Essential Factors and Sustainable Development of Green Agriculture

This paper discussed the definition and essential factors of green agriculture, including green ecological environment, green material energy input, application and the popularization of green agricultural technology, the green behavior of worker, green policy regulations guarantee, fund support, supply and the production of green agriculture products, as well as the concept of green agriculture, structural mechanism and function. And finally existing problems in present green agriculture and five suggestions of green agricultural sustainable develonment were proposed.     

加入WTO后新疆棉花生产可持续发展探讨

我国加入WTO后，新疆棉花生产面临着一系列的挑战与机遇。在阐述新疆棉花生产的优势、劣势及生产现状基础上，剖析了新疆棉花的市场竞争力和我国加入WTO后对新疆棉花生产的正面和负面影响，最后提出了新疆棉花生产可持续发展的对策建议。     

An evaluation of the pesera soil erosion model and its application to a case study in Zakynthos, Greece

Abstract. The Pan‐European Soil Erosion Risk Assessment (pesera ) model was evaluated using existing soil erosion data collected under various types of climate, vegetation, landscape and soil conditions. The data used represent a variety of typical Mediterranean land uses such as winter wheat, vines, olives and bare, stony land prevailing in hilly areas. Using this data, the model was calibrated for sediment transport by overland flow and results compared to measured soil erosion values from runoff plots and a watershed on a monthly basis. The performance of the model was assessed statistically, showing that it can be satisfactorily used for predicting soil erosion rates under the conditions included in the study. The overall model estimate including all the available experimental data was 0.69 t ha^?1 yr^?1 with a maximum error of 1.49 t ha^?1 yr^?1. After validation, the model was applied to a small watershed (60 ha) of great ecological importance for the sea turtle Caretta caretta. For this purpose, soil and vegetation maps were compiled from all the necessary data for applying the model. The model was run for three years using daily data from an existing nearby meteorological station. The predicted and measured soil erosion rates for a 7‐month period were 0.31 t and 0.18 t, respectively. Application of the model to each mapping unit showed the over‐riding importance of land use for sediment generation under the given climatic conditions. Bare land, occupying 5.5% of the watershed area, generated up to 69% of the total sediments estimated for the watershed. It is concluded that the pesera model can be used as a regional diagnostic tool under a range of soil, topographic and climatic conditions for identifying the best land use type and vegetation cover to protect hilly areas from soil erosion. The calculated overall root mean square error for the model is 0.06 t ha^?1 yr^?1, compared to a soil erosion rate of 0.04 t ha^?1 yr^?1, which can be tolerated for protecting the area for the sea turtle.     

广东山区开发的理论与实践：—广东山区开发理论与实践研讨会综述

本文述了“广东山区开发理论与实践研讨会”所达成共识的观点：广东山区开发具有重要的战略意义，广东山区开发必须走可持续肆展，农业产业化经营、工业化道路，同时必须搞好基础设施建设，组织好商品流通工作，优化资源配置。     

可持续发展类型与测度的理论探讨

可持续发展的类型划分与可持续发展的测度是可持续发展理论研究的重要内容。科学反应可持续发展的特征 ,有利于可持续发展类型划分 ,是可持续发展测度的依据和目标。本文运用人地关系协调分析法与经济分析法 ,特别是与替代弹性不变生产函数分析法 (C.E.S生产函数 )相结合 ,提出了可持续的人均国内生产总值 ,探讨了可持续发展中人文资本、自然资本相互协调、相互依存的关系特征 ,建立可持续发展测度的指标系统和可持续发展的类型体系     

造纸工业必须走林纸一体化与可持续发展道路

通过对我国造纸工业面临的现状和存在问题的调研、分析，并比较国内外造纸工业发展的现状，认为国内木材市场已经进入供不应求的紧缺阶段，而从国外进口木材，增加了企业的经营成本，又受市场的制约。所以企业通过自身营造集生态效益和经济效益为一体的原料林，是解决目前造纸工业瓶颈问题的现实而有效的途径。因此，造纸工业必须走林纸一体化与可持续发展的道路。     

科技是云南草地畜牧业可持续发展的关键因素

针对云南草地资源的现状及面临的问题，进行了草地畜牧业持续发展综合配套技术的研究，试验、示范、推广效果突出、效益明显，从而提出了科技是草地畜牧业可持续发展的基础和关键因素，以及加快科技推广的一系列建议。     

毛竹笋用林梅前开山施肥试验初报

通过2年的梅前开山，施肥和大量挖掘鞭笋，增挖冬笋的试验，笋产量及产值分别比原来增长49．62％，57．95％，纯收入增加75．82％，每工值增加43．53％，投入产出比1：3．37。     

A test for interaction between brown trout (Salmo trutta) and inanga (Galaxias maculatus) in an artificial stream

Abstract –  The interaction between brown trout ( Salmo trutta ; fork length (FL) range 255–390 mm) and inanga ( Galaxias maculatus ; FL range 55–115 mm) was tested during summer through autumn in an artificial stream consisting of a single run-riffle-pool sequence with a natural food supply. Each experimental trial lasted for 15 days, and consisted of two brown trout and 50 inanga collected fresh from a nearby stream, with each species given prior residence in four replicate tests, totalling eight trials in all. In addition, two control trials (each 10 days), with 50 inanga in each, were run. Brown trout almost exclusively occupied the pool, whereas inanga occupied all habitat types, although in different proportions, when tested with and without brown trout. The proportion of inanga in the pool was appreciably lower in the experimental trials with brown trout than in the control trials with no brown trout; prior residence had no significant effect on inanga habitat use. Mortality of inanga attributable to predation by brown trout ranged from 0 to 40% with a mean of 14.5 ± 4.7%. The results suggest that habitat use and survival of inanga populations in small streams can be adversely affected by brown trout.     

Imperfect Competition and Common Resource Exploitation—An Analysis of Renewable Resource Management with Non—use Values

This article analyzes the importance of non-use values in the management of natural resources with a model of imperfect competition.By constucting a framework of duopolistic exploiters.the incorporation of non-use values based on self-interest and altruistic motives appears to be significant for determining the degree of inefficiency caused by the problem of common property at the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium.It is found that when the non-use value placed by the altruist exploiter is bounded by that placed by the pure selfinterest exploiter,the effect of market power is dominated by the effect of common exploitation.In this case,the exploiters‘ harvesting strategy will response in the same direction to the change of each other‘s harvesting at the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium.In contrast,when the non-use value placed by the altruist is substantially larger or smaller than that placed by the self-interest exploiter,one exploiter‘s increase in harvesting will lead to a decrease in harvesting of the other exploiter at the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium.