电阻电桥传感放大器性能的改善

在构成基本型电阻电桥传感放大器的基础上给出了三种改善其性能的方法。１）补偿法。２）补偿加放大器改进综合法。３）负反馈法。通过实验证明了理论分析和实际效果是一致的，从而对电阻传感器在非电量检测中的广泛应用具有一定的实际意义。     

微生物诱导剂浸种对小麦萌发期的抗旱诱导效果

试验结果表明,在正常供水和水分胁迫条件下,经微生物诱导剂处理,可增加小麦萌发时期的根冠比,而且在水分胁迫条件下的增加幅度大于正常供水条件。微生物诱导剂可在水分胁迫条件下促进根系生长发育,提高根系干物质积累。这些性状的改善有利于提高小麦的抗旱能力。但诱导剂处理后在一定程度上抑制了小麦种子萌发率以及小麦芽和根的伸长生长。     

Genetic Engineering Approaches to Pig Production*

Modern biotechnology promises a number of new applications in animal breeding and production. Although conventional pig breeding has achieved a high level of efficiency and productivity numerous problems have been encountered with animal health and the loss of meat quality. Selection based on phenotypic performance data of individual animals does not take into account the importance of specific genes and their relevance within a complex regulatory system. In most cases it is therefore difficult to trace back the genetic origins of clinically important disorders. The application of genetic engineering techniques in pig production will facilitate diagnosis, improvement of productivity, and animal health by allowing direct genetic manipulation. Attention must be focussed on the physical and genetic analysis of the procine genome. The isolation and characterisation of genes, DNA-markers, polymorphic DNA-fragments, and their chromosomal assignment will be important prerequisites and tools for the elucidation of genetic disorders. Especially the detection of heterozygous carriers of recessive disorders and their elimination from the breeding stock will increase selection accuracy and decrease the generation intervals. But also the rapid and simple detection of infectious diseases, which is sometimes difficult if not impossible at present, will improve animal health and welfare. Although the production of transgenic animals either by DNA-microinjection into zygotes or the use of embryonal stem cells manipulated in vitro is less straightforward than DNA-based diagnosis it will play an important role in the direct manipulation of the porcine genome and genes. Breeding programmes including the use of transgenic livestock have already been developed. There is no doubt that genetic engineering has reached a degree of practical feasibility, allowing it to play an important role in pig breeding in particular and animal production in general.     

鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫不同抗药性虫株的种内多态性研究

应用RAPD技术进行柔嫩艾美耳球虫4个单一抗药性虫株与1个敏感株的基因组DNA多态性分析，发现4个抗药性虫株及敏感株之间的相似值均大于99%；OPAO3引物对抗盐霉素株扩增出一条约500bp的特异条带，OPH02引物对抗克球粉株和抗盐霉素株均扩增出了约1kb的第三条主带，这些特异条带的出现很可能与球虫抗药性基因有关，有可能用于抗药性虫株的诊断与鉴定。     

苹果酸处理水稻种子对秧苗根系及抗寒性影响的初探

水稻种子经苹果酸处理后,淀粉酶过氧化氢酶和脱氢酶活性均有提高。其幼苗根系发达,根/茎叶比重增加。幼苗经5C冷处理后,超氧化物歧化酶活性和叶绿素含量虽表现出下降,但明显高于对照。丙二醛含量和电解质渗漏率比对照为低。苹果酸处理在一定程度上提高了水稻秧苗素质及抗寒能力。     

新一代驱虫抗生素—莫西菌素

莫西菌素同伊维菌素一样 ,是一种目前广泛用于兽医临床的广谱、高效、新型大环内酯类驱虫抗生素 ,是美贝霉素家族中的一员。由于其独特的理化性质 ,在国外 ,已被广泛用于治疗奶牛、猪等动物体内外寄生虫病。文章对莫西菌素的理化特性、作用机制、药动学、制剂、药效、耐药性、毒性、残留等进行了较详细地综述 ,同时也介绍了减少耐药性产生的一些方法 ,为该药能在国内应用提供第一手资料 ,以求为兽医临床用药提供参考     

寄生虫的抗药性管理

抗药性在畜禽寄生虫中普遍存在，且具有一些共同的特征。了解这些共同特征将会为寄生虫的抗药性管理提供一些新观点、新思路。本文着重讨论了寄生虫的抗药性问题，并对其共同特征做了描述；同时也论述了寄生虫综合管理方案，旨在通过总结一种寄生虫的综合管理方案，为其他寄生虫病的控制开辟一条新途径。     

2株柔嫩艾美耳球虫对5种抗球虫药的抗药性

选择130只21日龄雏鸡，研究了柔嫩艾美耳球虫（E.tenella)南京株和凤阳株对地克珠利（Diclazuril)、马杜霉毒（Maduramicin)、氯羟吡啶（Clopidol)、氯苯胍（Robenidine)和氨丙啉（Amprolium)的抗药性。试验鸡随机分成13组，其中每株球虫均设5个感染用药组，1个感染不用药组，另设1个不感染不用药组，每组10只鸡。以POAA，RLS，ROP，ACI作为指标。结果表明，2株柔嫩艾美耳球虫均对氨丙啉轻度抗药，对地克珠利敏感或轻度抗药，对氯羟吡啶中度抗药。对马杜霉和氯苯胍中度抗药或安全抗药。提示：目前在凤阳地区可合理地使用地克珠利和氨丙啉，对氯羟哟啶应慎用，对马杜霉素和氯苯胍须减少或暂停使用。     

木捆排排型参数对其运行水阻力影响的试验研究

本文研究了木捆排在无限水域中的运行水阻力问题,提出了排型参数(L/B)和(B/T)对木捆排运行水阻影响程度的试验数据和图表,探讨了降低木捆排运行水阻力的途径及措施。