绿豆VrNAC转录因子鉴定及生物信息学分析

为了探索绿豆中NACs转录因子的特征及功能,研究基于绿豆基因组及转录组数据,鉴定得到59条VrNACs核酸序列,通过生物信息学,对其进行核酸结构组成分析、染色体定位分析、进化分析及聚类分析,结果表明绿豆VrNACs均N端保守,C端变异,均匀地分布于绿豆不同染色体上,参与绿豆的生长发育及逆境胁迫响应。本研究初步揭示绿豆VrNAC基因的特征及功能,为绿豆的分子育种奠定基础。绿豆;VrNAC;转录因子;生物信息学分析     

小豆的经济价值及绿色节本增效栽培技术

本文简述了小豆的经济价值,并从选地整地、播种、田间管理、病虫草害绿色防控、适时收获等方面阐述了小豆绿色节本增效栽培技术,以期为小豆生产提供技术参考。     

高通量测序分析蚕豆种子内生细菌的多样性

为了分析蚕豆种子内生细菌的多样性,采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,从日本大白皮（S18P23.1、 S18P23.2）和启豆2号（S18P24.1、S18P24.2）的种子获得16S RNA V3～V4区有效序列133 855条。将高于97％相似度的序列划分为一个操作分类单元（operational taxonomic unit, OTU）,优化后得到1 598个OTUs。内生细菌种群分析结果表明,拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes,丰度为30%～33%）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria, 23%～25%）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes, 23%～25%）和放线菌门（Actinobacteria, 5%～7%）为两个蚕豆品种共有的优势菌门,但属水平的优势菌群在供试蚕豆种子中均有差异。这些结果表明,蚕豆种子具有丰富的内生细菌资源,含有多种具有益功能性状的细菌类群,值得进一步跟踪研究这些益生菌在蚕豆种植到土壤后的变化规律;启豆2号种子中益生菌的种类和丰度高于日本大白皮,值得进一步分离和研究这些益生菌的益生或促生特性,筛选获得在食品和生物肥料等领域有应用潜力的菌株。     

丽水市鲜食蚕豆品比试验

从江苏沿江地区农科所引进4个品种分别在当地主产区和试验基地进行种植。结果表明：大棚种植能明显提早上市时间;通蚕6号适应性较好,蚕豆在露地及大棚中种植均表现优异,值得在当地大面积推广。03010单株性状表现较好,还需进一步试验。     

Effects of dietary substitution of soya bean meal for fish meal on consumption, growth, and metabolism of juvenile giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii

A 42‐day study was conducted where prawns (0.32 g) were fed diets where 0, 20, 50, 75 and 100 g (100 g)^?1 of fish meal was replaced by soya bean meal (SBM). Feed intake was not significantly affected by inclusion of SBM, while specific growth rate and conversion efficiency decreased with increasing dietary SBM. Standard metabolic rate was significantly affected by dietary soya bean level, and was the highest in the 75 g (100 g)^?1 SBM group. Carcass dry matter, crude fat and energy value declined with increasing SBM inclusion. SBM, without supplementation of amino acids or other additives, was not suitable as a major protein source in freshwater‐prawn diets.     

Utilization of monounsaturated fatty acid (18:1n-9, oleic acid) by freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) juveniles

