几种代表性牧草对水牛泌乳高峰期生产性能的影响

将36头泌乳期、产奶量相近的水牛均分3组,探讨禾本科黑麦草、豆科紫花苜蓿、蓼科鲁梅克斯K-1三种牧草对泌乳高峰期生产性能的影响,结果发现,饲喂鲁梅克斯K-1分别比紫花苜蓿和黑麦草提高15.93%、13.14%的产奶量(P<0.05),以及6.09%、6.63%的乳脂率(P<0.01);而紫花苜蓿与黑麦草间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。故种植鲁梅克斯K-1适合我国农村散养水牛的小区放牧或舍饲补饲。     

稀有金属钨丝合股设备研制和改造

通过研制稀有金属钨丝合股设备 ,并根据实际运行情况 ,对设备进行改造 ,完善了其加工性能 ,提高了产品的经济效益     

Development of Chinese Near-isogenic Line of Rice and Their Differentiating Ability of Pathogenic Races of Blast Fungus

The rice( Oryza L. ) variety, Lijiangxintuanheigu(LTH), is a universally susceptible variety. A set of near-isogenic lines (NILs) of rice which has single resistance gene for each line was developed by use of LTH as recurrent parent and Kusabue,Tsuyuake, K1, PiNo. 4, K60 and BL1, which are from Kiyosawa‘s differential varieties(KDV), as donor parents. Differentiating ability of these NILs to Philippine isolates was compared with that of their donor parents, KDV and IRRI‘ s NILs. The results of comparative studies were as follows: (1) Differentiating ability of Chinese NILs to Philippine isolates was much stronger than that of their donor parents and that of KDV. (2) Chinese NILs had similar ability to differentiate races to IRRI‘s NILs or higher differentiating ability than them. But IRRI‘s NILs almost had no differentiating ability to isolates from japonica rice-growing regions. They can not be used to differentiate races of isolates from japonica ricegrowing regions. Whereas, Chinese NILs can be used to differentiate races of isolates from both japonica ricegrowing regions and indica rice-growing regions. It was concluded that the set of Chinese NILs can be used as international differentials.     

中国野生种毛葡萄光合特性的研究

毛葡萄（ＶｉｔｉｓｑｕｉｎｑｕａｎｇｕｌａｒｉｓＲｅｈｄ）的净光合速率日变化值明显高于山葡萄、宝石、白玉霓，且无栽培品种光合作用的“午休”现象。毛葡萄的净光合速率与其它野生种葡萄和栽培品种比较也表现出较高水平。在进行ＣＯ２饱和点和补偿点测定时，毛葡萄也较栽培品种白玉霓有较强的光合作用，因此，毛葡萄是葡萄高光合效率育种的优良野生种质资源。     

枣品种枣股有效结果年龄与丰产性的关系

根据枣股的有效结果年龄,把调查的125份枣品种分为4个类型:1～3龄枝结果为主;2～9龄枝结果为主;1～9龄枝结果为主和2～6龄枝结果为主,它们分别形成各类品种产量的85%以上。“1～3”型品种早果性强,早丰性好.但成龄树立体结果能力极差;“2～9”型品种早果性差,但开始结果后产量上升快丰产稳产:“1～9”型品种多数为小果型品种,虽早果性强,但早丰性差,盛果期树立体结果能力强;“2～6”型品种早果性较差,并有不同程度的大小年现象。     

挖土受损农田对冬小麦植株性状及生理参数的影响

研究了农田挖土1 m深后不同时段对冬小麦植株性状(地上部分生物量、子粒的各项指标、叶面积)以及生理特性的影响。结果表明:植株地上部生物量挖土后10年、6年与未挖土样地在抽穗后期大于抽穗前期,而挖土1年、3年后的样地则是抽穗前期大于抽穗后期;穗部性状(子粒干、鲜重、鲜样子粒体积)以及叶面积指数的变化趋势一致,且未挖土>挖土后10年>挖土后6年>挖土后3年>挖土后1年;灌浆后20天之内,灌浆速率的变化趋势为挖土后1年>挖土后3年>未挖土>挖土后10年>挖土后6年,之后则表现为未挖土>挖土后10年>挖土后6年>挖土后3年>挖土后1年。同时未挖土的光合速率大于挖土。研究结果显示,开挖农田严重影响了小麦植株的营养吸收量和干物质的累积量,限制了小麦同化物的合成能力,受损农田生产力的修复过程需要10年以上甚至更长的一段时间。     

Estimating Combining Ability of 4x-2x Crosses in Cultivated Potatoes

Progenies derived from crosses between Solarium tuberosum and 2n pollen-Producing diploid hybrids, exhibit obvious hybrid vigor. The 2n pollen-producing clone can act as a bridge in crossing S. tuberosum and S. andigena with S. phureja. Populations from 4x-2x crosses show more unifomity and less segregation compared with that of 4x-4x crosses. The parent-offspring correlation for the traits, starch content and tuber number, is significant at 0.01 level. The regrssion equations are Y (mp-F1)=1.0 1.2x and Y (mp - F1) = 5.3 0.8x, respectively. The 2n pollen-producing clones play an impotant role in increasing tuber stach content. Estimates of the combining ability for the main yield components indicate that additive effect prodominatcs for such trais as plot yield, tuber weight per plant and starch content, whereas both additive and non-additive effects lay equal stress on mean tuber weight and non-additive effect is important for tuber number. In general, non-additive effect appears to be important in     

辣椒主要病害抗性的配合力分析

本文用6个亲本,按(1/2)n(n-1)双列杂交法配制15个杂交组合,对辣椒TMV、CMV、疫病、疮痂病抗性进行了配合力分析。结果表明,不同亲本、不同病害抗性的一般配合力效应和不同杂交组合的特殊配合力效应差异较大,疫病抗性显性方差所占份量较大,加性方差所占的份量较小;CMV和疮痂病抗性是加性方差所占份量较大,显性方差所占份量相对较小;TMV抗性介于二者之间。不同病害抗性间所有一般配合力的相关系数均未达到显著水平;特殊配合力是CMV与疮痂病阃的相关达到了极显著水平,TMV与CMV间和疫病与疮痂病间的相关系数达到显著水平。     

素质教育应注重人的思维创新能力的培养和提高

本文论述了培养大学生的科学思维方式和提高他们的创新能力及其在素质教育中的重大意义。