水稻钵苗移栽机作业质量测试方法研究

基于水稻钵苗移栽机作业原理,建立了水稻钵苗移栽机作业质量测试方法,确定了秧苗条件、试验地条件和作业质量的测量指标和方法。依据提出的测试方法对2Z-6型水稻钵苗移栽机进行作业质量测试,结果表明:(1)产品的漂秧率为0. 5%±0. 2%,翻倒率为0. 6%±0. 4%,平均栽秧深度为20. 5 mm±1. 2 mm,能够满足作业质量要求;(2)产品的伤秧率为3. 5%±1. 0%,均匀度合格率为80. 6%±3. 5%,漏栽率为2. 8%±1.9%,基本满足或不能作业质量要求;(3)建立的测试方法能够对水稻钵苗移栽机进行作业质量测试,产品的移栽装置的结构参数需进一步优化,以提高钵苗移栽作业质量。     

9FQM1000型树枝秸秆粉碎机的设计

针对新型农业经济组织每年秸秆和废残树枝产量大、利用率低、传统焚烧易污染环境等问题,采用双通道喂入方式,运用盘式切碎加锤片粉碎的基本工作原理,对树枝秸秆粉碎机的结构和传动系统进行了设计,设计出能够对树枝秸秆进行精细粉碎的9FQM1000型树枝秸秆粉碎机并进行试制。样机试验表明,9FQM1000型树枝秸秆粉碎机组合粉碎结构可靠,生产效率为3 000 kg·h^-1。     

多相混输泵叶轮不同区域增压性能

为了改善多相混输泵叶轮域的增压性能,提高混输泵叶轮的做功能力,选用标准的k-ε湍流模型,分别在纯水条件不同流量下和设计流量不同含气率下进行了数值计算,对多相混输泵叶轮不同区域的增压性能展开了研究.结果表明：从叶轮进口到出口,各级叶轮叶片工作面和吸力面压差大的区域主要集中在叶轮的前半段,且在叶轮前半段,越靠近轮缘,叶轮的增压性能越强,越靠近轮毂,叶轮的增压性能越弱,在叶轮后半段,越靠近轮缘,叶轮的增压性能越差,越靠近轮毂,叶轮的增压性能越强;在不同流量下,随着流量的增大,叶片工作面和吸力面的压差逐渐减小,流量对叶轮前半段叶轮叶片工作面和吸力面压差的影响先增大后减小,流量对叶轮后半段叶轮叶片工作面和吸力面压差的影响逐渐减小;在不同含气率下,含气率越高,对混输泵叶轮的增压性能影响越大,且随着含气率的升高,叶片工作面和吸力面压差下降越快.研究结果对多相混输泵叶轮的进一步优化设计提供重要的理论依据.     

土方机械工作装置整体结构的强度分析方法

针对土方机械工作装置的结构特点,结合有限元法进行强度分析时计算结果的准确性有待提高的问题,以某小型挖掘机的工作装置整体结构为研究对象,提出了工作装置整体结构有限元分析方法,对动臂、斗杆、铲斗、油缸和连接销轴构成的系统进行整体建模、加载和有限元强度分析,并结合实际产品开发进行了验证.研究结果表明,该方法对土方机械工作装置及同类产品设计分析具有一定的指导意义,为同类问题的解决提供了可行的分析方法.     

政策认知、执行力度与资源化利用满意度——基于河北省380家生猪养殖主体调研数据(上)

参与主体对于政策的评价是衡量政策实施效果的重要指标，探明政策参与主体满意度影响因素有助于了解主体自身需求，从而提高政策实施水平。文章基于对河北省380家生猪养殖主体调研数据，运用多元有序Logistic回归方法，分析生猪养殖主体自身政策认知以及相关政策执行力度对畜禽养殖主体废弃物资源化利用满意度的影响。结果表明：养殖主体资源化利用政策了解程度能够显著提升其资源化利用政策满意度；仅考虑养殖主体政策参与力度，随着参与力度增加，满意度亦会显著提升。但综合考虑其他因素，参与力度对于满意度提升效果则不再显著；养殖主体感知政策执行力度增加不利于政策满意度提升。此外，生猪养殖主体废弃物资源化利用政策了解程度增加，可以显著提升其报告资源化利用政策“满意”可能性。而单纯提高资源化利用政策执行力度并不能显著提高养殖主体资源化利用政策满意度。因此，要提高养殖主体政策满意度，应多渠道提升宣传力度，鼓励养殖主体积极参与，提高其参与意识，不断改善现有政策执行方式。     

空心刨花板成型挤压机

介绍了成型挤压机的主要结构及工作原理,阐述了均匀下料器部件的改进.     