The utilization of oleic acid as an energy source and the effects of oleic acid levels and/or dietary soy bean lecithin (SBL) on oleic acid utilization, growth and survival, and lipid class and fatty acid compositions of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man), juveniles were determined.
Increase in levels of dietary oleic acid from 10 to 80 g kg⁻¹ significantly ( P ≤ 0.05) reduced growth, survival and feed conversion efficiency of M. rosenbergii juveniles during the 40-day feeding period. Inclusion of 20 g kg⁻¹ SBL had no significant effect ( P ≥ 0.05) on growth and survival, nor was there any interactive effect between dietary SBL and oleic acid levels.
Body fatty acid profile of prawns reflected dietary fatty acid quantity. The fatty acid composition of prawns fed diets containing 80 g kg⁻¹ oleic acid had tremendously high proportions of oleic acid. Polar lipids, mostly phosphatidylcholine (PC), constituted the bulk of the extracted total lipids. Prawns fed with SBL had significantly ( P ≥ 0.05) higher PC content.
Oleic acid was metabolized for energy by M. rosenbergii juveniles at the same rate regardless of dietary level of SBL and/or oleic acid. Expired ¹⁴CO₂ accounted for half of the ingested radioactivity 48 h after feeding with labelled diets. No significant difference in the amount of ¹⁴CO₂ expired by prawns fed the labelled test diets was found. Per cent radioactivity ingested and absorbed into the body was also not significantly different in prawns of the different dietary treatments.     

蚕豆发芽过程中蛋白质和抗氧化能力的变化

为更好地开发利用蚕豆资源,研究蚕豆发芽过程中蛋白质及蛋白抗氧化能力的变化规律,采用凯氏定氮法测定发芽蚕豆的蛋白质含量,采用氨基酸分析仪测定氨基酸组分含量,运用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)技术观察发芽蚕豆蛋白组成的变化,通过测定发芽蚕豆蛋白的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基和2,2'-联氮双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)自由基的清除能力分析其抗氧化能力。结果表明,蚕豆发芽过程中蛋白和氨基酸含量升高,促进部分蚕豆蛋白由大分子量转化分解成小分子量,提高了蚕豆蛋白的抗氧化能力,在蚕豆发芽第9天时蛋白质含量达到34.1 g·100g^-1、氨基酸含量为29.16 g·100g^-1,均达到最大值,蚕豆蛋白的自由基清除能力达到最强。综上,蚕豆的发芽过程可以增加蚕豆的营养物质成分含量,增强蚕豆的抗氧化能力。本研究结果为蚕豆蛋白、蚕豆芽等功能食品的开发利用提供了参考依据。     

9个鲜食蚕豆品种低温保鲜比较试验

以苏蚕2号、海门大青皮、上虞田鸡青、美国蚕豆、陵西一寸、通鲜6号、日本大白皮、慈溪大白蚕以及自主研制新品系（长荚型蚕豆）共9个鲜食蚕豆品种为试材,进行低温保鲜比较试验。结果表明：以豆荚形式贮藏,以上虞田鸡青的保鲜效果最好,慈溪大白蚕、日本大白皮和长荚型蚕豆等3个品种次之,以2℃贮藏28d为宜。以豆粒形式贮藏,日本大白皮和慈溪大白蚕等2个品种保鲜效果最好,以2℃贮藏21d为宜。     

毛霉型豆豉中总DNA提取的比较研究

[目的]对毛霉型豆豉中总DNA的提取方法进行比较。[方法]选用常用的3种DNA提取方法(溶菌酶法、蛋白酶K-CTAB(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)法和改良溶菌酶法)提取发酵豆豉中的总DNA,并测定总DNA的纯度,比较3种方法的优劣。[结果]通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳对提取效果进行观察比较发现,蛋白酶K-CTAB法提取豆豉中微生物的宏基因组DNA的纯度最好,质量最高。[结论]蛋白酶K-CTAB法更适合豆豉这类发酵食品宏基因组DNA粗提取,可以作为豆豉宏基因组学研究的基础。     

微波消解-原子荧光光谱法测定豆粉中总汞的不确定度评定

为了得到准确而完善的检测结果,对微波消解-原子荧光光谱法测定豆粉中总汞结果的不确定度进行了评定,结合各不确定度分量对测定方法中不确定度的主要来源进行了分析。结果表明:样品的前处理方法以及试样的重复性对获得准确测定结果尤为重要,标准曲线的配制也是重要的不确定度来源,同时需要确保仪器的稳定性,而试样定容和样品称样引入的不确定度极低,可以忽略。通过不确定度的评定,明确了测定过程中主要误差的来源,为降低检测过程中的误差提供了依据。