Changes in the Relationship Between Temperature During the Seed‐Filling Period and Soya Bean Seed Isoflavones Under Water‐Deficit Conditions

Isoflavones have been shown to have health‐promoting activities in humans and are particularly abundant in soya bean. This study was conducted to determine how water deficit during seed fill affects the already known relationship between temperature and, alternately, solar radiation with soya bean seed isoflavone content. Isoflavone profile was analysed from seed samples of commercial cultivars grown in 76 environments in Argentina (29–38°S). Significant explanatory multiple linear regressions were detected for total isoflavones (TI), aglycones (AGL), glucosides (GLC), malonyl glucosides (MAL) and acetyl glucosides (ACE) regarding the following: temperature during seed fill (Tm_R5R7) and precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration during the reproductive period (pp‐PET_R1R7), as well as for the combinations of these climatic variables. Cumulative solar radiation predicted isoflavone content but was less robust than Tm_R5R7 and pp‐PET_R1R7. To our knowledge, this is the first report of changes in the relationship between TI, as well as AGL, GLC, MAL, and ACE and Tm_R5R7 as a function of drought in the field. When pp‐PET_R1R7 was below 70 mm (indicating drought), TI, as well as AGL, GLC, MAL, and ACE decreased linearly with rising temperatures and with increasing water deficit (decreasing values of pp‐PET_R1R7), with both climatic variables exhibiting additive effects on isoflavones. Our results also suggest that water deficit (estimated by pp‐PET_R1R7) would be important for modelling the relationship between temperature and soya bean seed isoflavones in rainfed crops.     

美洲黑杨与不同种源青杨杂种苗叶片和生长性状多水平变异研究

利用美洲黑杨50号为母本和青杨5个种源(各10个单株)为父本杂交,获得杂种F1代无性系,对此多水平杂交育种体系叶片和生长遗传变异进行了研究.结果表明,父本青杨种源间及种源内单株间均达到极显著差异,F1代无性系的种源间、种源内家系间和家系内无性系间存在不同差异.杂种F1代无性系扦插苗父本种源不同的杂交组合间和组合内家系间成活率差异不显著,1、2、3年生苗的生长性状在不同层次变异水平上差异显著或极显著,表明父本青杨种源间和种源内变异对F1代生长有显著影响,F1代无性系存在丰富的遗传变异,具有选择潜力.杂种F1代叶片形态与苗期生长性状间未发现有较大相关性.     

Temporal Variations of Flow–sediment Relationships in a Highly Erodible Catchment of the Loess Plateau,China

The flow–sediment relationship is important to understand the soil erosion and land degradation processes in severe eroded areas. This study researches on variations of streamflow, sediment load, and flow–sediment relationship on multi‐temporal scales (annual, flood season and, monthly scales) in a highly erodible catchment of Chinese Loess Plateau. The results demonstrated that the streamflow, sediment load, sediment concentration, runoff coefficient, and sediment coefficient all experienced evident reductions, and the decrease in the middle and downstream stations was more significant compared with the upstream stations. The land use changes and implementation of soil and water conservation measures played major role for the streamflow and sediment load reductions with respect to precipitation change, and the runoff coefficient and sediment coefficient linearly decreased with the percentage of conservation measure area. The runoff‐sediment yield relationship on annual, flood season, and monthly scales could be generally characterized by the linear function, and the slopes during the post‐change period was lower than those during the pre‐change period of sediment load. The sediment concentration–streamflow discharge relationship represented consistent form over the entire study period, and the logarithmic function was appropriate to describe the relationships on the three timescales. The decrease of sediment concentration contributed greatest (60·7%) to sediment reduction compared with runoff productivity of rainfall (30·2%) and precipitation (9·1%). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Online Controlling and Measuring System of Pulse Xenon Lumps

The controlling and measurement system of pulse xenon lumps adopts high precision L C constant current charger, which can charge the storage energy capacitors with high repetition precision and communicate with computer real time. The system adopts quantification transforming model to measure the signals, which can reduce the interference and distortion. The multi tenors working model, which is used in computer controlling system, realizes the controlling and detection real time.     

Enterprise''s Multi-dimensional Cost Analysis Based on OLAP

With the continuous development of modern scientific management of enterprise, the managers need to study enterprise's cost from all views including product customer department,etc., but there is still not a feasible accounting method to support it. This paper describes an efficient method of developing multi dimensional cost views to support enterprise's multi dimensional cost analysis by incorporating the knowledge activity based on costing and OLAP technology.     

多信息平台的农村药品安全及流通系统研究

针对农村药品安全及价格监管难等问题,借鉴多省市地区农村药品改革方案中的优点和经验,提出了一套更加完善的、基于多信息平台的农村药品安全及流通保障体系,并对其进行了可行性分析和研究。体系的核心是建立药品流通及信息反馈管理系统,系统融合农村药品供应子系统、药品监督管理子系统、电话短信查询及信息反馈子系统,结合多Agent技术对各个子系统的数据进行整合,达到在多平台下对信息的复用和管理。     

关于多场耦合问题的几个概念探讨

从湍流脉动的高阶关联项以及湍流的雷诺方程出发，指出了动量场、能量场、质量场等相互耦合现象可以湍流脉动关联项和时均项中同时存在，并提高了脉动合和时间均耦合的概念，指出了在引入湍流模型即对雷诺时均方程使用湍流统计矩方程进行了封闭后，动量，能量及质量之间的耦合现象可由时均耦合来描述。介绍了多相耦合的概念及求解耦合问题的基本思路和方法。     

碳减排环境下绿色供应商选择与订单分配问题研究

运用集成模糊环境下的DEMATEL、ANP、TOPSIS方法，综合考虑质量、成本、提前期、碳排放等经济和环境因素，构建混合模糊多准则决策模型对绿色供应商进行排序。运用加权模糊多目标线性规划方法对综合排序的供应商分配订单。结果表明，订单分配模型得出的结果会随着决策者对五个目标赋予的权重不同而有所差异；在增加少量成本的基础上，应用该集成方法可为企业选择数量最佳且碳排放较少的绿色供应商，并为其理性分配采购订单量提供参照，由此提高企业的碳减排效率。     

蔬菜和农作物的几种实用复种模式

为充分利用光、热等自然资源 ,提高土地利用效率 ,减少菜地病虫害的发生 ,介绍几种先进、实用的蔬菜与大田作物复种模式 ,以期对农民增产增收提供参考。