment plot was not significantly different from the I₁₀₀P treatment plot. Moreover, it was found that the effect of treatment interactions on both yield and yield components of green pepper was found to be highly significant (p < 0.01). A 50% reduction in irrigation level caused a reduction in yield of about 48.3 and 74.4% under the normal and paired-row planting methods, respectively, whereas, a 25% reduction in irrigation level caused a reduction in yield of about 22.8 and 47.7% under the same planting methods. Under both deficit irrigation levels (I₅₀ and I₇₅), the normal planting method gave higher total yield and yield components of green pepper than the paired-row planting method. Yield response factor (k_y) values of 0.96 and 1.57 were determined for the normal and paired-row planting methods, respectively, suggesting utmost precautions when using the paired-row planting in areas with limited water supply. The results revealed that full irrigation water supply under paired-row planting method (I₁₀₀P) could be used for the production of green pepper in an area with no water shortage. Moreover, it was found that the average yields recorded from the I₇₅ under the paired-row planting method is fairly greater than the national average.     

农业新技术革命与农业持续发展

农业的发展离不开科技的进步，但石油农业的发展和人口的增长给农业带来了前所未有的严峻挑战，农业要走出这种困境就必须进行一次新的技术革命。现代生物技术及其它高新技术正日益应用于农业生产的各个领域，并取得了重大成果，为农业技术的改造、更新和农业新技术革命提供了可能。为了迎接农业新技术革命的到来，作者认为，必须加强人才的培养、加强物种的保护和种质资源的研究。     

采用潮模砂批量生产湿地履带板

通过工艺改进、工艺验证及小批试生产,逐步实现了潮模砂批量生产湿地履带板,取代了手工水玻璃砂生产湿地履带板,缩短了供货周期。     

让绿色生态福泽新农村建设

通过对铜鼓、永丰等重点山区林业县的调研,对新农村的绿色生产、林改后的"三防"体系、"农村专业技术协会"的建立和作用作了阐述,并对新农村的绿色生态建设进行分析,提出建议。     

绿色产品的概念、基本特征及绿色设计理论体系

讨论了现有绿色产品定义，并从产品整体性角度提出了绿色产品的新定义，同时，根据当代消费者的消费心理和产品市场竞争的特点。论述了真正的绿色产品应具备的８个基本特征；传统设计和绿色设计的不同；对绿色产品认识上的误区；绿色产品设计的理论体系和内容；绿色产品及绿色设计的意义和发展趋势等。     

科学革命的哲学透视

由物理学革命引发的现代科学革命，是二十世纪的重大事件，产生了极其深远影响，其深层次的思想基础则是哲学的变革。木文从本体论、认识论和科学观角度透视科学革命的哲学本质。     

构筑西宁现代生态绿色城市探讨

提出人与自然和谐发展的理念,详述了构建现代生态绿色城市的内容和措施,提出了建立现代园林式、生态型大都市的途径。     

家蚕自动上蔟技术研究

设计研制了适合大棚养的自动上蔟蔟具——“自转蔟架”，筛选了经济实用的登蔟剂，进行了蜕皮激素及不同登蔟剂处理对自动上蔟效果的对比试验，调查了自动上蔟工效和茧质。结果表明，添食蜕皮激素促进熟蚕一致使自动登蔟率高；使用登蔟剂可提高登蔟效率，7种试验处理均好于对照。“自转蔟架”配合使用蜕皮激素与登蔟剂，可实现上蔟全过程的自动化、省力化，明显降低劳动强度、提高工效、提高茧质，具有推广前景。