Superfine grinding improves functional properties and antioxidant capacities of bran dietary fibre from Qingke (hull-less barley) grown in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China

The effect of particle size of hull-less barley (HLB) bran DF on antioxidant and physicochemical properties was investigated. HLB bran and extracted DF was ground by regular and superfine grinding, their particle sizes were determined using laser diffraction method. The results showed that superfine grinding could significantly pulverize DF particles to micro-scale; the particle size distribution was close to a Gaussian distribution. The soluble DF in HLB bran was increased effectively with superfine grinding. Insoluble DF with submicron scale showed increased total phenolic content (TPC), DPPH radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). With particle size reduction, the water retention capacity (WRC), swelling capacity (SC), oil binding capacity (OBC), and nitrite ion absorption capacity (NIAC) were significantly (p < 0.05) increased and the water holding capacity (WHC) had no significant change. A kind of health beneficial DF with higher soluble DF content, WRC, SC, OBC, NIAC and antioxidant activity was obtained using superfine grinding.     

射流水冷结构对离心泵性能影响的试验研究

与风冷系统对离心泵电动机进行散热相比,采用水冷系统能降低离心泵机组运行过程中电动机的噪声.为模拟水冷电动机冷却水的循环过程,设计了一种引射流装置,测试了去除电动机风扇前后离心泵机组在不同流量下噪声变化情况,研究了引射管径分别为6 mm和10 mm情况下离心泵的能量性能及空化特性.结果表明:相比较于风冷电动机,去除电动机风扇后泵机组随流量变化的系统噪声至少降低8.70 dB;引射管径为6 mm时能满足电动机的散热需要,对泵的性能和空化特性影响不大,并且在小流量工况下有改善泵驼峰的趋势;引射管径为10 mm时,泵的能量性能和空化特性变化较大,且在大流量工况下下降明显,这主要是由于引射管径太大,加大了泵的泄漏量,增加了其容积损失;引射管径为10 mm时,流量在0~15 m³/h范围内,泵扬程略有上升,关死点扬程提高了0.30 m.     

Surgical correction of periocular fat pads and entropion in a potbellied pig (Sus scrofa)

A 16-year-old Vietnamese potbellied pig was examined because of recurrent ocular discharge and reduced visual ability. Bilateral upper eyelid entropion and impaired vision secondary to periocular fat deposition were diagnosed. Surgical correction with excision of subdermal fat and redundant skin was performed to address both issues. Surgery restored vision and resolved ocular irritation. More than 1 year following surgical therapy the pig is visual and comfortable with no evidence of recurrent fat deposition or entropion.     

Anti-obesity activity of diglyceride containing conjugated linoleic acid in C57BL/6J ob/ob mice

This study was to investigate the anti-obesity effects of diglyceride (DG)-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) containing 22% CLA as fatty acids in C57BL/6J ob/ob male mice. There were four experimental groups including vehicle control, DG, CLA, and DG-CLA. The test solutions of 750 mg/kg dose were orally administered to the mice everyday for 5 weeks. CLA treatments significantly decreased mean body weight in the obese mice throughout the experimental period compared to the control (p < 0.01). All test solutions significantly decreased the levels of triglyceride, glucose and free fatty acids in the serum compared with control (p < 0.05). The levels of total cholesterol were also significantly reduced in DG and DG-CLA groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05). CLA significantly decreased weights of renal and epididymal fats compared with the control (p < 0.05). DG and DG-CLA also significantly decreased the epididymal fat weights compared with the control (p < 0.05). A remarkable decrease in the number of lipid droplets and fat globules was observed in the livers of mice treated with DG, CLA, and DG-CLA compared to control. Treatments of DG and CLA actually increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. These results suggest that DG-CLA containing 22% CLA have a respectable anti-obesity effect by controlling serum lipids and fat metabolism.     

