Severe hypertriglyceridemia appears in apolipoprotein CⅢ transgenic mouse

AIM: To investigate the biological functions of human apolipoprotein CⅢ (hApoCⅢ) on metabo-lic regulation, hApoCⅢ transgenic mouse model was established.METHODS: hApoCⅢ transgenic mice were generated by injecting hApoCⅢ genomic fragment into fertilized mouse oocytes, and transgenic line was screened using PCR and Southern blotting. Plasma lipid analysis, fast protein liquid chromatography(FPLC), oral fat load test, post-heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase(LPL) activity analysis and glucose tolerance test were performed to characterize the phenotypic changes of lipid and glucose metabolism in the transgenic mice.RESULTS: We successfully generated the hApoCⅢ transgenic mouse model, which showed evident hypertriglyceridemia(HTG) , delayed triglyceride(TG) clearance and reduced LPL activity in post-heparin plasma while no change was detected in glucose tolerance test.CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the manifested evident HTG in hApoCⅢ transgenic mice may be due to inhibition of LPL activity in post-heparin plasma, which would lead to a prolonged clearance of plasma TG.     

Effects of astragaloside IV combined with ginsenoside Rg1 on autophagy and PI3K signaling pathways of PC12 cells induced by oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation

ATM: To probe the effect and the mechanism of astragaloside IV and ginsenoside Rg1 on autophagy of PC12 cells induced by oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). METHODS: The autophagy injury model of PC12 cells induced by OGD/R was established(PC12 cells were exposed to 2 h of OGD followed by 24 h of reoxygenation). The effects of astragaloside IV combined with ginsenoside Rg1 on autophagy of PC12 cells were observed, and the mechanism was studied through PI3K Ⅰ/Akt/mTOR and PI3K Ⅲ/becline-1/Bcl-2 signaling pathways. RESULTS: After OGD/R, LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰin PC12 cells was increased. Astragaloside IV, ginsenoside Rg1 and astragaloside IV combined with ginsenoside Rg1 restrained the increase in LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ, the effect of the combination was greater than using the drug alone. Ginsenoside Rg1, astragaloside IV combined with ginsenoside Rg1 up-regulated the phosphorylation level of PI3K Ⅰ, Akt and mTOR. The effects of the combination were stronger than those of using the drug alone. Astragaloside IV, astragaloside IV combined with ginsenoside Rg1 inhibited the protein expression of PI3K Ⅲ and becline-1, the effects of the combination were better than those of single astragaloside IV and single ginsenoside Rg1. Meanwhile, the combination treatment increased Bcl-2 protein expression. CONCLUSION: The autophagy of PC12 cells induced by OGD/R is inhibited by astragaloside IV and ginsenoside Rg1. Furthermore, astragaloside IV combined with ginsenoside Rg1 plays synergitic inhibition on autophagy, the mechanism may be related to PI3K Ⅰ/Akt/mTOR and PI3K Ⅲ/becline-1/Bcl-2 signaling pathways.     

引种大马士革Ⅲ玫瑰精油化学成分研究

[目的]对四川绵阳柏林地区引种大马士革Ⅲ玫瑰精油进行研究,为大马士革Ⅲ玫瑰在该地区的产业化栽培及其综合开发利用提供理论依据.[方法]采取工业化蒸馏萃取法提取玫瑰精油,用GC-MS法对玫瑰精油进行了分离和鉴定,峰面积归一法计算各成分的相对百分含量.结合引种地与原产地的气候条件比较,对照大马士革Ⅲ玫瑰精油的国际质量标准,对其进行综合分析.[结果]试验累计鉴定出引种大马士革Ⅲ玫瑰精油中40余种化学成分,精油含量、精油的外观性状以及主要质量控制成分的种类和含量,均符合国际标准中相应的要求.[结论]大马士革Ⅲ玫瑰适合在绵阳柏林地区产业化栽培和推广.     

