Soil CO2 evolution from Korean pine virgin forest at Changbai Mountain

The soil CO₂ evolution rate was measured in a virgin Korean pine forest. The results in June showed that the lowest value of evolution rate was 220 mg/(m²·h) and appeared at 6:00 a.m. The highest value was 460 mg/(m²·h) at 18:00. The rates of CO₂ evolution were related with soil temperature. On the basis of the constructed regression equation and the monthly average values of temperature, the magnitude of CO₂ evolution from Korean pine forest soil was 10.4 t/hm² during a growing season. This project was funded by the Opened Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Responsible editor: Zhu Hong     

直接拟设法解广义Burgers-Huxley方程

通过引进一个合适的拟设方程和直接拟设法得到广义Burgers-Huxley方程的显示精确孤波解,同时也可以通过这种方法得出广义Burgers-Huxley方程的一些特殊形式的方程。     

结构可靠度的一种计算方法

提出一种推广一次二阶矩法的算法，解决了关于相关正态随机向量的非线性极限状态方程下结构可靠度计算问题，在理论上论证了方法的可行性，实例计算表明了方法的有效性。     

基于投资的再保险定价模型

从系统的观点出发,把公司的赔付情况与投资收益相接合,对比例再保险与超额损失再保险,建立了在投资影响下的带跳的再保险模型,给出了基于投资的再保险定价公式,为公司厘订再保险费提供了新的方法.     

一阶具有正负系数的无界时滞微分方程解的振动性

讨论一阶具有正负系数的无界时滞微分方程,建立了方程所有解振动的一些充分条件,同时推广了相关文献中的结果.     

求解中立型常延迟微分方程再生核数值方法

在再生核空间Ｗ＾２ ２（０）中，给出在动力系统等领域广泛应用的中立型二阶常延迟微分方程组数形式的解析解表达式，当解析解级数截断时得到近似解，并分析了此近似解的特点。     

用线性递推关系求行列式的值

给出了用组合数学中的递推关系H_n=■α_iH_(n-i)(其中α_1,α_2,…,α_r为常数)计算具有二阶及二阶以上常系数递推关系的n阶行列式的计算方法.通过实例给出此方法的解题步骤,并验证了其可行性.     

Logistic方程在微生物分批培养动力学中的应用

将生态学领域中的Iogistic方程引入微生物动力学的研究中，建立了3个分别基于Monod方程、Herbert方程和Logistic方程的关于培养基中的微生物浓度(χ)和底物浓度(s)的模型以形成对照．同时建立了基于Logistic方程的关于微生物浓度(χ)和时间(t)的模型．这些均采用实验数据拟合以证明其精确性．该工作有助于研究微生物生长特性，同时有助于进一步地研究可生化降解的有机物在水体的微生物作用下的氧化分解过程，建立新的河流、湖泊、水库等生物学水质模型．本研究中采用的数值方法是非线性最小二乘法、Interior-reflective Newton算法．在Lorynebacterium glutamicum分批培养和Pseudomonas sp．分批培养中，基于Logistic方程的χ-s模型拟合的相关系数分别是0.9940和0．9867，在Pseudomonas sp．分批培养中，z-t模型拟合的相关系数是0．9972。     

改可变容差法为给定容差法

给定容差法是相对于可变容差法提出的。用给定容差法求解有约束的非线性规划问题,计算时间减少到可变容差法的1/5～1/4。利用给定容差法己在APPLE-Ⅱ微型计算机上求解过20个独立变量、40个约束方程的非线性规划问题。此法可在微型机上推广应用。     

Application of a modified rate equation to the acetylation of wood

A modified rate equation, in which the diffusion of reagent was taken into consideration, was proposed and applied to results reported previously for the acetylation of wood. The equation was fitted more successfully to the prolonged as well as the early stage of the reaction than a common first-order rate equation. Although the conclusions were virtually unchanged, the reliability was enhanced because reaction parameters such as the rate constant, ultimate extent of the reaction, and activation energy calculated for the modified equation were based on much more data than those reported previously. The equation proposed here may be applicable not only to acetylation but to other chemical modifications of cellulosic materials in heterogeneous systems.