The transmission by nematodes of tobraviruses is not determined exclusively by the virus coat protein

The coat protein gene of the nematode non-transmissible, SP5 isolate of pea early-browning tobravius was replaced with that of the highly nematode transmissible, PPK20 isolate of tobacco rattle tobravirus. Plants were infected with the recombinant virus when mechanically inoculated and the virus invaded the plants systemically. However, although the PPK20 isolate of TRV was transmitted by nematodes from these plants, the recombinant virus was not transmitted. Therefore, the virus coat protein is not the exclusive determinant of nematode transmission.     

感染烟草花叶病毒(TMV)的烟叶在显症前的荧光光谱变化

通过测试ＴＭＶ侵染叶片的叶绿素含量与荧光光谱特征的动态变化，分析影响荧光光谱的因素，在以４８０ｎｍ作为激发波长时，叶片６８５ｎｍ与７４０ｎｍ荧光强度之比（Ｆ６８５／Ｆ７４０）随着病毒侵染时间的延长而增加，叶绿素含量则随着病毒侵染时间的延长而降低，因此提出可用Ｆ６８５／Ｆ７４０与叶绿素含量之比作为ＴＭＶ早期诊断的指标。     

烟草气候斑病的发生规律及防治

１９９０－１９９４年研究结果表明，低温是诱发气候斑病的主要因素，不同品种抗性差异显著，氮钾比失调，偏施碳铵地发病严重，当大面积种植感病品种，寄主处于感病阶段，遇气温突然下降和多雨时，最易流行。在防治上，采取以农业防治为主、化学辅的有效措施。     

我国烟草业改革之路

针对目前我国烟草行业发展中存在的经营管理体制不完善、行业整体技术水平较低、“两烟“市场基本饱和、入世后国际竞争加剧及社会舆论环境对烟草行业的发展压力加大等问题,提出了深化烟草行业体制改革,大力推进企业组织结构调整,建立和完善专卖制度下适应市场经济要求的烟草市场体系等改革发展思路。     

Greenhouse and field screening of wild<Emphasis Type="Italic">Lycopersicon</Emphasis> germplasm for resistance to the whitefly<Emphasis Type="Italic">Bemisia argentifolii</Emphasis>

Thirty-two accessions of wild tomato (Lycopersicon spp.) germplasm were evaluated for resistance to the whiteflyBemisia argentifolii Bellows ⇐p; Perring in a greenhouse choice bioassay. Density data were recorded for the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces for (i) all life stages ofB. argentifolii and (ii) types I, IV, V and VI trichomes. Individual plant selections (33 from 22 wild tomato accessions) with high resistance were subsequently tested in the field to verify the resistance found in the greenhouse screening. Resistance was defined by the density of all life stages of the whitefly observed on the eight leaflets sampled at nodes 5 and 7. Only type IV trichomes had a consistent (but low) and significant negative correlation between trichome density and whitefly density for various life stages. The highest whitefly resistance was observed inLycopersicon pennellii accessions LA 716, LA 1340 and LA 2560. The most resistantL. hirsutum f.typicum accessions were LA 1777 and LA 1353. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Dec. 9, 2002.     

杜氏盐藻MAPK基因植物表达载体的构建及对烟草的转化

以载体pBI121为基础,经SmaI和BamHI单酶切后,构建了植物表达载体pBI121-MAPK,并通过农杆菌介导采用叶盘转化法将其转入烟草中,经卡那霉素抗性筛选,获得转基因抗性植株。经PCR检测表明pBI121-MAPK已整和到烟草基因组中。     

云南、福建、湖南烟区烟草花叶病主要病毒种类检测及黄瓜花叶病毒亚组鉴定

 采用抗原直接包被和双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)对采自云南、福建、湖南烟区烟草花叶病样品进行了病毒种类检测,利用三抗体夹心ELISA对黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)的亚组类型进行了鉴定。在云南采集的520个花叶病样品中,烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)、CMV和马铃薯Y病毒(Potato virus Y,PVY)总检出率分别为71.74%、55.01%和6.35%;在福建采集的150个花叶病样品中,TMV、CMV和PVY的总检出率分别为94%、24.66%和8.00%;在湖南采集的74个花叶病样品中,TMV、CMV和PVY的总检出率分别为58.11%、51.35%和2.70%。部分样品为2种以上病毒复合侵染。云南、福建和湖南采集的64个CMV阳性样品中,属亚组Ⅰ的样品为57个,占89.1%;属亚组Ⅱ的样品为10个,占15.6%;其中3个样品为亚组Ⅰ和亚组Ⅱ的复合侵染。     

日本矮紫薇花芽形态分化的研究

日本矮紫薇花芽由中上部侧枝和主枝顶芽发育而成,花芽分化从4月末开始至5月末结束,历时30d,包括花序分化和小花分化两个过程,分为形态分化前、开始分化期、花序原基分化期、花蕾分化期、小花花萼分化期、花瓣分化期、雄蕊分化期、雌蕊分化期8个时期,花序和小花分化的顺序分别是离心和向心的.花芽分化与春梢生长有一定的相关性.     

多年生黑麦草高频再生体系的建立及优化

从外植体预处理方式、基本培养基、激素浓度等方面着手,对多年生黑麦草愈伤组织诱导、继代、不定芽分化及再生过程中的影响因素进行了研究,提高了再生频率。结果如下：切取胚端半粒种子,经75%乙醇处理1min,0.1%HgCl处理15min,在经无菌水清洗4～6次后接种方式较好;愈伤组织诱导培养基以MS＋2,4—D 8.0 mg/L（或另添加甘露醇25 g/L）为佳;愈伤组织接种于MS＋2,4—D 8.0mg/L＋甘露醇25 g/L上进行1～2次继代后于NB＋6—BA2.0 mg/L上进行分化;不定芽转接至MS＋6—BA2.0 mg/L上进行扩繁或于1/2MS＋NAA0.5mg/L＋IAA0.5mg/L上进行生根。     

不同移栽深度结合一次性双层施肥对烤烟生长及产量品质的影响

从施肥技术和栽培措施两者相结合角度,通过大田试验对不同移栽深度结合一次性双层施肥对烤烟生长及产量品质的影响进行了研究.结果表明:壮苗一次性双层施肥9叶移栽能够促进烤烟生长发育,提高前期根系活力,增加根系一级侧根数目、根系干物质、烟株株高、茎围、有效叶片效、单株有效叶面积、地上部烟株干重和地上部干物质积累速率.与对照相比,壮苗一次性双层施肥9叶移栽烟叶产量增加145.5 kg/hm2,产值增加2 130元/hm2,烟叶均价增加0.46元/kg;同时,烟碱和总氮含量比对照下降了0.41%,总糖含量提高了1.57%,总糖/蛋白质和氮/碱比更趋协调.