Pb-Sb-As电极上Mn(Ⅱ)电解生成Mn(Ⅲ)的研究

以Pb—Sb—As合金为电极,进行电解Mn(Ⅱ)生成/Mn(Ⅲ)的研究。探讨了温度、电流密度、电解时间、阴阳极面积比等对电流效率的影响。结果表明,室温下电流密度45~60mA/cm2,电解时间为45~60 min,阴阳面积比为1∶1.5时,Mn(Ⅱ)电解生成/Mn(Ⅲ)的电流效率可达85％以上。为进一步利用Mn(Ⅲ)/Mn(Ⅱ)循环媒质间接电合成芳香醛奠定了基础。     

牛凸隆病毒HE基因分子特征分析

本研究旨在分析我国牛凸隆病毒（bovine torovirus,BToV）的HE基因分子特征。采用RT-PCR方法检测辽宁、河南、四川的牛腹泻样本中BToV,阳性样本扩增完整HE基因。结果显示：从94份腹泻粪便中检出10份BToV阳性,平均阳性率约为10.64%。从10份阳性样本中扩增得到15条HE基因,其中,9条为基因Ⅱ型,6条为基因Ⅲ型;10份阳性样本中有5份存在Ⅲ型和Ⅱ型毒株的混合感染,1份单独感染Ⅲ型毒株,4份单独感染Ⅱ型毒株。与GenBank中其他Ⅲ型HE基因相比,本研究获得的6条Ⅲ型HE基因具有4个相同的氨基酸突变,其中2个位于凝集素结构域,可能会影响受体结合功能。重组分析表明,BToV Ⅲ型毒株可能是Ⅱ型毒株与Ⅰ型毒株重组而来。本研究首次证实了基因Ⅲ型BToV在我国牛群中存在,报道了Ⅲ型与Ⅱ型毒株混合感染的情况,为国内牛腹泻病的防控和BToV的遗传进化研究提供了参考。     

牦牛金属硫蛋白-Ⅲ(MT-Ⅲ)cDNA分子克隆及序列分析

利用基因特异引物YMT-ⅢSP1和YMT-ⅢSP2,通过RT-PCR从牦牛大脑组织中克隆出了牦牛MT-Ⅲ基因编码区全长．将牦牛MT-ⅢcDNA序列在CBI上进行同源性搜索发现牦牛MT-Ⅲ编码区序列与羊、猪、人、鼠的同源性分别为95％、92％、89％、86％,该序列在不同哺乳动物中相当保守,并通过牦牛MTs(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ)编码区序列之间的分析表明,MT-Ⅰ与MT-Ⅱ编码的蛋白质性质、功能之间差异较小,而MT-Ⅲ与MT-Ⅰ／Ⅱ编码的蛋白质性质、功能之间差异相对较大．牦牛MT-Ⅲ基因编码的MT-Ⅲ蛋白由68个氨基酸组成,其中19个半胱氨酸,具有MTs保守的短肽结构如:C-X-C、C-C-X-C-C、C-X-X-C、KKS以及MT-Ⅲ特异的MDPE、CPCP等结构,在分子进化上很保守．分析表明了牦牛MT-Ⅲ蛋白质是一个低分子量,富含半胱氨酸．不含芳香族氨基酸,也无二硫键的蛋白质．     

海藻酸钠凝胶球对铬(Ⅵ)的去除效果研究

研究海藻酸钠-钙凝胶球、海藻酸钠-铁(Ⅲ)凝胶球对废水中的铬(Ⅵ)的去除效果。结果表明:对50 m L(10 mg/L)的模拟废水进行吸附,海藻酸钠-铁(Ⅲ)凝胶球的吸附效果较好,而海藻酸钠-钙凝胶球对铬(Ⅵ)几乎不发生吸附作用。铬(Ⅵ)的去除率随吸附时间的增加而提高,吸附240 min后,海藻酸钠-铁(Ⅲ)凝胶球对铬(Ⅵ)的去除率可达99%以上,海藻酸钠-铁(Ⅲ)凝胶球在酸性条件下比较稳定,在强碱性条件下易被分解,海藻酸钠-铁(Ⅲ)凝胶球吸附铬(Ⅵ)的吸附等温线符合Langmuir型,最大吸附量为11.827 mg/g。利用海藻酸钠-铁(Ⅲ)凝胶球去除废水中的铬(Ⅵ)具有工艺简单、处理效率高、速度快等优点。     

