应激大鼠视上核一氧化氮阳性神经元的变化及其针刺的影响

目的:观察应激致血压升高大鼠视上核一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元的变化及针刺足三里的影响,以探讨应激升压和针刺降压的中枢机制.方法:SD雄性大鼠,随机分为空白对照组、应激组和针刺组,每组30只.选用刺激脉冲随机变动的足底电击结合噪声刺激建立应激动物模型,对针刺组大鼠行疏密两种波针刺足三里.观察和比较各组大鼠下丘脑视上核一氧化氮合酶阳性细胞的形态、分布并进行计数.结果:应激降低大鼠视上核一氧化氮阳性神经元数量,视上核内一氧化氮合酶阳性细胞数在针刺组明显高于应激组(P＜0.05).结论:应激使大鼠血压升高,视上核一氧化氮阳性神经元数量减少,针刺可能通过增加应激大鼠视上核一氧化氮阳性神经元数量而产生降压作用.     

小粒裸燕麦(Avena nudibrevis L.)染色体组型分析

本实验对1-6-300/55小粒裸燕麦(Avena,nudibreris)进行染色体组型研究。采用根尖压片法观察鉴定该品种染色体数目为2n=2x=14是稳定的二倍体。对其染色体结构、功能、形态进行了研究。1-6-300/55的七对染色体中有4对为中部着丝点染色体(M),2对近中着丝点染色体(SM),1对具有随体的染色体(Sat),其染色体组型为:2n=4M+2SM+1Sat。没有近端和端部着丝点染色体。实验结果证明;该品种为二倍体小粒裸燕麦,确定了7对染色体的相对长度和着丝点,次缢痕的位置。它不同于我国二倍体裸燕麦,属于另一个种.为今后的燕麦分类,杂交育种提供了细胞学依据。     

雏鸡投射向外侧膝状体腹侧核的视顶盖细胞形态研究

鸟类的一些视觉信息经由视顶盖Ⅰ层细胞（Ⅰ细胞）传递到外侧膝状体腹侧核（nucleus geniculatus lateralis ventralis,GLv）,用于色觉、瞳孔反射和视觉运动.使用羰花青荧光染料DiI逆向神经标记技术研究了这些投射向GLv核的视顶盖Ⅰ细胞的形态特征.根据标记细胞的胞体和树突野大小及树突分枝特点,雏鸡投射到GLv核的视顶盖Ⅰ细胞可分为“矛状树突Ⅰ细胞”和“叉状树突Ⅰ细胞”,前者具有小型纺锤状的细胞体和垂直伸延的1支尖端树突,后者具有较大三角形或多角形的细胞体和多支上行性树突.多数标记树突的末端部水平分布于视顶盖F层,和终止于此层的视神经终末部的形态相一致.     

Nucleus tractus solitarius participates in regulation of paraventricular nucleus vasopressinergic neurons on gastric ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

AIM: To investigate the role of the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in the regulation of paraventricular nucleus (PVN) AVP-ergic neurons on gastric ischemia- reperfusion injury (GI-RI). METHODS: Male SD rats were used in experiments. The celiac artery were clamped for 30 min and reperfused 1 h by removal of the clamp to obtain the ischemia-reperfusion state. The mechanism was analysed with nucleus electrical stimulation, electrolytic lesion and nucleus microinjection technique. RESULTS: Microinjection of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) into PVN obviously attenuated the GI-RI and dose-dependent effects were observed (r=-0.477, P<0.05) ; NTS lesion or microinjection of AVP antagonist into NTS both eliminated the attenuate effect of electrical stimulation of PVN on GI-RI. The effect of microinjection of AVP into NTS was similar to microinjection of AVP into PVN. CONCLUSION: The NTS participates in regulation of PVN AVP-ergic on GI-RI, which is mediated by the AVP receptor in the NTS.     

Survival and growth of hatchery-produced postlarvae and spat of the Caribbean scallops Argopecten nucleus and Nodipecten nodosus

A study was made of the growth and survival of postlarvae and spat of Argopecten nucleus and Nodipecten nodosus produced in the laboratory and exposed to different conditions of settlement and culture. An evaluation was made of the different types of collection substrates (onion-bags, artificial-grass, fibreglass-plates), two types of settlement inducers (epinephrine, low temperature), and two culture environments (sea, laboratory). The results showed that larger numbers of postlarvae were obtained in artificial-grass collectors than on fibreglass-plates or in the onion-bags. The growth of the A. nucleus postlarvae was not affected by the collector type, while that of N. nodosus was higher on fibreglass-plates, and lesser in the onion-bags. Both thermal and chemical stimulation of the competent larvae resulted in recovery of a greater percentage of postlarvae. The growth of postlarvae of A. nucleus was better in groups exposed to the two methods of settlement induction, while those of N. nodosus remained unaffected by this treatment. The survival of the postlarvae and spat was greater in the laboratory than at sea except in the case of A. nucleus postlarvae attached to collectors, whose survival was similar in both environments. The growth of postlarvae and spat was greater in the sea than in the laboratory.     

马属动物尾状核内微量注入东莨菪碱对氦氖激光镇痛作用的影响

本文在国内外首次介绍马尾状核埋管术。200μg胆碱受体阻断剂—东茛菪碱注入单侧马尾状核,e-Ne激光引起的镇痛效应不同程度地受到阻断。     

“信息园艺学论坛”在成都举行

由《园艺学报》编辑部和中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所生物技术研究室共同发起和主办的“信息园艺学论坛”于2007年5月28～29日在成都举行。     

牦牛异种核移植显微操作针的制备

结合制备用于牦牛异种核移植显微操作针的经验,介绍了制备显微操作用针的具体方法,并对一些在显微操作针制作过程中可能出现的影响因素及其注意事项加以总结。     

几种作物病原丝核菌的比较研究

1984～1986年从田间采集的具有典型纹枯病症状的水稻、玉米、大豆、花生、小麦和立(木占)症状的棉苗等作物上分离的12个丝核菌菌株,从病菌无性时期的形态、细胞核、培养性状、菌丝亲和力、交互接种等诸方面进行了比较研究,结果表明,这些菌株均符合Darmeter等1965年所叙述的R.solani的形态特征,且幼龄菌丝中细胞是多核的,应视为同种,但不同寄主上的菌株在培养性状、菌丝亲和力、交互接种的感病情况仍存在一定差异,可视为不同类群,根据试验结果,初步提出了湖南上述作物水旱轮作换茬的种类布局,为栽培措施防病提供依据。     

奶牛腰荐尾段脊髓灰质神经核团的研究

本研究取８头新生黑白花奶牛的腰荐尾段脊髓，分节后用甲苯胺蓝或尼氏混合液块染，作石蜡切片。结果表明：奶牛腰荐尾段脊髓灰质存在１５个神经核团。背角有边缘核、胶状质、固有核、网状核和背核的大部分；中间带含背核的小部分、中间内侧核、中间外侧核；腹角包括荐副交感核、连合核、腹内侧核、背内侧核、腹外侧核、背外侧核、后背外侧核和中央核。本文尚把奶牛这些核团与其他一些动物和人的相应核团进行比较。