Population genetic structure in Lens taxa revealed by isozyme and RAPD analysis

An understanding of the genetic structure of populations is vital for the formation of optimum collection, conservation and utilization strategies for plant genetic resources. This is of particular importance in the case of in-situ conservation, a strategy gaining in popularity. The population genetic structures of five wild lentil taxa, Lens culinaris subsp. orientalis, L. odemensis, L. ervoides, L. nigricans and L. lamottei were investigated using isozyme electrophoresis and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Approximately 20 plants from each of 5 populations per taxon were screened for variation at 11 isozyme loci and using three RAPD primers. Levels of variation were generally low, although considerable variation existed in the levels of diversity found within populations of L. culinaris subsp. orientalis and L. lamottei. Comparison of the results obtained in this study with the results obtained in a previous study indicate that this is a trend occurring across all species. It implies that levels of diversity within populations must be measured and considered prior to targeting of specific populations for in-situ conservation. Analysis of molecular variance of both isozyme and RAPD data revealed that between 78% and 99% of the variation was attributable to between-population differences. Isozyme results from L. lamottei populations were, however, contradictory. Possible explanations for this difference are discussed.     

中国节节麦基于ISSR标记的遗传多样性分析

为揭示中国节节麦的遗传多样性并发掘可能具有独特变异的节节麦种质资源,采用ISSR标记对75份中国节节麦的遗传多样性进行分析。结果表明,筛选出的9条ISSR引物共检测得到155个位点,多态性位点(138个)百分率为89.31%。Nei’s多样性指数(He)、Shannon’s信息指数(I)、基因分化系数(Gst)和基因流(Nm)分别为0.273 4、0.415 2、0.138 5和3.11,表明中国节节麦有较高的遗传多样性,群体间有中等程度的遗传分化。基于简单相似系数的UPGMA聚类分析表明,除5份河南和陕西节节麦聚类形成独立的分支Group 2(T078、T102和SC1)和Group 3(SX38和T006)外,绝大多数节节麦均聚类形成较大的分支Group 1,且在Group 1中,除4份节节麦(T002、T023、XJ6和XJ49)外,绝大多数节节麦均依据地理分布分别形成了黄河流域节节麦亚组和新疆节节麦亚组,在遗传距离约0.77处,又可依次分为河南、陕西和新疆节节麦小分支。二维主成分分析、群体的遗传一致度和分子变异分析也表明了类似的结果,同属于黄河流域节节麦亚组的河南、陕西节节麦遗传一致度(S=0.971 8)较高,群体内个体差异是中国节节麦变异的主要原因,但两大亚组和三居群的遗传差异分别占总变异的18.57%和10.38%。可见,不同节节麦的地理分布和生境差异,是导致中国节节麦居群遗传分化的主要原因,而聚类分析中单独形成独立分支Group 2和Group 3的5份黄河流域节节麦,可能是具有独特遗传变异的种质资源。