浅谈农机行业学生能力的培养

本文在机械原理及设计课程的理论教学中，注重与实践紧密相关的课程设计大作业，布置相关零件的设计技术，使课后设计题目顺利完成。这样既系统巩固了工科多门课的业务理论．又直接提高了学生机械综合设计能力。     

籼粳亚种杂交组合的结实率与光合产物供给水平及转运效率间的关系

通过剪除部分颖花和部分功能叶片以及~(14)CO_2标记光合产物等处理,探讨了亚种组合结实率偏低的生理原因。结果证明:光合产物供给水平是制约亚种组合结实率的一个十分重要的因素。虽然亚种组合的叶面积指数和单株叶面积比常规籼稻大得多,但由于每穗颖花数多。以至每朵颖花占有的叶面积并无明显优势,且其光合速率低于常规籼稻,因而分配给每朵颖花的光合产物量相对减少,限制了部分颖花的发育。~(14)C光合产物分配到穗部的比率不但不低于常规籼稻,而且比其略高,说明亚种组合输导组织的运输能力不是结实率偏低的限制因素。     

云南光壳稻亲和性品种的筛选与鉴定

以ＩＲ３６等１１个灿稻品种和秋光等８个粳稻品种为测验种，对毫梅、毫秕等１２个云南光壳稻亲和品种的亲和谱和亲和力进行了鉴定。结果表明，在供试的１２个云南光壳稻亲和品种中，品种毫秕对１０个灿稻和７个粳稻测验种表现亲和，亲和组合百分率最高（８４．２％），亲合组合百分率在６０％以上的还有毫梅（７５．０％）和镰刀谷（６８．４％）；亲和力最好的是大白糯，其与灿、粳测验种表现亲合的各组合的Ｆ１平均小穗结实率为７     

播期对花生光合性能与产量影响的研究

以青花5号花生品种为材料,在田间地膜覆盖栽培条件下,系统研究了不同播期对花生光合性能和产量的影响。结果表明:不同播期对花生功能叶片光合性能和产量均有显著影响,叶面积系数、叶绿素SPAD值、净光合速率、产量均以4月30日和5月10日播种的较高,过早和过晚播种均不利于功能叶片光合性能和产量的提高。研究认为,在本试验条件下,5月上旬是花生获得高产的最佳播期。     

影响大学生体育欣赏能力的致动因素探究及对策

通过调查分析得出影响大学生体育欣赏水平的因素,并提出了提高高校学生体育欣赏能力的对策。     

Interspecific differences in early life‐history traits in a species complex of stream‐resident galaxiids

Fish differentially provision resources to eggs and larvae to optimise survival during the critical early life‐history period. Resource allocation is limited by a trade‐off between egg size and fecundity, and the optimal strategy varies with habitat type. This study examines the consequences of egg size differences for the early life‐histories of four closely related galaxiid species which occur in contrasting habitat types on the South Island, New Zealand. Headwater species had substantially larger water‐hardened eggs, longer incubation times, and newly hatched larvae were on average up to 41% longer than lower catchment species. Significant interspecific differences in gape diameter, eye diameter and myomere depth were also observed. Swimming ability was positively associated with larval length at hatch. Interspecific differences in length and swimming ability were generally maintained throughout the larval period, despite larvae being reared under relatively benign conditions where many other studies suggest initial differences should disappear. These results demonstrate the consequences of differential maternal provisioning to the egg for larval traits. The larger larvae of headwater species are likely to be more resistant to starvation and have improved foraging ability compared to lower catchment species; traits which are likely to confer them survival advantages in the low productivity, food‐scarce environments they occupy. The smaller larvae of lower catchment species are likely to be a consequence of females investing in fecundity in these relatively resource‐rich streams.     

基于克隆巴赫系数的大学生创业能力影响因素分析

以江苏高职院校为研究对象，通过宏观、中观和微观3个方面研究，构建了大学生创业能力影响因素模型。通过试验调查，找出影响大学生创业能力提升的薄弱环节和外部环境因素，提出11个创业能力要素，并采用克隆巴赫系数法进行分析，为制订与提升江苏高职院校大学生创业能力的策略奠定基础。     

Determination of Moisture Deficit and Heat Stress Tolerance in Corn Using Physiological Measurements and a Low‐Cost Microcontroller‐Based Monitoring System

In the southern United States, corn production encounters moisture deficit coupled with high‐temperature stress, particularly during the reproductive stage of the plant. In evaluating plants for environmental stress tolerance, it is important to monitor changes in their physical environment under natural conditions, especially when there are multiple stress factors, and integrate this information with their physiological responses. A low‐cost microcontroller‐based monitoring system was developed to automate measurement of canopy, soil and air temperatures, and soil moisture status in field plots. The purpose of this study was to examine how this system, in combination with physiological measurements, could assist in detecting differences among corn genotypes in response to moisture deficit and heat stress. Three commercial hybrids and two inbred germplasm lines were grown in the field under irrigated and non‐irrigated conditions. Leaf water potential, photosynthetic pigments, cell membrane thermostability (CMT) and maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) were determined on these genotypes under field and greenhouse conditions. Variations observed in air and soil temperatures, and soil moisture in plots of the individual corn genotypes helped explain their differences in canopy temperature (CT), and these variations were reflected in the physiological responses. One of the commercial hybrids, having the lowest CT and the highest CMT, was the most tolerant among the genotypes under moisture deficit and heat stress conditions. These results demonstrated that the low‐cost microcontroller‐based monitoring system, in combination with physiological measurements, was effective in evaluating corn genotypes for drought and heat stress tolerance.     

新形势下地方型高校园艺专业实践教学体系改革研究

针对园艺产业的多元化发展态势及其“设施化”、“专业化”、“集约化”的发展趋势,分析了当前园艺专业实践教学体系中存在的共性问题,提出地方型高校园艺专业实践教学体系应该从“学校-企业-社会-地方经济需求”四位一体进行构建,充分调研,实施“送出去请进来”战略,提高学生的专业学习兴趣,加强“校企联合”.     

省级农业科研院所创新能力评价指标体系构建

文章探讨了省级农业科研院所创新能力评价指标的选取原则，从科研创新基础能力、科研创新投入能力、科研创新产出能力、科研成果转移转化能力4个方面构建了评价指标体系，并提出评价计算方法，为省级农业科研院所科学评价科研创新能力提供参考。