Effects of puerarin on apelin-12, angiotensin II,NO and blood pressure in renovascular hypertensive rat

AIM: To investigate the effects of puerarin on blood pressure in renovascular hypertensive rats, and to measure puerarin-induced changes of apelin-12, angiotensin II (Ang II) and nitric oxide(NO), the factors related to development of hypertension. METHODS: Sixty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were used, of which 8 rats were randomly selected as sham operation group, and the remaining were used to make two-kidney, one-clip model. The rats that met the criterion for Goldblatt hypertensive rat model were randomly allocated into 5 groups: high-, middle- and low-dose puerarin groups, captopril group, and model group. The drugs were administered for 6 weeks. Blood pressure was measured every 2 weeks. Six weeks after treatment, all rats were sacrificed under deep anesthesia. Blood and kidney samples were collected. The level of apelin-12 in serum and kidneys was detected by ELISA. The level of Ang II in plasma and kidneys was measured by radioimmunoassay. NO level in serum was examined by nitrate reductase assay. RESULTS: Puerarin had an antihypertensive effect in a dose-dependent manner. Marked decreases in the level of serum apelin-12 in high- and middle-dose puerarin groups were observed(P<0.01). Puerarin at low dose did not cause obvious change in the content of apelin but still reached significant level (P<0.05). As the dose of puerarin went up, the level of apelin-12 in the kidneys was gradually decreased. Puerarin at high and middle doses obviously reduced the level of AngII in plasma, while purarin at low dose did not produce any significant effects. Puerarin at high and middle doses markedly increased the level of NO in serum, but puerarin at low dose did not induce any significant changes. CONCLUSION: Puerarin has an antihypertensive effect, and its mechanism may be related to inducing the changes of apelin, Ang II and NO, and regulating the balance among those factors.     

Response of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) to mulching practices under planted greenhouse condition

Mulch is considered a desirable management technology for conserving soil moisture, improving soil temperature and soil quality. This study aimed to investigate soil conditions and hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) performance in terms of leaf photosynthetic capacity, fruit yield and quality, and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) under such practices in greenhouse condition. A field experiment across 3 years was carried out with four types of mulch (without mulch [CK], wheat straw mulch [SM], plastic film mulch [FM], and combined mulch with plastic film and wheat straw [CM]). Mulch could improve soil physical properties regardless of mulch materials. FM and CM treatments improved soil moistures status and soil temperature in comparison to CK control, while SM increased soil water content and decreased soil temperature. Mulch increased leaf net photosynthesis rate (P_N), stomatal conductance to water vapor (gs), intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (E), but declined instant water use efficiency (WUEi). No significant effect of mulch application on chlorophyll fluorescence was existent for the entire growth season. Fruit yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) showed some increment under all the mulch conditions. Compared to CK, the yield was enhanced by 82.3%, 65.0%, and 111.5% in 2008; 38.1%, 17.4%, and 46.5% in 2009; and 14.3%, 6.5%, and 19.6% in 2010 under SM, FM, and CM conditions, respectively. Although FM produced better fruit quality than other treatments, CM is the recommended practice for hot pepper cultivation in greenhouse condition due to working well to facilitate soil condition (moisture and temperature), plant growth, and marketable yield.     

棉花早熟芽黄突变体叶绿素荧光动力学特性研究

以中棉所58及其航天诱变芽黄突变体为研究对象,利用快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学测定和JIP-test数据分析方法,研究了晴天条件下野生型(Wild type,WT)和突变体5个叶位叶片(倒1叶至倒5叶)的原初光化学反应的变化.结果表明,突变体倒2叶最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)最低,至倒5叶时恢复正常.突变体叶片较高的K点的...     

杂交稻新品种博Ⅱ优767海南规模化制种高产技术

介绍了三系杂交稻新组合博II优767亲本主要特征特性,从选好优势基地,合理安排播差期、确定最佳抽穗扬花期,培育健壮高产苗架、合理密植,科学施肥等方面介绍了杂交稻新品种博II优767在海南乐东县基地规模化春制种高产技术措施。     

湖北省谷城县天然林保护工程二期实施现状及建议

回顾了谷城县天然林资源保护工程二期实施现状,分析了天然林资源保护工程二期工程实施过程中存在一些主要问题,并结合该县实际情况,提出推进天然林资源保护工程二期实施的对策和建议,以期为天然林资源保护工程二期建设提供参考。     

盐胁迫对玉米幼苗的伤害与盐导致的渗透胁迫的关系

[目的]分析不同浓度的短期盐胁迫对玉米幼苗的生理伤害与盐导致的渗透胁迫的关系.[方法]以华农5号玉米为模式植物,设置5个盐浓度梯度(50、100、150、200、300 mmol/L),以0 mmol/L浓度处理作为对照,处理24h之后开始测量各项生理指标,连续测量5d.[结果]在低浓度盐胁迫下,玉米幼苗的各项生理指标与对照相比并没有明显的下降.当盐浓度达到150 mmol/L时,玉米幼苗出现严重的水分亏缺.玉米叶片叶绿素含量与幼苗水分含量变化基本一致,叶绿素含量在盐浓度达到150 mmol/L时出现明显下降.光系统Ⅱ的明显变化则出现在300 mmol/L盐处理组.[结论]低盐胁迫对玉米水分吸收的影响不大.玉米幼苗对盐的耐受浓度在150mmol/L左右,盐浓度达到150 mmol/L时幼苗开始出现明显的胁迫特征,各种水分生理指标下降,叶绿素含量降低.光系统Ⅱ耐盐能力较强,对盐的耐受浓度高达200 mmol/L,在盐浓度达到300 mmol/L时才出现明显伤害.     

