新疆地区民族中小学体育风险管理研究*

研究呈现新疆民族中小学体育意外伤害发生特征,提出相应的风险管理策略。结果发现,民族中小学生因好动不羁个性、宗教特征,男生意外伤害高于女生,体育训练与竞赛风险发生率较高,足球成为频次最高的项目,学生自身和场地环境为主要风险因素,教师在风险管理策略选择上处于被动地位。     

Quantitative PCR demonstrates a positive correlation between a Rickettsia-like organism and severity of strawberry disease lesions in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)

Strawberry disease (SD) is an inflammatory skin disorder in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). The aetiology of SD is unknown although the 16S rDNA sequence of a Rickettsia-like organism (RLO) has been associated with SD lesions using a nested PCR assay. In this study, we developed a Taqman quantitative PCR assay (qPCR) that targeted the RLO 16S rDNA sequence to examine the distribution of RLO relative to lesion status. We compared 18 lesion samples from 13 fish representing high or low lesion severity as judged by gross examination. QPCR results showed that there was a higher number of RLO sequences in high severity lesions (mean of 12,068 copies) compared with fewer copies of RLO sequence in low severity lesions (mean of 3287 copies, P = 0.012). Grossly normal skin samples (n = 13) from SD-affected fish were all negative by qPCR except two samples (121 and 139 copies). The qPCR assay described herein is a useful tool to investigate the role of RLO in SD in the absence of a culture system for RLO. Our results demonstrate a positive correlation between copy number and lesion severity consistent with the hypothesis that the RLO is the aetiologic agent of SD.     

基于Zernike矩的马铃薯薯形检测

目前基于机器视觉的马铃薯薯形检测的形状特征单一,相关研究较少,为了进一步探索合适的形状特征参数及检测方法,该文将Zernike矩作为特征参数并利用支持向量机实现了马铃薯薯形的检测分类,准确度较高。首先用截取最佳图像的方法对马铃薯图像进行归一化,使得归一化后的图像具有平移和尺度不变性,然后从归一化的图像中计算具有旋转不变性的Zernike矩参数,通过特征筛选确定分类的19个Zernike特征参数,最后将这些特征输入到支持向量机中,用高斯径向基核函数（RBF）和Sigmoid核函数构建混合核函数,完成马铃薯薯形检测分类,对薯形良好和畸形的检测准确率达93%和100%,能够准确剔除畸形马铃薯并满足实际检测的要求。     

石榴皮提取液对草莓的保鲜效果

为了发展草莓贮藏保鲜的新技术和有效利用石榴皮资源,以新鲜草莓为材料,在贮藏前分别经过1.25%壳聚糖溶液（T1）、1%石榴皮提取液（T2）、1.25%壳聚糖石榴皮提取物复合溶液（T3）浸泡处理,以蒸馏水浸泡作为对照（CK）,通过对其在贮藏期相关品质指标（质量损失率、软化腐烂率、可溶性固形物质量分数、可滴定酸质量分数、Vc质量分数、丙二醛（MDA）含量）的测定,比较了3种处理溶液的保鲜效果。结果显示,T1、T2、T3处理均降低了草莓果实质量损失率、软化腐烂率和MDA含量,延缓了果实可滴定酸、可溶性固形物和Vc质量分数的下降,其中T3处理效果明显好于T1和T2处理,T3处理可使在室温下放置的草莓保鲜期延长1～2 d。结果表明石榴皮提取液用于草莓保鲜可行,与一定浓度的壳聚糖配制的复合保鲜液保鲜效果更理想。     

基于灰度截留分割与十色模型的马铃薯表面缺陷检测方法

为探索基于计算机视觉的马铃薯表面缺陷检测新方法,该研究提出能将马铃薯表面疑似缺陷一次性分离出来的快速灰度截留分割方法和用于缺陷识别的十色模型。选择面积比率和十色比率作为缺陷判别特征,对分割出来的深色部位采用阈值法进行缺陷识别。采用基于快速G与亮度截留分割的2种方法对发芽进行识别。通过对326个马铃薯样本的652幅正反面图像进行试验,基于十色模型的缺陷识别方法对分割出来的深色区域的正确识别率为93.6%,基于快速G与亮度截留分割2种方法结合对有芽体图像的正确识别率为97.5%,马铃薯表面缺陷正确检测率为95     

