Influence of cyto‐sterility sources of female line on seed quality of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.) in relation to storage period

Effect of cyto‐sterility sources on morphology and yield attributes in F₁ has well been studied in different crops, but not on the seed quality of hybrid. Six cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines, viz. Ogura, Siifolia, Erucoides, Moricandia, Tournefortii and Oxyrrhina, which represent six different sources of CMS, were pollinated by a single maintainer line (‘Pusa Bold’) to check whether CMS sources have any marked effect on seed quality. Seeds were collected in 2007–2008 (rabi season: October–April) from CMS maintenance plot and kept in ambient storage for next 3 years. The results indicated that CMS/cyto‐sterility sources influenced the seed quality parameters in fresh seed as well as after storage. Per cent germination (as means over the storage period) was recorded up to 89.00, 88.25 and 87.88 in Moricandia, Ogura and Oxyrrhina systems, respectively, and it was significantly different from Tournefortii and ‘Pusa Bold’ (70.13 and 74.38, respectively). The CMS sources also had pronounced effect on other seed quality traits, viz. root and shoot length and seedling dry matter, and Ogura and Moricandia (green) performed better.     

Long-term monitoring of feral genetically modified herbicide-tolerant Brassica napus populations around unloading Japanese ports

Genetically modified, herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) Brassica napus plants originating from seed spill have recently been found along roadsides leading from Japanese ports that unload oilseed rape. Such introductions have potential biodiversity effects (as defined by the Cartagena Protocol): these include replacement of native elements in the biota through competitive suppression or hybridization. We conducted surveys in the period 2006–2011 to assess such threats. We examined shifts in the population distribution and occurrence of GMHT plants in 1,029 volunteer introduced assemblages of B. napus, 1,169 of B. juncea, and 184 of B. rapa around 12 ports. GMHT B. napus was found around 10 of 12 ports, but its proportion in the populations varied greatly by year and location. Over the survey period, the distributions of a pure non-GMHT population around Tobata and a pure GMHT population around Hakata increased significantly. However, there was no common trend of population expansion or contraction around the 12 ports. Furthermore, we found no herbicide tolerant B. juncea and B. rapa plants derived from crosses with GMHT B. napus. Therefore, GMHT B. napus is not invading native vegetation surrounding its populations and not likely to cross with congeners in Japanese environment.     

南瓜籽壳超微粉特性研究

南瓜籽壳具有极高的药用价值,为充分利用南瓜籽壳中的功能性成分,对南瓜籽壳进行超微粉碎。结果表明,超微粉碎30 min后样品的粒度分布从100~800μm可以降低到0.1~100μm,其有效成分溶出特性有明显改变;测定南瓜籽壳粉的物理特性,表明微粉的均匀性比粗粉更好。     

Hempseed as a nutritional resource: An overview

Summary The seed of Cannabis sativa L. has been an important source of nutrition for thousands of years in Old World cultures. Non-drug varieties of Cannabis, commonly referred to as hemp, have not been studied extensively for their nutritional potential in recent years, nor has hempseed been utilized to any great extent by the industrial processes and food markets that have developed during the 20th century. Technically a nut, hempseed typically contains over 30% oil and about 25% protein, with considerable amounts of dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals. Hempseed oil is over 80% in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and is an exceptionally rich source of the two essential fatty acids (EFAs) linoleic acid (18:2 omega-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (18:3 omega-3). The omega-6 to omega-3 ratio (n6/n3) in hempseed oil is normally between 2:1 and 3:1, which is considered to be optimal for human health. In addition, the biological metabolites of the two EFAs, gamma-linolenic acid (18:3 omega-6; GLA) and stearidonic acid (18:4 omega-3; SDA), are also present in hempseed oil. The two main proteins in hempseed are edestin and albumin. Both of these high-quality storage proteins are easily digested and contain nutritionally significant amounts of all essential amino acids. In addition, hempseed has exceptionally high levels of the amino acid arginine. Hempseed has been used to treat various disorders for thousands of years in traditional oriental medicine. Recent clinical trials have identified hempseed oil as a functional food, and animal feeding studies demonstrate the long-standing utility of hempseed as an important food resource.     

镉处理对绿豆种子萌发及蛋白质含量的影响

采用室内试验方法，研究了不同浓度的Cd^2＋溶液对绿豆种子萌发及蛋白质含量的影响。结果表明，当Cd^2＋溶液浓度低于20mg/L时，种子的发芽率不受Cd^2＋溶液浓度的影响；当Cd^2＋溶液浓度低于10mg／L时，种子的发芽指数不受Cd^2＋溶液浓度的影响；与对照相比。种子的活力指数与发芽势随着Cd^2＋浓度的增加而下降。种子内的蛋白质含量随着Cd^2＋溶液浓度的提高而升高，而蛋白酶活性和自由氨基酸的含量均下降。     

冷藏库的管理

介绍了冷库的发展现状。根据冷库的特点,论述了冷库的管理方法,对我国冷库的设计与运行管理具有重要的意义。     

水合—脱水处理在烤烟种子活力中的作用

对不同活力水平烤烟K326种子进行水合－脱水处理，并用生理及生化指标对不同处理进行测定与分析。结果表明，水合－脱水处理种子后，可提高中、低等活力水平种子的活力，而对高活力的种子的活力则有轻微的抑制作用，在水合－脱水处理中，以水分平衡－浸泡－干燥处理的效果最佳。这对提高中、低等活力水平种子的活力具有显著效果。     

粮食通风储藏的数学描述问题

文章从三方面介绍了粮食通风储藏的数学描述问题，即数学描述粮食通风储藏的基础知识，通过粮仓中热和质量传递的连续方程之体积平均形式；通风粮仓中热和质量传递的数学描棕。通过各种方程式具体描述了粮食通风储藏这个技术问题，并从而使这个技术问题系统化，理论化。     

Design for Object-Oriented FEM Analysis Program of Three-dimension Solid

In the nonlinear analysis, stress state and stress history are in respect to stress-strain law. It is needed to store its stress history in calculation and analysis. Based on stress state of material, Object-Oriented Programming method used has the advantage in storing stress history intelligently. It overcomes the shortcoming of Process-Oriented Programming method, saves space and reduces difficulty of programming. Based on the three-dimension solid element, how to design for Object-Oriented nonlinear FEM Program.