适合桑枝栽培猴头菇优良菌株筛选试验

通过不同猴头菇菌株栽培试验,获得适合桑枝栽培猴头菇优良菌株,为利用桑枝高产栽培猴头菇提供依据。选择6个猴头菇菌株,分别进行菌丝生长和桑枝屑栽培出菇试验,通过分析菌丝生长和出菇情况,筛选出适合本地利用桑枝栽培的猴头菇优良菌株。在供试的6个菌株中,筛选出适合利用桑枝栽培猴头菇的菌株为H-4。     

Assessment of cross‐protection to heterologous strains of Flavobacterium psychrophilum following vaccination with a live‐attenuated coldwater disease immersion vaccine

Bacterial coldwater disease, caused by Flavobacterium psychrophilum, remains one of the most significant bacterial diseases of salmonids worldwide. A previously developed and reported live‐attenuated immersion vaccine (F. psychrophilum; B.17‐ILM) has been shown to confer significant protection to salmonids. To further characterize this vaccine, a series of experiments were carried out to determine the cross‐protective efficacy of this B.17‐ILM vaccine against 9 F. psychrophilum isolates (representing seven sequence types/three clonal complexes as determined by multilocus sequence typing) in comparison with a wild‐type virulent strain, CSF‐259‐93. To assess protection, 28‐day experimental challenges of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry were conducted following immersion vaccinations with the B.17‐ILM vaccine. F. psychrophilum strains used in challenge trials were isolated from several fish species across the globe; however, all were found to be virulent in rainbow trout. The B.17‐ILM vaccine provided significant protection against all strains, with relative percent survival values ranging from 51% to 72%. All vaccinated fish developed an adaptive immune response (as measured by F. psychrophilum‐specific antibodies) that increased out to the time of challenge (8 weeks postimmunization). Previous studies have confirmed that antibody plays an important role in protection against F. psychrophilum challenge; therefore, specific antibodies to the B.17‐ILM vaccine strain appear to contribute to the cross‐protection observed to heterologous strain. The ability of such antibodies to bind to similar antigenic regions for all strains was confirmed by western blot analyses. Results presented here support the practical application of this live‐attenuated vaccine, and suggest that it will be efficacious even in aquaculture operations affected by diverse strains of F. psychrophilum.     

‘尧麦16’选育过程中白粉病抗性与产量相关性研究

研究小麦品种选育过程中白粉病和产量之间的互作关系,为育种家在品种选育过程中相关品系的取舍提供参考。在国审品种‘尧麦16’选育过程中,该家系出现不同白粉病抗性和产量的品系。利用白粉抗性不同的‘尧麦16’家系及衍生品系为材料,比较材料间白粉病抗性与产量的差异。4个高代品系的产量三要素差异不显著,但小区产量随着抗白粉程度的降低逐渐提高,较抗病RI16-1依次提高13.2%、16.5%和23.9%。高感RI16-4的衍生品系白粉病反应型略有差异,RI16-4-1和RI16-4-2为3级,RI16-4-3、RI16-4-4、RI16-4-5、RI16-4-6、RI16-4-7和RI16-4-8均为4级;RI16-1的5个衍生平均产量为4.75 kg,而RI16-4高感白粉的6个衍生品系较RI16-1的衍生品系平均增产11.16%,平均产量为5.28 kg,感白粉的衍生品系普遍超过抗白粉衍生品系的产量。综合两年度各品系性状可以看出随着白粉病抗性的降低,不同衍生品系的小区产量随之提高。此外,小区产量整体上呈现产量水平与抗病性具有负相关的趋势。     

坛紫菜自由丝状体移植育苗的初步研究

为建立有效的坛紫菜自由丝状体移植育苗技术,以坛紫菜的2个选育品系"申福1号"和"申福2号"及野生型品系为实验对象,初步研究了自由丝状体的移植量、移植后培养的光密度和温度对贝壳丝状体的生长和壳孢子放散量的影响,结果如下:当自由丝状体移植量为50～500 mg/m2,随着移植量的增加,贝壳丝状体的藻落数显著增加,但移植量如果超过100 mg/m2,贝壳丝状体的壳孢子放散量反而减少。培养光密度在10～50μmol photons/(m2.s)范围内,随着光密度的增加,贝壳丝状体的生长速度明显增快,但壳孢子的放散量却随着光密度的提高而减少。培养温度在15～25℃范围内,随着温度的升高,贝壳丝状体的生长明显加快;在15～20℃范围内,壳孢子放散量随着培养温度的升高而增加,在20～25℃范围内,壳孢子放散量反而随着培养温度的升高而减少。上述结果表明,在坛紫菜自由丝状体移植育苗中,过大的丝状体移植量、过高的培养温度和光密度均会导致贝壳丝状体的壳孢子放散量减少。     

优质抗白粉病网纹甜瓜新品系的选育及利用

利用抗病的哈密瓜类型材料与网纹类型材料杂交 ,结合田间自然发病和苗期人工接种抗性鉴定 ,通过连续自交分离选择 ,获得 3个稳定的抗白粉病的网纹类型品系材料。经果实性状调查和杂交组合配制 ,3个品系均表现出网纹形成良好、果肉厚 ,折光糖含量高等特点 ,为网纹甜瓜新品种选育提供了亲本材料     

