南方山区草地资源的类型及开发利用途径

根据生态学的基本原理，对我国南方山区草地资源的特点进行了分析，从生态学类型上对该地区草地进行了划分，进而提出了南方山区草地开发利用的途径。     

赤红壤坡地果园间种不同牧草的适应性及其持续利用研究

通过果园间作6种不同牧草对比试验，筛选出4种适宜于赤红壤坡地种植的牧草。同时开展了利用刈割后的牧草覆盖野生蔬菜地和覆盖、填埋果树周围（树冠滴水线以外）土壤的试验，结果表明，利用刈割牧草覆盖填埋处理来改良土壤，可明显增加土壤水分，提高土壤肥力，进而促进果树生长。这种方式是解决牧草持续利用的一种好的途径。     

以塘坝为中心建设立体型综合开发小区

以塘坝为中心建设立体型综合开发小区于明（黑龙江省青冈县水土保持办公室，１５１６０６）塘坝是我国水利水保建设的重要工程措施之一。它不仅可防洪蓄水，防治水土流失，同时对解决农田抗旱灌溉、养鱼等综合开发利用具有重要作用。搞好以塘坝建设为中心的小流域综合开发...     

Acclimation abilities of three tropical rainforest seedlings to an increase in light intensity

Current practices in many nurseries involve the germination of tropical rainforest seedlings in shaded conditions and transferral, at a later date, to environments with greater light intensities. Determination of the ability of these seedlings to acclimate to increased light intensities will allow seedling stock to be processed with maximum efficiency within the nursery. The acclimation abilities of three species, Agyrodendron actinophyllum, Cardwellia sublimis, and Flindersia brayleyana, commonly found in north Queensland's rainforests were investigated in this study. These particular species are highly valued for their cabinet timber qualities and are being reared in nurseries for use in reforestation trials and programs in north Queensland. Seedlings were initially raised in greenhouse conditions under two layers of shade cloth (16% of full sunlight) and then transferred into full sunlight at three different ages (3 weeks, 10 weeks, 14 weeks). Upon transfer, organ ratios and the direction of dry matter distribution was determined for each species and age group. Approximately 3 months after the seedlings were transferred, the acclimation ability of each species and age group was then determined. Dry matter distribution was found to change with age, irrespective of light environment. Individuals within a species with larger root systems and thicker or more dense leaves had a greater acclimation ability than those with smaller root systems and thinner or less dense leaves. Furthermore, individuals within a species whose dry matter distribution upon transfer was directed towards developing a large root system, and a small photosynthetic area and mass, had a greater acclimation ability than those whose dry matter distribution was directed away from such morphologies. Awareness of these relationships allows a better understanding of seedling response to gap formation in natural forests, and also allows plant nursery operators to make a more informed decision about when to move seedlings to environments with a higher light intensity.     

桃需冷量遗传特性的研究

对桃的９个杂交组合４６３株杂种实生苗需冷量进行测定,统计结果表明：桃需冷量是由多基因控制的,Ｆ＿１需冷量平均值较亲中值短,不同组合偏离程度不同,南山甜桃、红日、玛丽维拉、白凤、大久保需冷量育种值分别为１５９、２１６、３１９、８３１、８３４ｈ,遗传传递力分别为７９%、５４%、９２%、８３%、９３%。需冷量的遗传力为８９．６９%。萌芽开花与需冷量密切相关。     

毛竹残次林改造试验报告

１９８７～１９９０年，对３５１５ｈｍ２残次毛竹林试验区进行４年２度的砍杂、全垦、全垦结合施肥３种不同的作业方式的对比试验，试验结果均比试验前取得了显著的效益，其平均立竹量由１７１６支／ｈｍ２增加到３０７５支／ｈｍ２，平均胸径由６．６７ｃｍ增加到８．９１ｃｍ，平均度产新竹由３７８０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２增加到１５０９０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，平均度产竹笋由５７０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２增加到２４３０ｋｇ／ｋｍ２，度产值由７９５元／ｈｍ２增加到３２３５．５元／ｈｍ２，投入产出比为１：７．０８。３种作业方式的比较，以全垦结合施肥为最好。     

用紫外分光法测定鱼藤中异黄酮类的总含量

根据鱼藤中异黄酮类化合物在紫外光２１０～２４５ｎｍ及２９０～３０５ｎｍ处具有吸收峰这一特性，提出了用紫外分光法测定鱼藤中异黄酮类总含量的方法．在３００ｎｍ波长处，浓度低于６×２．６１８×１０－３／ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１时，测定了标准系列的吸光值，结果表明吸光值与浓度近乎直线相关，相关系数为０．９９７７；标准系列吸光值准确性高；加样回收率达９９％以上；测定样品时，重现性好．     

高层建筑和低层裙房基础设计方案选择

针对高层建筑和低层裙房基础设计中常遇到的方案选择、高层主楼与低层裙房基础沉降差异处理等问题，提出了设计要求和实施的技术措施。     

竹缺爪螨实验种群生命表的研究

在25℃温度条件下，用黄金间碧竹（Bambusa vulgaris cv.vittata)叶饲养竹缺爪螨（Aponychus corpuzae Rimando)，应用生存分析理论和多维矩阵模型组建竹缺爪螨种群生命表，计算得种群主要参数为：内禀增长率rm＝0．0811，净增殖率R0＝5．8368，平均世代长度T＝21．7532d，周限增长率λ=1.0845/d；并分析了种群在不同年龄的生命状态，各发育期重叠情况以及稳定的年龄一阶段分布；最后讨论了应用这2种方法组建螨类生命表的优点。     

葡萄二倍体与四倍体品种间杂交胚珠的离体培养

为了克服葡萄二倍体品种与四倍体品种之间的交配障碍,进行了杂交胚珠的离体培养研究。发芽胚珠的取样时期集中于授粉后35～75d,其中多数以二倍体作母本的组合在授粉后55d取样的发芽率最高,以四倍体作母本的组合授粉后70d取样的发芽率最高。基本培养模式为:发育培养基-(剥胚)萌发培养基-生长培养基。用二倍体品种作母本时,所有组合均获得了培养苗,在1号培养基上培养的胚珠发芽率高于2号培养基。反交对培养基的要求有相反趋势,其中2个组合未得到培养苗。授粉后60d,直接剥出杂种胚进行培养,得到了最高发芽率。综合分析初步认为,用二倍体品种作母本比用四倍体品种作母本容易获得杂交后代。