山体库贮藏马铃薯淀粉、还原糖含量及淀粉酶活性的变化

为探讨甘肃省民乐县山体库贮藏对马铃薯品质的影响。对9个马铃薯品种不同贮藏时期淀粉、还原糖含量以及淀粉酶活性进行分析测定。结果表明：随着贮藏期的延长,大多数品种的淀粉含量表现为升→降→升→降,还原糖含量表现为升→降,淀粉酶活性表现为升→降→升→降;2月份是一个临界贮藏时期,淀粉含量降低到最低（12.68%~22.47%）,还原糖含量达到最高点（0.43%~2.41%）,淀粉酶活性降低到最低点（0.43~0.87 mg/(g? min)）。山体库有利于马铃薯的贮藏;‘青薯6号’和‘同薯23号’适合做菜用型品种,‘大西洋’、‘夏波蒂’和‘LK-99’适合做生产加工型品种,为了保证品质,最佳的加工时间在次年2月之前完成;淀粉酶活性和淀粉含量之间存在负相关,与还原糖之间存在正相关,淀粉含量和还原糖含量之间存在负相关,淀粉含量和还原糖含量之间处于动态平衡状态。     

巢湖流域减量施肥对番茄产量品质和土壤硝态氮的影响

为了研究巢湖流域适度减量施肥的可行性,笔者通过田间试验,研究了减量施肥配施氨基酸水溶肥料和微肥对番茄产量、内在品质以及氮磷钾吸收的影响。结果表明,减量施肥配施氨基酸水溶肥料以及微肥不仅能够保证番茄稳产,而且能对番茄的口感、植株的生长起到积极推进作用。与习惯施肥相比,85%施肥、75%施肥可使番茄产量分别提高24.3%、3.8%,65%施肥处理使番茄产量降低8.2%;使番茄果实中硝酸盐含量分别降低9.01%、6.12%、10.44%;使0~20 cm番茄收获后,土样中硝态氮含量分别降低58.34%、15.00%、40.99%;使0~20 cm番茄收获后,土样中有效磷含量分别降低32.04%、31.72%、30.69%。其中,以85%减量施肥处理效果最佳,达到番茄增产、减少养分流失的目的。     

硬质合金圆锯片的噪声及其降低措施

分析了硬质合金圆锯片的噪声来源、锯片噪声测量方法及降低噪声的措施,通过试验验证了降噪措施的可行性。     

茶多酚降低小鼠营养性肥胖的效果

为了考察茶多酚对营养性肥胖的减肥效果,参照<保健食品功能学评价程序和检验方法>对减肥试验的规定,用昆明种小鼠为试验动物,通过体重、脂/体比、脂肪细胞大小和饮食量等指标研究茶多酚对营养性肥胖的减肥作用.结果表明:茶多酚对小鼠营养性肥胖确有减肥作用;茶多酚常用剂量(200mL·g~(-1)·d~(-1))减肥效果不明显,中、高剂量(400,600mg·g~(-1)·d~(-1))才有显著的减肥效果:茶多酚进食前服用的减肥效果比进食后服用效果好.     

红枣醋和枳椇醋减肥降血脂作用研究

采用红枣醋、枳椇醋对小鼠进行试验,研究红枣醋和枳椇醋的减肥降血脂作用.结果表明,试验组小鼠血清总胆固醇和甘油三脂、动脉硬化指数、生殖器周围脂肪质量均较普通对照组及肥胖和高血脂对照组明显下降,而高密度脂蛋白却高于高脂模型组,说明红枣醋和枳椇醋均具有减肥降血脂的保健作用,且红枣醋减肥降血脂效果更好.     

章鱼胺对营养性肥胖小鼠减肥作用的研究

采用高脂饲料建立小鼠肥胖模型,以小鼠体重、Lee's指数、脂肪湿重、脂肪系数、血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TC)及高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)等指标的变化,研究章鱼胺对小鼠的减肥作用.结果表明,肥胖对照组小鼠较普通对照组小鼠的体重、脂肪湿重、脂肪系数、血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)及高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)含量均显著增加(P<0.05),表明营养肥胖模型构建成功;章鱼胺各剂量组及阳性对照组中小鼠的体重、脂肪湿重、脂肪系数、血清总胆固醇(TC)与模型组存在显著性差异(P<0.05),其中Lee's指数和甘油三脂(TG)的中、高剂量组与模型组存在显著性差异(P<0.05);章鱼胺对营养性肥胖小鼠有一定的减肥降脂作用.