谷子纹枯病生防菌株筛选及防治效果研究

分别从河北省的石家庄、承德以及山东省济南的纹枯病病田根际土壤样品中筛选到3株高活性菌株SB8、SB10和SB13,并对其田间防治效果进行了比较试验。结果表明:3株生防菌株对谷子纹枯病防治效果显著。第1次调查,3株生防菌株防效分别达到77.9%、77.9%和76.0%,低于三唑酮的防治效果(80.4%),但与烯唑醇防治效果(77.2%)相当;第2次调查结果显示,生防菌株可有效抑制病情进一步扩展,优于2种化学药剂。     

Resistance of Capsicum species to tobacco,tomato and pepper strains of tobacco mosaic virus

A number ofCapsicum accessions including nine species were tested for resistance to TMV based on hypersensitivity. The tobacco strain MA and the tomato strain SPS, which were both isolated from tomato, and two pathogenically distinct pepper strains P 11 and P 8, were used. Of the 73Capsicum accessions tested 58 were resistant to MA and SPS, 31 were resistant to P 11 and five were resistant to P 8.Samenvatting Om verschillen in pathogeniteit tussen twee in Nederland voorkomende paprikastammen van het TMV nader vast te stellen, werd een aantalCapsicum-herkomsten, waaronder negen soorten, op resistentie getoetst. Hierbij werden de representatieve paprika-isolaten P 11 en P 8 vergeleken met de uit tomaat afkomstige isolaten MA en SPS als vertegenwoordigers van respectievelijk de tabaks- en tomatestam van het TMV. Bij het beoordelen van de symptomen duidden lokale, necrotische vlekken en afvallen van geïnoculeerde bladeren op resistentie, systemische necrosen of mozaïeksymptomen op vatbaarheid. In deze symptomen kwamen tussen de gebruikte stammen verschillen in virulentie tot uitdrukking. Er werden echter vooral verschillen in agressiviteit waargenomen met betrekking tot zowel afzonderlijke, voor resistentie uitsplitsende,Capsicum-herkomsten als het totale aantal getoetste herkomsten. Van de ruim 73 herkomsten waren er 58 resistent tegen MA en SPS, 31 daarvan tegen P 11, maar slechts vijf daarvan tegen P 8. Deze resistentie tegen P 8 werd gevonden inC. chinense.     

论高职院校图书馆服务资源与专业教学资源库建设

近年来,国家高度重视高等职业教育事业的发展,“十一五”期间,教育部、财政部决定实施100所国家示范性高等职业院校建设计划,其主要内容包括提高示范校整体水平、推进教学建设和教学改革、加强重点专业领域建设、增强社会服务能力、创建共享型专业教学资源库。本文从高职院校在进行示范校建设中创建共享型专业教学资源库来论述高职院校图书馆如何赋予图书馆以新的内涵来适应国家示范性高等职业院校建设的要求。     

用GGE双标图分析燕麦品种（系）农艺与品质性状

通过GGE双标图法分析了17个燕麦新品种（系）在阴山北麓半干旱农牧交错区生态条件下的丰产性、适应性和品质,为筛选高产优质燕麦新品种提供依据。结果表明：H44号的秸秆产量最高,科燕一号的籽粒产量最高,2004R-17的蛋白质和脂肪含量最高,坝莜十号β-葡聚糖含量最高,坝莜八号赖氨酸含量最高。籽粒产量与千粒重和有效穂数呈显著正相关关系,秸秆产量与株高、分蘖数以及有效穂数间也呈正相关关系,小穗数和穗粒数与籽粒产量或者秸秆产量间均呈负相关关系,赖氨酸和β-葡聚糖、β-葡聚糖和脂肪、脂肪和蛋白质呈显著正相关关系,赖氨酸和脂肪、赖氨酸和蛋白质、β-葡聚糖和蛋白质均呈负相关关系。     

陇东绒山羊专门化品系选育研究报告

选育和提高陇东绒山羊的生产性能,以陇东绒山羊为试验动物,采用数量遗传学和现代繁殖新技术,在甘肃东部地区选育出陇东绒山羊专门化新品系,数量达到18 685只,其中绒长型9 632只,绒细型9 053只。新品系被毛全白,以产绒为主,绒肉兼用,两品系特一级成年公母羊产绒量分别为626.49 g、506.87 g和601.67 g、465.76 g;羊绒细度分别为15.02μm、14.82μm和14.49μm、14.25μm;羊绒伸直长度分别为90.37 mm、75.82 mm和85.41 mm、79.78 mm;春季体重两品系公母羊分别为36 kg和28 kg以上,屠宰率为47.68%,经产母羊产羔率105%。选育结果陇东绒山羊专门化品系外貌特征一致,遗传性能稳定,白色个体稳定在97.6%以上,繁殖性能良好,其中双羔率占约5%。陇东绒山羊专门化新品系具有体质结实,角型整齐,被毛全白,产绒量高,羊绒品质优良,耐粗饲,抗病力强,适应干旱环境条件等优点。