北京玉渊潭公园樱花品种的应用筛选与评价

结合北京气候、土壤条件,以及公园多年引种成功和管护樱花的实践经验,侧重品种适应性、景观应用价值,从花期、形质性状、整体观赏效果、适应性和稀有度等方面进行樱花品种的应用筛选评价,采用层次分析法对北京玉渊潭公园的7个品系30个樱花品种开展评价.评价结果表明,筛选出适应性强、长势好,可在北京地区推广应用的品种包括:山樱、大山樱、阳光、杭州早樱、染井吉野以及江户彼岸等早樱品种10个;松前早咲、八重红大岛和八重红彼岸等中樱品种6个;花笠、普贤象等晚樱品种4个.在北京适宜性稍差,宜背风向阳的小环境下栽植的品种包括八重红枝垂、思川、兰兰、小松乙女等.根据不同品种的花期、适应性、整体观赏效果,提出最佳配置应用方案,为北京地区樱花特色专类园景观设计和品种间的搭配提供参考.     

Inhibition of protease activities in discus Symphysodon spp. by three plant meals

Based on biochemical assays and electrophoretical methods, the inhibitory effects of three plant meals (soybean meal, wheat meal, winged bean meal) on digestive alkaline proteases of discus were investigated. Casein assays revealed that increasing levels of soybean meal caused a linear inhibitory effect on activity of protease. SDS-PAGE images revealed that trypsin and chymotrypsin were the inhibited enzymes. Soybean showed the lowest inhibition rate followed by wheat meal and raw winged bean. There was a quadratic relationship between wheat meal levels and its inhibition of protease acitivity. The highest inhibitory effect was obtained with the winged bean meal with inhibition of caseinolytic activities ranging from 3.6–98.6%. Results from this study showed the potential of both soybean meal and wheat meal as ingredients for practical diet for discus, while demonstrating the need for further improvement in processing method for winged bean meal.     

杨树人工林不同栽培模式碳储量研究

通过对赤峰市敖汉旗平缓固定沙地杨树人工林纯林、杨树与樟子松混交林、杨树与柠条混交林3种营林模式的不同树种的标准木生物量、碳含量进行测定,估算出不同模式单位面积生物量和碳储量。结果表明:相同林龄(20年生)不同营林模式碳储量差异较显著,其中杨树人工纯林碳储量最大为41.04 t/hm2,杨树与柠条混交林碳储量较小为21.6110 t/hm2,杨树与樟子松混交林碳储量最小为20.607 t/hm2。     

赤峰地区杨树人工林碳储量研究

以赤峰市杨树人工林为研究对象,对不同立地、不同林龄、不同林种杨树生物量、碳储量进行研究,结果表明:杨树人工林生物量随着树龄、胸径、树高的增长而增加,各个器官的生物量也不相同,干的生物量最大,叶的生物量最小,生物量依次顺序为:干根枝叶。树干的平均碳含量最大,为471.00 g/kg,根为461.14 g/kg,枝为468.00 g/kg,叶最小,为446.20 g/kg,不同器官的含碳率大小排序为树干树根树枝树叶。杨树人工林胸径与单株碳储量,树高、胸径与生物量、单株碳储量模型均符合乘幂模型,模型拟合率均大于80%。杨树人工林乔木层平均碳储量为37.783 t/hm2,赤峰地区杨树人工林乔木层碳储总量为26 539 627.38 t。     

Changes induced by osmotic stress in the morphology,biochemistry, physiology,anatomy and stomatal parameters of almond species （Prunus L. spp.） grown in vitro

We investigated the influence of different levels of osmotic stress on growth and development in selected wild almond species(eight Prunus spp.) grown in vitro. The study, while endorsing the efficacy of in vitro screening of auxiliary buds of wild almond for osmotic stress tolerance, showed species variability in its response to osmotic stress. Osmotic stress reduced growth and development of all the species. However, the putative tolerant Prunus spp. showed better performance than the putative susceptible genotypes. On average there was an 80% decrease in shoot dry weight at-1.2 MPa. Reduction in shoot weight was more common in osmotic stress-susceptible species in the section labeled ‘Euamygdalus'. The tolerant Prunus species produced smaller changes in biochemical responses than the sensitive cultivars for malondialdehyde content, catalase activity, relative permeability of protoplast membranes, and net photosynthetic rate. The tolerant species maintained cell integrity better than drought sensitive species. Wild almond species in the section labeled ‘Spartioides'(Prunus arabica(Olivier) Neikle, Prunus glauca (Browicz) A.E. Murray, Prunus scoparia Spach) and ‘Lycioides'(Prunus lycioides Spach, Prunus reuteri Bossi. et Bushe) were best adapted to osmotic stress. Increase in chlorophyll concentration and leaf thickness under high osmotic stress can be considered as preliminary selection parameters for osmotic stress tolerance in Prunus spp. The study confirmed the efficacy of the in vitro method for screening of large number of genotypes for osmotic stress tolerance in wild almond species.     

广东适生樱花及其园林应用

在对樱花作系统调查、引种、筛选和试种的基础上,推介适合广东地区种植的‘中国红’、‘广州’樱、和‘富贵’樱等5种适应性强、观赏价值高的樱花品种,重点介绍其品种特征、生态习性、观赏特性、繁殖栽培及园林应用。     

Bacterial flora associated with the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii, in the hatchery system

The objective of this study was to understand the microbial flora associated with the hatchery system of giant fresh water prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii during an entire rearing cycle. Bacteriological and physico-chemical analysis was done for different samples of water, larvae, and Artemia. The total bacterial load in well water, seawater and inlet water varied from 10¹ to 10⁵ cfu ml^− 1 with higher counts seen in larval rearing tank (LRT) water. The Vibrio count ranged between 10¹ to 10³ cfu ml^− 1. Larval samples harboured a bacterial load of 10⁶ to 10⁷ cfu/10 larvae. The bacterial load in Artemia hatching water ranged from 4.90 × 10⁴ to 5.63 × 10⁶ cfu ml^− 1 while Artemia had a load ranging from 1.08 × 10⁷ to 2.09 × 10⁹ cfu g^− 1. Vibrio count in the LRT water ranged from 10¹-10³ cfu ml^− 1 while the count in larvae ranged from 10² to 10⁴ cfu/10 larvae. The bacterial genera were predominantly Gram-negative and comprised of Aeromonas spp., Pseudomonas spp., Vibrio spp. and Bacillus spp. and non-spore formers (NSF) were the dominant Gram-positive bacteria. This study documents the bacterial flora associated with Macrobrachium hatchery system during a regular normal run. Knowledge of the qualitative and quantitative aspects of bacterial flora in the hatchery would help to understand disturbances, if any, brought about during disease outbreaks.     

鹤蕉种质资源抗寒性和农艺性状的鉴定与评价

针对抗寒性、花期和观赏特性等几个农艺性状,对引进的67个鹤蕉品种进行了连续3年的大田圃鉴定与评价,筛选出适合在海南不同区域栽培的8个有应用价值的品种。旨在为鹤蕉的品种改良、栽培和开发利用提供参考。