基于模糊模式的蝗虫图像识别方法

蝗灾是中国农业病虫害防治的重点,采用低空机载蝗虫预警系统技术,对拍摄图像中蝗虫识别和计数,实现蝗虫监测,可以弥补蝗虫地面人工监测的不足。以广东省清远市英德区域农田为试验区,采用数码相机采集蝗虫图像,对蝗虫区域和背景的RGB分量平均值进行对比分析,选用超G绝对值法进行灰度转换,实现蝗虫与背景分离。通过面积统计对比,确定单个蝗虫的面积和周长特征,建立单个蝗虫模糊集和粘连重叠蝗虫区域模糊集,采用最大隶属度原则可以判定蝗虫连通区域为单个蝗虫或是存在图像粘连重叠。用模糊识别方法对单个和粘连重叠的区域分别计算数量,准     

基于GIS的安徽省长丰县耕地上草莓适宜性评价研究

以安徽省长丰县为例,利用GIS对长丰县不同耕地中的草莓适宜性进行了评价。通过建立评价基础属性数据库、选择评价因子、确定评价因子的组合权重和隶属度等,得出长丰县不同耕地上草莓适宜性评价的分级方案,并对结果进行了详细分析。利用GIS技术进行草莓适宜性评价研究,可以从宏观上合理布局草莓的种植,实现产量的最大化,为稳产增产提供了科学指导,同时也能为土地管理和规划提供科学的量化依据。     

神经网络对水稻种子颖壳闭合的识别研究

基于神经网络的基本原理,利用种子的七个特征参数作为输入层,三种类型（正常、微裂、裂颖）种子作为输出层,设计出识别水稻种子颖壳闭合的网络结构。通过大量实验研究表明该神经网络结构能够很好地识别出裂开程度不同类型的种子。     

Pattern recognition of geophysical data

A new rock classification method for ground penetrating radar (GPR) data is presented for cases where no additional geological information is available from boreholes. There are non-linear relationships between petrophysical properties of rocks and electromagnetic waves which can be handled using two methods derived from statistical learning theory on pattern recognition. An investigation was carried out looking at proving the feasibility of the method in principle for use on synthetic models as well as measurement data. The different learning methods were also compared.The method is based on multivariate statistical learning algorithms for the discrimination of layer boundaries between different rocks. The discrimination developed works with artificial neural networks (ANN) and support vector machines (SVM). The processing procedure starts with geological models with varying petrophysical rock parameters, which are to be sought in the measurement data. The models are used to generate synthetic radargrams from which rock properties can be derived using wave attributes. The calculated values of the wave attributes are stored in a multivariate data pool. This data pool is used to train the ANN and the SVM. The same wave attributes are derived from the GPR data and also saved in a data pool. This generates two data sets for pattern recognition with which to directly classify rock layers. Wave attributes can therefore be used to derive the non-linear correlative relationships between rock properties and GPR data by the weighted matrices of ANN and SVM.The presented method can be used to match reflections in the GRR data directly with the layer boundaries of rock formations. The classification of a boundary horizon between rock salt and anhydrite is demonstrated on synthetic GPR traces and measurement data from a rock salt mine. The advantage of this method is that rock classification is not a priori dependent on borehole data.     

Research on Accounting Recognition and Measurement of Forest Ecological Assets

Current accounting standards and systems do not include the accounting of forest ecological assets.With the increasing attention that people pay to forest ecological issues and the needs for accounting information disclosure,its value accounting has become a forefront issue and hot topic in the accounting profession.The profound issues about its particularities,accounting recognition and measurements are to be solved. Based on the analysis of the features of forest ecological assets and its impacts on accounting recognition and measurement,this paper proposes that accounting recognition should be based on the appraisal and a fair value model is suggested for initial and further measurement of forest ecological assets.For the fair value measurement, the appraisal techniques of non-market values should be given more consideration.And its value appraisal methods should refer to the existing mature ecological economic or environmental economic appraisal methods.