Pollinator dispersal in an agricultural matrix: opposing responses of wild bees and hoverflies to landscape structure and distance from main habitat

Semi-natural habitats provide essential resources for pollinators within agricultural landscapes and may help maintain pollination services in agroecosystems. Yet, whether or not pollinators disperse from semi-natural habitat elements into the adjacent agricultural matrix may to a large extent depend on the quality of this matrix and the corresponding pollinator-specific life history traits. To investigate the effects of matrix quality on the distance decay of wild bees and hoverflies, six transects along vegetated field tracks originating at a large semi-natural main habitat and leading into the adjacent agricultural matrix were established in the Wetterau Region, central Hesse, Germany. Species richness of wild bees did not change with distance from the main habitat in landscapes with sufficient grassland cover in the surrounding landscape, but significantly declined when semi-natural grasslands where scarce and isolated in the adjacent agricultural matrix. Abundance of wild bees declined with distance regardless of matrix quality. Species richness of hoverflies did not decline with increasing distance in any landscape. Abundance even increased with distance to the main habitat independently of matrix quality. Thus, our data show that taxa of the pollinator guild may perceive landscapes quite differently. Because of their differing dispersal modes and resource requirements as compared to wild bees, hoverflies may play an important role in maintaining pollination services in agricultural landscapes unsuitable for bee species. Our results highlight the need for considering these taxon-specific differences when predicting the effect of landscape structure on pollinators. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

中国语境下主流媒体传播力评估模型及指标体系的构建

在对中国语境下主流媒体的内涵、主流媒体传播力解析的基础上，构建了一个主流媒体传播力的评估模型，并依据此模型，提出基于传播基础、传播能力、传播生态和媒介技术四个影响因素的主流媒体传播力的评估指标体系。     

认知语境在听力理解教学中的应用

英语听力理解是一个极为复杂的过程,它涉及文化背景、语言、认知、心理、语用推理等各个方面。本文从认知语境角度出发,即图式理论与语境理论的结合,寻求其与听力理解教学的内在关联,引导学生有效利用认知语境,提高听力理解能力,从而使听力理解得以升华,达到更深的层次。     

警察询问的会话结构特征分析

运用Halliday功能语法语境理论、Sacks的会话分析法和Martin的评价理论,从背景、会话结构特征和评价性词汇三方面对12例录音转写后的警察询问语料进行分析,发现:会话主要由问答相邻对构成,其间有被询问人提问的插入序列和警察的打断重复等提问策略;警察运用强势凸显词汇来追问聚焦事实真相,被询问人则选择弱势模糊词汇来弱化自己可能存在的过失。     

The quality of life of pet dogs owned by elderly people depends on the living context,not on the owner's age

Social and physical changes associated with human aging may influence the characteristics of the relationship between dogs and their owners and ultimately pets' quality of life. In view of the need of data on this aspect, this study examined the effects of owners' age on the quality of life of dogs. We compared parameters of dogs' quality of life (owners' care and attachment to them and pets' physical condition) between elderly and adult owners living in rural/suburban areas of 2 cities in Northern Italy. Within this context, the only finding was the lower degree of health care provided to dogs by their elderly owners, suggesting a lack of specific information about dog health care, rather than a general effect of the owners' age on the relationship with their pet. Dogs' quality of life parameters were also compared between elderly people living in rural/suburban areas and another sample of elderly people living in city centers. The latter were more attached to their dogs and provided them with a higher level of care. In conclusion, this study found very limited concerns about the adoption of dogs late in their owners' lives. However, in view of the importance of the living context of the elderly on their pets' quality of life, this aspect warrants further investigation.     

基于文脉、地脉的区域旅游形象设计研究——以乌兰布和沙漠旅游规划为例

沙漠作为干旱区特有的生态旅游资源,对其进行旅游业的开发有利于区域人地关系的和谐演进和全面推进区域的可持续发展。文中以内蒙古乌兰布和沙漠旅游规划为例,提出并利用基于文脉、地脉的区域旅游形象设计程序,对沙漠旅游这一地貌类型的旅游目的地旅游形象设计进行研究分析,立足于把基于文脉、地脉的区域旅游形象设计与形象功能体系结构纳入到旅游发展总体规划中,以期对其他类型旅游目的地的旅游开发有所启示。     

论何其芳现代格律诗的出发点

何其芳的“现代格律诗”提法，有两个纠缠在一起的出发点：其一它是一种很强的意识形态行为，承担了新政权在文化领域中的规训要求；其二它是一种被召唤的诗人个体行为。梳理清楚“现代格律诗”的出发点，会发现一个综合的何其芳。     

立足阅读、提高学生英语应用的综合能力——非重点院校公共英语教学方法探索

本文概述了阅读在英语学习中的重要性，阅读与听、说、写、译的关系:如何立足阅读，提高学生英语应用的综合能力;同时对非英语语言环境下如何调动学生学英语的积极性和主动性，提高教学效果作了探讨。     

儒家宗法、孝悌的道统观念及其生演

儒家道统观念是中国传统文化的重要内容，宗法和孝悌是儒家道统的两个重要命题。自周朝以来的封建社会，统治者皆利用由上古原始血缘氏族制演化而来的宗法家族翻度统治臣民，随着社会的发展，宗法家族制度在唐宋时又演化为家族家长制。     

现代建筑的新空间语境

建筑是美术艺术的空间体现,它是伴随着时代的发展和艺术的语境变化而不断变化的。因此就要求建筑师要用不断进取的手法和新的空间语境来阐释建筑风格和特色。