亚比棉×单节显性系Ⅱ杂种F_1的遗传分析

为了把来自澳洲的野生种比克氏棉(G.bickii)的优良性状导入栽培种,提高植棉的经济效益,山西农业大学棉花育种组将亚洲棉(C.arboreum)与比克氏棉杂交,得到双二倍体,然后用该双二倍体与栽培种陆地棉(C.hirsutum)的单显Ⅱ杂交,获得三种杂种。对杂种F1及其亲本进行了形态学和RAPD分析。形态学观察表明,(亚洲棉×比克氏棉)×单显Ⅱ杂种F1分别具有亚洲棉、比克氏棉和单显Ⅱ的形态特征,其中,趋向于比克氏棉的性状占22.22%,如叶片的色泽等;5.6%的性状趋向于亚洲棉,如花药颜色;16.7%的性状表现为超亲性状,如花瓣的颜色。RAPD结果表明,15个引物对参试材料共扩增出117条DNA带,其中,有85条多态性带,占72.6%;在杂种中均检测到了亲本带与杂种的特异带;利用SAS软件中的类平均法对试验材料进行聚类分析表明,所有的参试材料聚为2大类。形态学观察、RAPD分析结果一致,比克氏棉的性状已被导入到单显Ⅱ中,(亚洲棉×比克氏棉)×单显Ⅱ为真正的三种杂种。     

塑膜保水集热对马铃薯种苗PSⅡ荧光特性和吸收光能分配的影响

为探讨寒旱区马铃薯高产高效栽培技术,以耐寒旱马铃薯品种陇薯3号和喜湿热品种LK99为材料,研究了塑膜小拱棚处理对马铃叶片叶绿素特性、PSⅡ荧光猝灭和吸收光能分配的影响。结果表明:塑膜处理后,两个马铃薯品种叶片叶绿素含量、叶绿素b/a、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ、ETR、qP和Pc较对照有不同程度升高,qN和Hd降低,Ex变化不大;这种影响对喜湿热马铃薯LK99表现更突出。说明塑膜提供的高温高湿环境有利于两种生态型马铃薯试管苗移栽和光合效能的提高。     

稻草生物质炭对3种可变电荷土壤吸附Cd（Ⅱ）的影响

按土重的3%和5%向采自海南和广西的3种可变电荷土壤中添加由稻草制备的生物质炭,混合培养30d后用一次平衡法研究了生物质炭对土壤吸附Cd(Ⅱ)的影响及其与土壤表面电化学性质的关系,旨在阐明生物质炭促进可变电荷土壤吸附和固定Cd(Ⅱ)的机制。结果表明,添加稻草炭显著提高了3种土壤的阳离子交换量(CEC)和土壤pH,并使土壤胶体Zeta电位向负值方向位移。因此,添加稻草炭增加了土壤表面的负电荷量,土壤表面对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附容量增强,使3种可变电荷土壤对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附量增加,且Cd(Ⅱ)吸附量的增幅随稻草炭添加水平的提高而增加。Freundlich方程和Langmuir方程可以拟合3种土壤对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附等温线,但Freundlich方程拟合效果更好,该方程表征吸附容量的参数k也随着稻草炭添加水平提高而增大。研究表明在pH3.0～5.0范围内,稻草炭均增加土壤对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附量。添加稻草炭提高土壤pH,促进Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附,因为Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附量随pH升高而增加。解吸实验表明,添加稻草炭处理Cd(Ⅱ)的解吸量高于对照处理,说明生物质炭提高了土壤对Cd(Ⅱ)的静电吸附量。     

G-CSF对急性心梗大鼠血浆和心肌组织中Ang1I和ET含量的影响

目的探讨粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）对急性心肌梗死（AMI）大鼠血浆及心肌组织中血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）和内皮素（ET）含量的影响。方法通过结扎冠状动脉前降支建立急性心肌梗死（AMI）大鼠模型,将大鼠随机分为G-CSF治疗组（GAMI组）、心肌梗死对照组（AMI组）和假手术组（SO组）,GAMI组模型制备后3h给予生理盐水稀释的rhG-CSF（浓度为2mg/L）皮下注射10μg/kg/d,共5d。AMI组和SO组3h后给予等量的生理盐水皮下注射,共5d。三组大鼠于急性心肌梗死模型制造成功后24h、1周和2周后检测各组血浆及心肌组织中AngⅡ和ET的含量。结果 24hAMI组与SO组血浆及心肌组织中AngⅡ和ET含量相比均有提高但只有心肌中ET含量有显著的差异（P〈0。05）。1周后AMI组与SO组血浆及心肌组织中AngⅡ和ET含量相比两者含量有明显增高（P〈0。05）。2周后AMI组与SO组血浆及心肌组织中AngⅡ和ET含量相比两者含量增加的更加明显（P〈0。01）。GAMI组血浆及心肌组织中AngⅡ和ET含量与相应的AMI组比较有明显的降低。结论 G-CSF能降低急性心肌梗死模型大鼠血浆和心肌组织中AngⅡ和ET的含量,G-CSF对AMI大鼠损伤心肌有保护作用。