食料和温湿度对刺槐叶瘿蚊广腹细蜂寿命的影响

[目的]提高刺槐叶瘿蚊广腹细蜂的繁殖率。[方法]设置不同组合的营养源和不同梯度水平的温、湿度,研究其对刺槐叶瘿蚊广腹细蜂寿命的影响。[结果]葡萄糖、蔗糖、蜂蜜、清水较对照均能延长广腹细蜂的寿命,蜂王浆、酵母粉、牛肉膏较对照均不能延长广腹细蜂的寿命。在69%相对湿度下,18、23、33℃对广腹细蜂寿命均无明显影响,寿命在27～28h,显著高于28和38℃下的寿命（22和10h）。在温度28℃下,清水处理保湿、50%相对湿度、90%相对湿度条件下,差异不显著,但与80%、69%、61%、39%、31%相对湿度条件相比差异显著。清水保湿条件下,寿命为36h。[结论]食料和温湿度对刺槐叶瘿蚊广腹细蜂的寿命均有影响。     

小麦吸浆虫防治技术试验示范

试验示范在北京市通州区的10个乡镇中选择了2个具有代表性的地块(潞城镇卜落垡村麦田和县镇西黄垡村麦田)进行40%辛硫磷乳油、3%辛硫磷颗粒剂与40%辛硫磷乳油250 mL/667 m2+4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油50 mL/667m2、3%辛硫磷颗粒剂4.5 kg/667 m2+40%氧乐果乳油100 mL/667 m2的农药喷施前后对比试验示范。结果表明,蛹期防治加成虫期喷药防治的方法,能较好地控制小麦吸浆虫的危害。     

小麦吸浆虫不同时期药剂防治效果及筛选试验

为探索适合北京市通州地区防治小麦吸浆虫的有效途径,科学指导防治工作,在通州区进行吸浆虫蛹期和成虫期不同时期药剂防治技术试验,找出适合本地区防治小麦吸浆虫的最佳药剂和最佳时期。     

瘿蚊性信息素的研究进展

介绍了瘿蚊对农业造成的危害及其原因,讲述了瘿蚊性信息素的鉴定方法,分析了已发现的瘿蚊性信息素的化学结构,总结出瘿蚊性信息素是含有1~2个酰基的烷烃取代物,讲述了瘿蚊性信息素的田间生物学测定方法,并展望了我国瘿蚊性信息素的研究与应用前景。     

Status of Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and its parasitoid,Macroglenes penetrans (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), in Montana

The orange wheat blossom midge, S. mosellana (Gehin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a global pest of wheat (Tritium aestivum L.), has recently invaded Montana's Golden Triangle, an important wheat producing region. Unchecked, S. mosellana populations can quickly grow to damaging levels. In this study, we document the prevalence of S. mosellana and its main natural enemy, Macroglenes penetrans (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), in this newly invaded area of Montana, and compared the effects of irrigated versus dryland cropping systems on S. mosellana and its parasitoid. Different approaches to monitoring S. mosellana populations were examined, including pheromone traps for adults, collection of larvae from wheat heads, and overwinter sampling of soil to measure the levels of larvae and cocoons. Adults of the M. penetrans were surveyed through daily sweep net sampling. This study demonstrated that the emergence of M. penetrans was usually well synchronized with emergence of S. mosellana as the emergence of parasitoids occurred shortly after the pest with the highest peak (90%) at 26 June and 14 July, 2015, respectively. Irrespective of sampling techniques; pheromone traps or soil sampling, no significant difference was observed in population of S. mosellana between irrigated and dryland cropping systems. In contrary, cropping systems played a significant role in the abundance of parasitoids since the irrigated fields had significantly higher population of parasitoids (five times on an average) compared to dryland cropping system. The possible implications of these findings in monitoring of S. mosellane and the establishment of M. penetrans are discussed.     

小麦品种抗吸浆虫鉴定

１９９１～１９９４年利用一套较完整的田间抗性鉴定方法，对４４３个生产品种、后备品种及抗源进行了抗吸浆虫鉴定。结果表明，参试品种（系）对吸浆虫的抗性差异显著。高抗、中抗和低抗的品种（系）分别占参试材料的１３．１％、１２．９％和２８．１％，其中冀麦２３、２４和２５号、遗４１７９、４１５４、４１８８、郑太育一号等１８个品种（系）对吸浆虫连续几年表现出稳定的抗性。鉴定结果为生产和育种部门利用抗虫品种提供了科学依据。     

3种药剂对枸杞红瘿蚊土壤封闭药效试验

本试验于2001年6月，在室内就40％毒死蜱、30％乙酰甲胺磷、40％辛硫鳞3种药剂毒力及其对枸杞红瘿蚊防治效果进行试验检测，表明这3种药剂对枸杞红瘿蚊有显著的防治效果，可以在生产中应用。     

杉木球果瘿蚊危害性之初步研究

近几年发现的杉木种实害虫－杉木球果瘿蚊，它对杉木种子产量和质量影响很大。虫果和健果比较鲜重损失３６．６％，出籽率损失３４．９％，发芽势损失３８．６％，千粒重损失１４．４％，引起损失的主要原因是瘿蚊幼虫危害果鳞后引起果鳞畸形生长，阻碍种子的发育。     

尖眼蕈蚊的生物学及综防研究

本文对苏州地区常见的一种尖眼蕈蚊的形态进行了详细的观察 ,对其为害、生物学和生态学等方面作了研究 ,讨论了该虫的发生原因 ,并针对其发生规律和结合本地区菇农的生产实践 ,提出了相应的综合防治措施。