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41.
引进5种生物农药,以化学农药溴氰菊酯为对照,通过夏白菜生产中对虫口数量以及天敌情况的调查分析得出,生物肥皂见效快,是生产鸡毛菜的理想用药;激活蛋白药效最持久,用于生产栽棵菜较理想.另外,菜青虫繁殖速度较快,适时用药是确保施药效果的关键. 相似文献
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A 21-day laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of pesticides (Triazophos, Butaehlor and Jinggangmycin) on a paddy field soil health under controlled moisture (flooded soil) and temperature (25℃ ) conditions. The electron transport system (ETS)/dehydrogenase activity displayed a negative correlation with pesticides concentrations, and the activity was affected adversely as the concentration of the pesticides increased. The higher doses of pesticides,5 and 10 folds field rates, significantly inhibited ETS activity, while lower rates failed to produce any significant reducing effect against the control. The relative toxicity level of pesticides in decreasing the ETS activity was in the following order:Triazophos>Jinggangmycin>Butachlor, irrespective of their rates of application. The pesticides caused an improvement in the soil phenol content and it increased with increasing the concentration of agrochemicals. The pesticide incorporation did not produce any significant change in soil protein content. The response of biomass phospholipid content was nearly similar to ETS activity. The phospholipid content was decreased with the addition of pesticides in the given order of Triazophos>Jinggangmycin>Butachlor; and the toxicity was in the order: 10 FR (times of field rate)>5 FR>1.0 FR>0.5 FR>control. 相似文献
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Adsorption of ethoprophos, tetrachlorvinphos and etridiazole onto rock-wool was found to be much weaker than adsorption onto soils. The rates of transformation in water and in water plus rock-wool at 20°C were low. The concentration of etridiazole was measured in a nutrient-film system with recirculating nutrient solution. The decrease was rapid in the first few hours but was more gradual afterwards, to low values at 8 days after application. Etridiazole penetrated poorly into the lower part of a rock-wool system when the solution was trickled near the stem-base of the tomato plants. 相似文献
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利用8种不同类型的农药对美国白蛾3龄幼虫进行了致死效果试验。结果表明,4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油、25%高氯.辛硫磷乳油对美国白蛾致死速度最快,在36h的致死率均达100%。48%毒死蜱乳油、5.7%高氯.氟铃脲乳油在48h的致死率也达到了100%,3.2%阿维菌素乳油2000倍液在72h的致死效果达到了97.5%,0.2%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐乳油1000倍液在72h的致死效果达到了90%。而5%氟铃脲乳油和5%灭幼脲乳油在72h对美国白蛾的致死率较低,仅分别达到27.6%、42.2%。 相似文献
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对北京地区基本农田的土壤环境质量和污染状况进行了系统的调研,并对采样区农田土壤的环境质量按照国家标准进行了单因子评价和综合评价。结果表明,重金属的污染程度依次为Cd > Cu > As > Pb > Cr > Hg,Cd,Cu,As高于北京市土壤重金属背景值,Pb、Cr接近或略低于背景值,相比较而言,Cd污染为北京市基本农田中的主要污染元素。土壤中的农药残留的主要成分为滴滴涕。只有1处农田的Cd含量超过了国家二级标准限量,其余指标均低于二级标准。整体而言,北京地区的基本农田土壤环境质量属于清洁和安全范围,符合发展都市型现代农业的要求。 相似文献
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Soil samples with three fertilization treatments (no fertilizer, corn straw and farm manure) collected from a Lou soil (Eum-orthic Anthrosol classfied using Chinese Soil Taxonomy) in northwestern China were analysed for residual levels and their characteristics of organochlorine pesticides (α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH, HCB, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD, a-endosulfan, dieldrin and endrin). Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were detected in all soil samples except δ-HCH and their total concentrations ranged from 159.31 ± 9.00 to 179.77 ± 2.58 ng g-1 with an order of HCHs > DDTs > (dieldrin + endrin) > HCB > α-endosulfan. Among all the compounds, γ-HCH had the highest concentration followed by p,p'-DDE. The residual levels of HCH isomers and DDT as well as their metabolites in soil with different fertilization treatments were in the order of γ-HCH > β-HCH ≈ α-HCH > δ-HCH and p,p'-DDE > p,p'-DDT > o,p'-DDT > p,p'-DDD ≈ o,p'-DDE, respectively. DDE/DDT ratios ranged from 1.59 ±0.13 to 3.35 ± 0.16 and endrin/dieldrin ratios from 1.40 ± 0.06 to 9.20 ± 4.05, both indicating no new occurrence of these pesticides in these soils, while α-HCH/γ-HCH ratios of 0.04 indicated a new input of lindane (almost pure γ-HCH) in the past several years. The farm manure treatments showed lower DDT residues than samples without fertilizer. Also addition of corn straw and farm manure increased soil organic matter content and decreased the soil pH which could retard the degradation of DDT in the soil. 相似文献
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