控制光照条件下添加SO_4~（2-）对水稻土中Fe（Ⅲ）还原的影响

为探讨光照和硫酸盐对微生物Fe（Ⅲ）还原的影响,在光照和光暗转换条件下,采用厌氧泥浆恒温培育方法分别在四川和天津2种石灰性水稻土中添加不同浓度硫酸盐溶液（20、50、800mmol·kg-1）,培养过程中定期测定土壤泥浆的Fe（Ⅱ）、叶绿素a含量和pH值。结果表明：光照条件下,添加20mmol·kg-1和50mmol·kg-1硫酸盐能减缓光照培养中因为蓝细菌光合作用放氧引起的Fe（Ⅱ）氧化反应,Fe（Ⅱ）氧化反应启动时间与对照处理相比延迟3～7d;蓝细菌在光照培养5d后开始迅速繁殖生长,叶绿素a增长速率表现为随硫酸盐浓度增大而增加,其最终含量在四川和天津水稻土中分别为20mg·kg-1和16mg·kg-1;800mmol·kg-1硫酸盐则完全抑制了Fe（Ⅱ）的重新氧化,且在整个培养周期中没有发现光合细菌存在。pH值变化呈现先微弱下降后升高的趋势,但始终维持在弱碱性范围内。当由光照转入避光培养后,Fe（Ⅱ）累积量又重新回升,增长速率表现为对照〉20mmol·kg-1S处理〉50mmol·kg-1S处理。表明光照并非直接影响铁还原微生物,而是通过光合微生物繁殖间接影响铁还原过程。     

乙酰乙酸乙酯从盐酸介质中萃取铁的研究

用萃取法从盐酸溶液中分离Fe(Ⅲ ) ,采用常用的有机中间体乙酰乙酸乙酯为萃取剂 ,研究酸度、温度以及盐析剂等条件对萃取分配系数的影响 ,并对铁的反萃取进行讨论 ,从而确定最优萃取条件 ,为植物体内铁的萃取富集分离提供实验依据。     

埃及伊蚊免疫应答相关基因mapk-like的dsRNA原核表达及其饲喂后表达水平的变化

mapk-like是一种信号转导相关促有丝分裂激活蛋白激酶家族基因,与线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans)中参与抵御Cry毒素的p38 MAPK含有类似的模序,其是否参与埃及伊蚊(Aedes aegypti)抵御苏云金芽胞杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis, Bt)过程有待验证。为简便并大量获得RNAi验证所需的dsRNA,本研究利用RNaseⅢ缺陷型大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli) HT115高效和廉价的优点,根据已测序的促有丝分裂激活蛋白激酶家族基因mapk-like基因序列,设计特异性引物,PCR扩增大小为361 bp的目的片段mapk-like (GenBank登录号：AAEL003728-RA),将其连接到克隆载体pMD18-T上,利用限制性内切酶XbaⅠ和XhoⅠ将其插入到原核表达载体pLitmus28i的2个T7启动子之间,成功构建可诱导形成目的双链RNA (dsRNA)的原核表达重组载体pLitmus28i-mapk-like,并转化大肠杆菌HT115,经IPTG诱导,1 mL菌液的dsRNA产量可达1.18μg,电泳检测条带清晰,质量良好。此外,利用壳聚糖包裹dsRNA形成纳米微粒,上清经电泳检测表明,壳聚糖的聚沉效率良好,纳米微球可有效防止dsRNA从饲料琼脂块中游离出来,提高dsRNA的稳定性。埃及伊蚊幼虫摄取mapk-like基因的dsRNA后,相对转录表达水平为65.55%,表达量明显下调,饲喂效果良好。研究结果将有利于进一步筛选获得相关抵御基因,为建立一个基于RNA沉默防治蚊媒病的研究体系提供了基础资料。