甘肃牧区牧民对草原生态补奖政策满意度研究

在中国政府致力于完善草原生态补奖机制的背景下,如何权衡牧民禁牧减畜与收入减少之间的矛盾,提高牧民对政策的满意度,是完善草原生态补奖政策亟须解决的关键科学问题。第一轮草原生态补偿政策实施期(2011-2015年)已结束,第二期(2016-2020年)已经开始,评估牧民对第一期补偿政策的满意度,对完善第二期草原生态补偿机制具有重要的借鉴意义。本研究以甘南、肃南和天祝500户牧户为调查对象,采用探索性因子分析,选取牧民社会经济特征、牧民对草原生态补奖政策的感知质量和感知价值3个潜变量,构建牧民对草原生态补偿政策满意度结构方程模型。结果显示,牧民受教育水平越高,获得的草原生态补奖额度越高,其对草原生态补奖政策的满意度也越高。牧民生活与放牧地区自然灾害发生情况,以及水质和水量的下降情况从侧面反映该地区草原生态环境情况。因此,本研究从完善牧区教育机制,强化草原生态补奖政策配套措施建设,鼓励牧民对草场进行科学管理等方面提出增强牧民对草原生态补奖政策满意度的建议。     

乡镇木材加工企业气力集尘器的合理选择

根据乡镇木村加工企业的生产特点,应选用聚集器或气力集式装置。按同时工作机床所需风量设计安装,注意主要构件的选择和匹配。     

Immunophenotypic and histological characterisation of 109 cases of feline lymphosarcoma

OBJECTIVE: To determine and analyse the immunophenotype and histological appearance of naturally occurring cases of lymphosarcoma in Australian cats. DESIGN: A prospective multi-institutional study of naturally occurring feline lymphosarcoma. METHODS: One hundred and eighteen cats were referred for diagnosis and/or management of suspected lymphosarcoma. Tissue samples for histopathological analysis and immunophenotyping were collected as biopsies or at necropsy from 109 cases. Histological classification of the neoplasms followed the Working Formulation Classification System. Four multi-species cross-reactive antibodies were used to classify tumours as having a B or T cell phenotype. RESULTS: Seventy-six (70%) cases were B cell tumours and 28 (26%) were T cell tumours. The remaining 5 (4%) specimens failed to stain with the four antibodies. Histologically, 11 (10%) cases were classified as low-grade, 72 (66%) were medium-grade and 26 (24%) were high-grade tumours. There were no significant associations between age and either histological grade or immunophenotype. Mediastinal and leukaemic cases were significantly more likely to be T cell tumours (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to previously documented studies in the cat, the majority of cases of lymphosarcoma were of B cell phenotype and intermediate histological grade. Based on our data, the histological phenotype of lymphosarcoma is unlikely to predict immunotype, nor are cases of certain immunotypes likely to be of specific histological subtype. Considered in relation to previous reports, the findings suggest that epidemiological factors operating in these cats to produce lymphosarcoma may be different to those operating in North American and UK cat populations.     

Quantifying subjective human dimensions of recreational fishing: does good health come to those who bait?

Recreational fishing is a popular sport and leisure activity in many countries worldwide. There has been growing interest by recreational fishing groups and researchers in the perceived physical and psychological health and social (or ‘biopsychosocial’) benefits of recreational fishing. However, quantifying the key subjective ‘human dimensions’ of fishing that satisfy both the needs of recreational fishing groups and fishery managers is a major obstacle. We propose the use of psychometrically valid health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) measures widely used in the medical and health sciences – namely the Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36) – as rapid, reliable and cost‐effective instruments for quantifying HRQOL of recreational fishers. The widespread use of SF‐36 and availability of population normative data allows comparisons of the HRQOL of recreational fishers across multiple temporal and spatial scales, with participants of other activities, and the general population. The use of such measures in periodic surveys allows the biopsychosocial status of a recreational fishery's participants to be assessed using a modified Kobe plot, a graphical format that is easily interpretable and consistent with existing reporting formats used in fisheries stock assessment. Future biopsychosocial research in recreational fisheries can further benefit from interdisciplinary collaboration to develop a suite of standardized psychometrically valid and reliable instruments for assessing specific issues that commonly affect recreational fisheries from regional to international scales, such as drivers of fisher motivation, behaviour and satisfaction.