学区体育模式：体育强国战略下学校体育与社会体育接轨的进路

实现体育强国梦，学校体育教育必须和身心健康教育、与个人和社会发展联系起来，必须和社会体 育接轨融合。需要体现“以人为本”理念，着眼于人的全面和谐、终生发展；增强学生对延伸和拓展科学 锻炼的实际功能的再认识，把科学体育锻炼作为相互融合的载体；建立一种以高校为中心辐射到家庭、社 区的综合立体保障机制即学区体育模式，有效促进学校体育和社会体育的相互融合，共同发展，达到资源 共享、职责明确，形成学校、家庭和社区的合力。     

Consequences of specialized breeding in the Swedish Warmblood horse population

In many European warmblood studbooks, clear specialization toward either jumping or dressage horses is evident. The Swedish Warmblood (SWB) is also undergoing such specialization, creating a possible need for separate breeding programs and a discipline-specific Young Horse Test (YHT). This study investigated how far specialization of the SWB breed has proceeded and the potential consequences. Individuals in a population of 122,054 SWB horses born between 1980 and 2020 were categorized according to pedigree as jumping (J), dressage (D), allround (AR), or thoroughbred (Th). Data on 8,713 J horses and 6,477 D horses assessed for eight traits in YHT 1999–2020 were used to estimate genetic parameters within and between J and D horses and between different periods. Future scenarios in which young horses are assessed for either jumping or dressage traits at YHT were also analyzed. More than 80% of horses born in 1980–1985 were found to be AR horses, while 92% of horses born in 2016–2020 belonged to a specialized category. The average relationship within J or D category was found to increase during the past decade, whereas the relationship between these categories decreased. Heritability estimates for gait traits were 0.42–0.56 for D horses and 0.25–0.38 for J horses. For jumping traits, heritability estimates were 0.17–0.26 for J horses and 0.10–0.18 for D horses. Genetic correlations between corresponding traits assessed in J and D horses were within the range 0.48–0.81, with a tendency to be lower in the late study period. In the future scenarios, heritability and genetic variance both decreased for traits that were not assessed in all horses, indicating that estimation of breeding value and genetic progress for these traits could be affected by a specialized YHT. However, ranking of sires based on estimated breeding values (EBVs) and accuracy of EBVs was only slightly altered for discipline-specific traits. With continued specialization in SWB, specialization of the YHT should thus be considered.     

高校运动场草坪建植与管理

高校运动场草坪建植普遍存在质量低、使用和观赏效果差等问题,为此,阐述了学校运动场草坪建植核心技术和养护管理要点。     

近十年来我国体育现代化研究综述

采用文献资料法、统计法和系统分析法,以近十年来（2002-2012）中文体育类期刊发表的体育现代化研究论文为研究样本,对体育现代化的概念、内容、特征、指标体系、区域研究5个主题进行了阐述,并对体育现代化相关问题,即体育现代化与民族传统体育、学校体育、竞技体育和群众体育的发展问题进行了总结与评价,理清了我国体育现代化研究的基本状况及其特点,并对该领域研究存在一些问题进行探讨,为今后体育现代化理论构建奠定基础。     

基于IRAP技术的磨盘柿变异单株鉴定

以已知亲子关系的柿品种、柿近缘种和磨盘柿标准品种为对照,对采自北京市房山区磨盘柿产区的部分变异单株进行了IRAP分析。结果表明,19条逆转座子引物中的4个(rtdk13-f5,rtdk16-r10,rtdk4-p3和rtdk2-p6)可将供试11份变异单株完全区分;供试变异单株间的相似系数在0.90～0.98(平均0.94),与磨盘柿标准品种的相似系数为0.91,大于种间和品种间相似系数,与芽变类型及其母株间的相似系数接近;聚类分析结果表明,变异单株与磨盘柿标准品种紧密相聚,分支模式与种间及品种间明显有别。因此,供试11份变异单株已发生部分遗传物质改变,且可能为磨盘柿芽变。IRAP可区分遗传背景高度相似的种质间的微小变异,可望在果树芽变鉴定中应用。     

后奥运时期我国农村体育发展潜质研究

结合后奥运时期我国农村体育发展存在的机遇和挑战,研究我国农村体育发展潜质,并提出建议。     

Morphological Difference and DNA Diversity Between Flower-colour Sport and Original Cultivar of Chrysanthemum with Small Flowers

A total of 58 morphological characteristics were measured on flower-colour sport and original cultivar according to Disticness, Uniformity, Stability＇ （DUS） Test for New Plant Cultivar of Chrysanthemum published by Ministry of Agriculture of China The results showed that five characteristics such as the surface colour, the back color of ray floret among them were siginificantly different, their MS （mo by AFLP showed that rphological s GS （genetic imilarity） was 91.4%, and MD （morphological difference） was 8.62%. DNA polymorphic analysis similarity） was 98.6%, and GD （genetic polymorphic diversity） was 2.81%. Five distinct bands which may include the flower-colour sport genes or be the molecular marker linkaged flower-color characteristics were amplified.     

苹果新品种——秋富红的选育

秋富红是由红富士苹果(秋富1品系)选育出的短枝型芽变新优品种。综合评价,该品种具有树冠矮小、紧凑,枝条萌芽率及短枝率高,节间短,叶片大而肥厚,果个大,果色浓红,外观美、风味浓、品质优,贮藏性、早果性、丰产性、抗逆性较强等特点,成熟期为10月中下旬。适宜在辽宁省1月份平均气温-10℃以南的富士苹果产区栽植。在我国富士苹果产区具有广阔的发展前景。     

A preliminary appraisal of the contribution of recreational fishing to the fisheries sector in north-west Trinidad

Abstract An assessment of the recreational fishery in north-west Trinidad was made by questioning participants about the principal fishing methods used, location of activities, catches, effort and cost of fishing. Surface handline methods (live baiting [à la vive] and trolling) and rod and line (banking) were the most common methods used and were pursued mainly in the summer months (April to August). Total fish landings from the fishery were estimated at 1000 t year^-1, equivalent to about 10% of commercial catches for Trinidad. The principal species caught were kingfish, Scomberomorus cavalla (Cuv.), carite, Scomberomorus brasiliensis (Cuv.), cavalli, Caranx hippos (L.), snappers, Lutjanus spp., and groupers, Epinephelus spp. Many of the fishermen sold their catch to offset the costs of the fishing trip and thus competed with commercial fishermen. Recommendations for monitoring and possibly regulating the fishery through a licensing scheme are made.