带常利率和相依结构更新风险模型的破产概率

研究了一类具有常利率及相依结构的Sparre Andersen模型, 模型中假设理赔间隔时间决定下一次理赔额的分布情况. 对一般分布情形, 利用推广后的调节系数方程与递归更新技巧, 得到了此模型的最终破产概率上界的估计. 最后以理赔额和理赔间隔时间都服从指数分布的情况下的实例分析来说明该模型的有效性.     

硒肥与钝化材料组配对土壤Cd钝化及稻米Cd消减效果

为了探讨不同硒肥施用方式联合钝化材料对土壤镉钝化和稻米镉消减的效果,采用盆栽试验的方式,选用亚硒酸钠作为硒肥,钙镁磷肥和硅藻土作为钝化材料,设置基施硒肥+钙镁磷肥+硅藻土和叶面喷施硒肥+钙镁磷肥+硅藻土2种方式,研究其不同用量对镉污染酸性稻田土壤修复与安全利用的影响。结果表明：随着施用量的增加,稻米产量增加,基施硒肥产量略高于叶面喷施硒肥,产量差为 2.115 g/pot,与对照(CK)相比,基施0.28%钙镁磷肥+0.12%硅藻土+0.004‰硒(T3)能够提高1.68倍的稻米产量;随着施用量的增加,pH升高,有效Cd降低,有机质与CEC变化不大;基施硒肥与叶面喷施硒肥处理对土壤pH、有机质与CEC差异不显著,但基施硒肥处理有效Cd含量略低于叶面喷施硒肥处理,T3对土壤Cd的钝化效果最佳;随着基施硒肥用量的增加,稻米Cd含量降低,随着叶面喷施硒肥用量的增加,稻米Cd含量先降低后升高,基施硒肥处理对稻米Cd的消减程度强于叶面喷施硒肥处理,相差 0.021 mg/kg,与对照(CK)相比,T3处理稻米Cd降低0.063 mg/kg。可见,硒对调控稻米镉累积具有重要作用,且基施硒肥强于叶面喷施。综上所述,基施0.28%钙镁磷肥+0.12%硅藻土+0.004‰硒对土壤Cd钝化与稻米Cd消减的效果最佳,值得在镉污染稻田推广应用。     

培育富硒产业团体标准的探讨

介绍了富硒产业的发展趋势、标准化对产业的影响,分析了培育和发展团体标准对促进富硒产业发展的积极意义,探讨了发展富硒产业团体标准的有利条件,并提出了开展团体化标准工作的建议。     

冀、京、津产麦区小麦赤霉病菌原体形成期的气象要素演变特征与分析

根据河北省、北京市、天津市22个代表站1960—2000年逐日平均气温、降雨量、相对湿度以及日照时数等资料，运用统计学方法，分析了京、津、冀地区小麦赤霉病菌原体形成期各相关气象因子的年际、年代际变化及空间分布。结果表明，日平均气温≥12℃日数大部地区呈弱增加趋势，降雨量和雨日呈减少趋势，中部以南地区的日照条件向降低小麦抗病能力的方向转化；贴近度分析表明，塘沽一天津一保定以南地区秋季小麦赤霉病菌原体形成期的气候条件是最适宜或适宜小麦赤霉病发生。     

microRNA-146a通过靶向MAPK4和Myosin Va基因调控羊驼黑色素细胞增殖、迁移

旨在研究microRNA-146a(miR-146a)对羊驼黑色素细胞增殖和迁移的调控及其分子机制。本研究使用双荧光素酶试验验证MAPK4和Myosin Va是miR-146a的靶基因;利用荧光定量PCR和蛋白质免疫印迹试验检测在羊驼黑色素细胞中过表达miR-146a对相关下游基因表达的影响;利用CCK8和Transwell检测miR-146a过表达对羊驼黑色素细胞增殖和迁移的影响。结果显示,与对照组相比,将miR-146a和MAPK4或Myosin Va共转染293T细胞,双荧光素酶活性分别极显著下降36%和30%(P<0.001);MAPK4和Myosin Va基因转录水平分别极显著下调67%和47%(P<0.001,P<0.01);蛋白质水平的表达量分别显著或极显著下调38%和69%(P<0.05,P<0.01);增殖和迁移相关的基因CREB、MITF、MLPH和Rab27a在转录水平和蛋白水平的表达均极显著下调(P<0.01,P<0.001);CCK8和Transwell结果显示,过表达miR-146a使羊驼黑色素细胞的增殖和迁移能力极显著下调(P<0.01)。综上所述,miR-146a通过靶向调控MAPK4和Myosin Va,使增殖和迁移相关的基因MEK1、CREB、MITF、MLPH和Rab27a的表达下调,从而对羊驼黑色素细胞的增殖和迁移起抑制作用。     

Setaria digitata was the main cause of equine neurological ataxia in Korea: 50 cases (2015–2016)

