我国群众体育强国评价体系的系统建构

建构我国群众体育强国评价体系是推动我国实现体育强国战略目标的关键环节。采用专家调查权重、专家访谈、数理统计等方法对我国群众体育强国评价体系的概念、基本功能、建构原则以及建构条件进行了系统的研究，提出了我国群众体育强国评价体系的理论模型和目标模式，并确立了我国群众体育强国评价指标体系及其权重。     

单项体育赛事市场化运作应考虑的主要因素

运用文献资料等方法，结合具体事例，从体育赛事经营与管理的角度，对体育赛事价格体系中的主要因素与关键问题进行了分析解读。体育赛事产品的质量、赛事举办地的经济水平、赛事时机时间的定位、赛事项目的关己性、赛事文化活动、赛事运作与销售环节中赛事风险的规避等，是单项体育赛事市场化运作应该考虑的主要因素，是充分挖掘赛事市场潜力，保证赛事收益最大化的根本保证。     

近现代新疆少数民族足球优势运动竞技项目的发展与思考

19世纪70年代,现代足球运动由中亚传入新疆,至今新疆少数民族对足球运动的热爱依然存留。21世纪以来,新疆足球运动蓬勃发展。但在迅速发展过程中也出现了些许问题。本文通过运用文献资料法、专家访谈法,对新疆足球运动成为新疆少数民族优势运动竞技项目的成因,发展过程中出现的问题进行了细致的梳理,并提出了相应的对策和建议,对引导新疆足球运动可持续发展,形成良性循环具有现实意义。     

运动对猪肉质相关基因FTO、MyoG表达的影响

为了验证运动在改善畜禽肉质方面所起的作用,同时为畜禽企业改善肉质提供参考,在基因水平研究了运动与肉质改善的联系.以每天进行1h游泳锻炼的猪作为研究对象,以正常饲养的淮南同龄猪作对照,提取肌肉组织的RNA并进行反转录,选择HMBS为内参基因,采用定量PCR方法检测脂肪肥胖相关基因(FTO)和肌纤维候选基因(MyoG)的差异表达情况.结果显示,与对照组相比,运动组FTO基因和MyoG基因表达量均上调,且MyoG表达量显著上调,表明运动能改善肉的品质.     

社会分层与社区体育参与研究*

以文献研究、问卷调查、社会统计分析为主要研究方法,以“十大社会阶层”为理论基础,对社会分层与社区体育参与之间的深层关系进行了研究。结果表明：粤东地区社区居民经常在社区锻炼的占15.9%,经常在社区锻炼的比例较低;除了产业工人阶层和经理人员阶层以外,其他社会阶层对是否经常在社区锻炼的影响都不具有显著性;性别、年龄、余暇时间、体育情感对社区居民是否经常在社区锻炼有显著影响,而体育认知的影响不具有显著性。从社会分层的视角提出了几点关于社区体育发展的启示。     

Improvement in the national genetic evaluation of warmblood riding horses by including information from related studbooks

Abstract

Young horse performance test data from two warmblood riding horse populations, Norwegian warmblood (NWB) and Swedish warmblood (SWB), were analysed to examine whether including information from a related studbook would increase the accuracy of the genetic evaluations within a population. Ten conformation and performance traits from 31,588 horses, 774 NWB and 30,814 SWB were analysed separately and jointly using single trait animal models. Heritabilities were moderate to high, and varied from 0.15 (conformation, joint data) to 0.74 (jumping technique, NWB data). The genetic similarity (GS) between populations was 31%, with the SWB, as expected given the size of the populations, contributing most to the GS (98%). Genetic correlations between the same traits in the two populations were 0.43–0.90 but with large standard errors (0.2–0.3). Including information from the other population increased the average accuracy of estimated breeding values for common stallions, on average 4% for SWB and 110% for NWB.     

Evaluation of the length of competitive life in Hungarian sport horses

The aim of this study was to analyse the duration of the competitive life of jumping horses in Hungary to assess the potential for genetic evaluation and to get information about the risk factors affecting jumping performance of sport horses. The data set included lifetime performance in jumping competitions for 8475 horses born from 1992 onwards with records between 1996 and 2011 (32.7% were right‐censored). Longevity was measured as the number of years spent in the competition. Discrete time survival model included fixed effects of gender, age at first competition, and the time‐dependent effect of competition level. All fixed effects were highly significant (p < 0.001). The highest risk of ending the race career was estimated for horses competing in the lowest level (category 1) events. The smallest risk was found in horses competing in the highest category. The culling risk for stallions was 15% higher, for geldings 20% lower when compared to mares. As the age at the first competition result increased, the risk ratio also increased. Risk ratios of horses starting as 8 years old or older were 56% higher than those of 5‐year‐old horses. The longest time in sport tracks belonged to horses starting their career as 4 years old. Their culling risk was 20% lower than those of 5‐year‐old horses. The heritability of the length of competitive life was 0.17. Breeding values were predicted for each animals, and 47 showed an accuracy greater than 0.60. The clear benefit of the analysis was shown by comparison of offspring to extreme stallion groups.     

植物病害诊断仪的研究

作者综合现代生物学、电子学和传感技术的新成就研制成功植物病害诊断仪.它功能多、灵敏度高、便携式,能满足很多场合的需求.通过广泛的实验和生产现场检验、仪器对多种植物的根、茎、叶、花、果实上的病害位置、大小,发病时期能够测试,对处于未显症的绝大多数非传染性病害和隐蔽部位已显症的病斑有100％的准确率.该仪器能检测潜育的病斑,因此对病害的早期诊断富有意义。     

衡阳师范学院大学生体育消费的调查与分析

采用问卷调查法、文献资料法、数理统计法及逻辑分析法,对衡阳师范学院大学生体育消费的现状进行了调查研究,分析了衡阳师范学院大学生体育消费的结构、参与动机及影响因素。结果表明,衡阳师范学院大学生体育消费水平较低,主要因素是场地器材的缺乏与不足。另外,自给消费能力不足,学习和业余生活紧张及体育消费价格过高也是重要的原因。     

大果型桂花味石硖龙眼芽变新株系的选育

在黄壳石硖龙眼（Euphoria longana Lam.)无性系群体中通过营养系选种选育出大果型桂花味石硖龙眼芽变新株系，平均单果重达10．5－11．1g，比普通石硖龙眼重26％－31％；果粒均匀；果肉具有桂花香味，有3种香气成分只在芽变系中检出；复叶、花序、果穗显著比对照短（P＜0．01，P＜0．05）；单株产量比对照稍高，果实品质基本保持原黄壳石硖的水平，认为是优良芽变新株系。