中国图像工程:2015

目的 本文是关于中国图像工程的年度文献综述系列之二十一。为了使国内广大从事图像工程研究和图像技术应用的科技人员能够较全面地了解国内图像工程研究和发展的现状,能够方便地查询有关文献,且向期刊编者和作者提供有用的参考,对2015年度图像工程重要文献进行了综述分析。方法 从2015年在国内15种有关图像工程重要中文期刊的共148期上所发表的2975篇学术研究和技术应用文献中,选取出723篇属于图像工程领域的文献,并根据各文献的主要内容将其分别归入图像处理,图像分析,图像理解,技术应用和综述5个大类,然后进一步分入23个专业小类(与前10年相同),并在此基础上分别进行了各期刊各类文献的统计和分析。结果 根据对2015年统计数据的分析可看出:图像分析正得到最多关注,目标跟踪的文献数量有明显增加,图像分割和边缘检测仍然是研究重点,图像匹配融合及其在遥感测绘等的应用再次成为热点。结论 我国图像工程的2015年研究深度和广度仍在提高和扩大,保持了快速进展的势头。     

惠州市东湖花园植物资源调查与应用现状分析

广东省惠州市东湖花园的植物资源调查结果表明：该小区的植物种类可分为55科102种, 其中蕨类植物3科3种，裸子植物5科5种，被子植物47科94种，被子植物中双子叶植物36科61种，单子叶植物11科33种；分析其植物配置现状,并就其今后园林规划中植物的配置提出建议。     

一种恢复渠道中线测量的快捷方法

渠道是农田水利建设的一个重要工程，渠道测量在渠道兴、改、扩建中具有重要的地位和作用。仅就施工过程中如何快捷恢复渠道中线的测量方法作了探讨，并对恢复中线的精度作了相应分析。     

Epidemiological observations of pancreas disease of farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in Ireland

Epidemiological investigations into the pancreas disease (PD) of farmed salmon were conducted on populations of Atlantic salmon reared in Ireland during 2003 and 2004. The investigations surveyed all marine salmon farms operating in Ireland through a detailed questionnaire with follow-up farm visits. Information was gathered on 21 populations of fish in 2003 and 14 populations in 2004. Thirteen of the 21 populations suffered PD in 2003 and 12 of the 14 in 2004. The mean mortality due to PD on affected farms was 18.8% in 2003 and 14.8% in 2004 and the loss of growth due to PD was estimated at 11.4% over the 2-year period. The highest risk periods for outbreaks of PD were early summer and early autumn and the farms most seriously affected by PD mortality were in the western counties of Ireland. Factors which showed an indication of association with a PD outbreak or high mortality during a PD outbreak were: livestock movement to another sea site, high feeding rate prior to any PD outbreak, the presence of another PD positive farm in the same water body, greater than 250000 fish on a site, a previous history of PD on a site, a high sea lice burden, and sites located in the western regions of Ireland which reared a specific strain of salmon.     

GPS RTK的工作原理及在公路工程中的应用浅析

本文结合近几年的工程应用介绍了GPS RTK(Real Time Kinematic)工作原理及其在实际公路工程中的应用,对其在公路工程中的优越性,作业方法等进行简单的介绍.     

问卷调查折射出的辽宁渔业竞争力问题研究

针对目前辽宁渔业所面临的竞争环境，借助国际竞争理论设计出含有宏观因素、水产部门产业环境及基础设施、渔业生产管理体制和渔业有关人员力量四大系统的竞争力评价模型并进行了广域问卷调查。结果表明，近年来，辽宁渔业竞争力在很多领域有了一定的提高和增强。但是，在政策制度、管理体制和支撑体系等方面还折射出不少问题，制约着整个渔业竞争力的提升。基于此，提出了建立健全渔业保险制度和渔业贷款制度、提升渔业劳动者技术水平、加强养殖业者自律性、进一步制定渔用柴油油价上涨对策等一系列政策建议。     

我校学生阅读状况调查与分析

一个学生综合素质的提高,仅局限于课本知识的学习是远远不够的。因此,要想提高学生的素养、拓展知识面,就应该了解其在课外阅读方面的基本情况,课外阅读的方法,从而提出合理化建议,有针对性的给予指导和帮助,使学生对课外阅读产生兴趣,养成课外阅读的习惯,从中获取知识,受到熏陶。     

Can giant clam (Tridacna squamosa) populations be restored on Singapore's heavily impacted coral reefs?

• 1. Giant clams have been a sustainable resource for millennia, but unregulated harvesting has led to local extinctions within the Indo‐Pacific region. Giant clam mariculture can produce large numbers of juveniles for restocking wild populations where natural recruitment is low or absent.
• 2. Singapore is surrounded by more than 60 small islands, many with fringing reefs. These reefs, however, experience increased turbidity and sedimentation resulting from massive coastal development projects and regular dredging of shipping lanes.
• 3. Seven reefs off Singapore's southern islands were surveyed (9670 m²) for giant clams. Also, an experiment was conducted to determine the growth of Tridacna squamosa reared in aquaria under three light treatments: ～50% ambient photosynthetically active radiation (PAR); ～25% ambient PAR; and ～12% ambient PAR. Finally, 144 clams (T. squamosa) were transplanted to four reefs around Singapore to study survival and growth in a heavily impacted environment.
• 4. A total of 23 adult clams from three species were found during the survey, representing a mean density of 0.24 per 100 m². Most clams were found at Raffles Lighthouse, Singapore's ‘best’ reef. No juvenile clams were encountered. In the aquarium experiment, clam growth was significantly different among the three light treatments, with growth greatest in the ～50% ambient PAR treatment. Of the 144 transplanted clams, 116 (80.6%) were recovered after 7 months. All specimens had increased in size, with growth rates among reefs ranging from 3.3 mm month^?1 (SD=1.3 mm) to 4.8 mm month^?1 (SD=1.6 mm).
• 5. Results suggest that, despite high levels of sedimentation and turbidity on Singapore's reefs, giant clams can survive and grow well. Restocking efforts using maricultured clams may be effective in enhancing the dwindling local populations. It is not clear, however, whether a self‐sustaining community can be established as high sedimentation may hinder larval settlement and survival.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

不同生态环境下散养鸡寄生虫区系调查

对榆林市不同生态环境下散养鸡的寄生虫进行比较详细的调查.发现鸡寄生虫14种,隶属8科10属,其中外寄生虫6种,分别属于3科5属,鸡内寄生虫8种,分别属于5科5属,其中线虫5种,绦虫3种,吸虫1种.分析了各类虫种的感染率、感染强度及优势虫种,并对不同生态环境下的鸡寄生虫感染情况进行了分析对比;在调查寄生虫感染原因的基础上,提出了防制措施.