福建森林资源培育合作经济组织的调查与思考

对福建开展集体林权制度改革后,森林资源培育合作经济组织的发展现状进行了调研,并对如何加快发展提出了意见和建议。     

论坚持在和平共处五项原则的基础上同所有国家发展友好合作关系

在和平共处五项原则的指导下，中国在外交上取得了丰硕成果，为国内各项建设事业提供了良好的外部环境。和平共处五项原则仍然是当今处理国际关系必须遵循的基本准则。中国要按照大国是关键、周边是首要、发展中国家是基础、多边是重要舞台的外交总布局发展同所有国家的友好合作关系。     

浅析网络环境下农业科技图书馆的联合服务

在网络环境下，开展农业科技图书馆的联合服务很有必要，但存在管理模式落后，材料不规范、技术滞后、人员素质低等问题。对策是一重要新观念，变被动服务为主动服务；二要建设信息站点，提高Web的访问率，提供反馈窗口。注重资源库建设，提高工作效率；三要正确处理好联合开发利用与保护知识产权的关系。     

新时期中俄林业合作的对策探讨

在世界经济全球化、一体化发展的新时期,世界林业呈现出新的特点。本文拟从世界林业发展趋势及中俄林业现状着手,着重分析中俄林业合作的基础、合作形式,提出加强新时期中俄林业合作的对策建议。     

杭州城区高架桥绿化现状与植物的选择

分析了杭州市城区高架桥(含立交桥，下同)绿化植物品种，探讨了高架桥绿化植物品种的选择方法，并提出了高架桥绿化养护保水第一的观点。     

Crack formation due to weathering of radial and tangential sections of pine and spruce

The development of cracks and changes in appearance have been investigated on radial and tangential sections of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce (Picea abies Karst.) after exposure outdoors for 61 months. The degradation of the sections has also been studied at the micro-level. The annual ring orientation was the most important factor affecting crack development on weathering. After 61 months of outdoor exposure, the tangential sections of spruce had 1.7-2.2 times greater mean total crack length per area unit than the corresponding radial sections. In pine, the total crack length per area unit on the tangential sections was 2.2-2.6 times greater than that on the radial sections. Tangential and radial sections show the same colour change as a result of weathering. Tangential sections have more and deeper cracks than radial surfaces. The cracks on the tangential sections occur frequently in both earlywood and latewood. On radial sections, cracks occur primarily at the annual ring borders, but to a certain extent also in the earlywood. Decomposition of the cell wall takes place in both radial and tangential cell walls, and cracks tend to follow the fibril orientation in the S2-layer of the cell wall. The radial cell wall of the earlywood has a large number of pits which are degraded at an early stage.     

钻孔灌注桩竖向承载力浅析

介绍了钻孔灌注桩竖向承载力常用的确定方法 ,并对各种方法做出了简单的评价 ,指出了各种方法的局限性和适用条件。可以为设计人员在桩基设计中提供有价值的参考。     

云南省林业生产实行股份合作制的探讨

林业股份合作制是以林业合作制为基础 ,引入股份制的财产组织形式。实行政企分开 ,所有权和经营权相分离 ,民主决策 ,科学管理 ,利益共享 ,风险共担 ,是林业公有制的实现形式之一。详细论述了林业股份合作制的组织形式 ,运作方式 ,并探讨了我省建立林业股份合作制的途径。     

Cooperation in private forestry of post-soviet system: Forest owners’ cooperatives in Lithuania

The current state of cooperation in private forestry in Lithuania is examined, with a focus on the analysis of objectives, organisational structure and the ways forest owners’ cooperatives operate. A postal survey has been used as a main research instrument, the questionnaire consisting of a series of multiplechoice close-ended questions. This paper provides insights into the state forest enterprises and other private companies operating in the private forestry sector, and places forest owners’ cooperatives in a broader context of the private forestry sector. A typical forest owner’s cooperative in Lithuania has up to 10 members and about 20 clients to whom services are provided. The leaders of cooperatives indicate that the optimal number of clients using their services should not exceed 40. The main stated objectives of cooperatives are the provision of services to their members under the most attractive conditions, uniting members, and earning a profit for the members. These activities of cooperatives revolve around timber harvesting and trade. It is concluded that the process of cooperation of private forest owners in Lithuania is rather slow, although positive development can be observed.     

嫩江沙地几种植物根系垂直分布的研究

采用全部分层挖取法研究了银中杨(Populus alba×Populus berolinensis)、沙棘(Seabuckthorn)、沙枣(Elaeag-nus angustifolia)和山杏(Prunus arm eniaca)4个树种的根系分布情况。结果表明:各树种之间根系的垂直分布差异显著,银中杨根系在0～120 cm土层中均有分布,林龄越大分布越深,但主要集中在0～40 cm的土层中,而且以直径小于7 mm的根系为主;沙棘根系分布较浅,在0～30 cm土层中,分布相对均匀;沙枣根系分布最深仅达20 cm;山杏的根系分布虽可达130 cm,但主要还是集中在10～50 cm土层中。根系总量分布由大到小依次是银中杨、沙棘、沙枣、山杏。