This study was performed to examine and clarify the cause of hindlimb ataxia and neuropathy seen in the South Korean horse population. Fifty horses diagnosed with hindlimb ataxia and neuropathy were referred for this study. Neurological examination was performed on 47 horses while necropsy was performed in all 50 animals. The occurrence of neurological diseases increased rapidly in the summer and 47 out of 50 horses were referred after the end of July. The incidence of neurological diseases started from the southern part of Korea in July and proceeded northward in August and September. Although there was no correlation with age, Thoroughbred and Warmblood horses showed a higher incidence rate than Halla and Jeju horses. The incidence rate was 5 times higher in geldings than in mares and stallions. Of the 20 cases, 16 were diagnosed with eosinophilic meningoencephalomyelitis in 2015. The most common lesions observed in 2016 were parasitic meningoencephalomyelitis (10 cases, 33%) and eosinophilic meningomyelitis (7 cases, 23%). Histopathological analysis of the brain and spinal cord revealed nematodes of approximately 100–200 µm in diameter, microcavitation and infiltrates of eosinophils, and brown pigmented macrophage infiltrates. The nematodes were identified as Setaria digitata via DNA sequencing, performed subsequent to polymerase chain reaction using DNA isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the spinal cord. These results show that aberrant migration of Setaria digitata larva in the brain and spinal cord was a major cause for neurological signs in horses.     

抗滑桩优化设计在滑坡治理中的应用研究

基于传统剩余推力法，提出了新的抗滑桩优化方法。以位于凉山彝族自治州某县城南的滑坡体为例，说明了主要治理方法。采用剩余推力法和新的抗滑桩优化方对该滑坡体天然状态工况进行了稳定分析。结果显示，在设计安全系数为1．15的情况下，该滑坡处于临滑状态，因此，须采取相应的加固措施，最后推荐了抗滑桩设计方案，已在凉山州某县城滑坡工程中成功实施。     

宁夏黄灌区退水过程中氮污染特征模拟

宁夏黄灌区是我国商品粮生产基地之一,农业高强度和化肥高投入对灌区水环境和黄河水安全造成了严重威胁。农田退水中氮素迁移流失的网室土柱模拟实验表明:1每次施肥1~2d后(穗肥是1周后),田面水中全氮量均出现峰值,不断下降后逐渐趋于稳定,全氮量随时间的变化符合对数衰减规律;23次施肥后,种植水稻的土柱各土层渗漏水中的全氮量高于未种植水稻的土柱,水稻根系的发育,一定程度上促进了氮素向下迁移,加剧了氮素流失的风险,水稻收获前控制氮的渗漏损失尤为重要。     

Effect of Se and VE Supplement on Semen Quality,Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Heat Shock Protein Expression of Goat in High Temperature Season

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of selenium and vitamin E supplement on semen quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and heat shock protein expression of goat in Hainan high temperature season.16 adult Hainan Black goat with good health and approximate weight were randomly divided into 4 groups, fed with basal diet(control group), basal diet+0.5 mg/kg Se(Se group), basal diet+100 mg/kg VE(VE group), and basal diet+0.5 mg/kg Se+100 mg/kg VE(Se+VE group), respectively.The experimental period was 93 d.Semen samples were collected in the last week of the experiment on two consecutive days.The semen quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and heat shock protein expression were analyzed.The results showed that compared with control group, the ejaculate volume was not significantly affected by Se or VE supplement(P>0.05).Sperm density and sperm motility were increased significantly by Se and VE supplement(P<0.05), and the abnormal rate was decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).The goats fed with Se and VE also had higher activities of GSH-Px(P<0.01), SOD(P<0.05), CAT(P<0.05) and T-AOC(P<0.01), and lower MDA concentration in seminal plasma(P<0.05).The relative expression levels of HSP70 and HSP90 mRNA in supplement groups were decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).However, there were some certain differences between the Se and VE supplement groups on semen quality and heat shock protein expression.In conclusion, the supplementation of Se and VE could help to improve goat semen quality by increasing the sperm density, sperm motility, the antioxidant enzyme activities, and decreasing the abnormal rate in hot season of Hainan.Finally, Se and VE supplement had good effects on relieving the environment heat stress.     

Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Reproductive Function of Male Mice with Cadmium Poisoning

The study was aimed to explore the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on the reproductive function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.40 healthy clean grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group (H₂O),cadmium chloride group (2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),sulforaphane group (10 mg/kg SFN),sulforaphane + cadmium chloride group (10 mg/kg SFN+2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),and continuous administration for 10 d,all mice were executed by dislocated cervical vertebra at 2 d after the last administration,and then the pathologic changes of testicular tissues,organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis,sperm quality and concentration of testosterone were tested.Additionally,the contents of GSH and MDA,and the activities of T-SOD in testis were also detected at the same time. Compared with the control group,pathology damages were observed in cadmium chloride group,organ coefficient of testis and epididymis,sperm quality and levels of testosterone extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),the activities of T-SOD and GSH content were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly enhanced (P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the activity of T-SOD and concentration of GSH in sulforaphane group were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the concentration of MDA was not significant different between the control group and sulforaphane group (P>0.05).While compared with the cadmium chloride group,the sperm motility rate and sperm total count in sulforaphane and cadmium chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),the organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis was increased significantly (P<0.05),the concentration of GSH and activity of T-SOD in testicular tissue were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The results indicated that sulforaphane had the protection effect on reproduction function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.