落花生,扁豆,黑大豆,绿豆和豇豆的生药学显微鉴定

本文记述了落花生、扁豆、黑大豆、绿豆、豇豆的显微特征,结果表明,5种药材的显微特征清楚,差异也比较明显。     

非共轴螺旋面钻尖角度的求解

根据钻头主刃和横刃上各种工作角度及后刀面尾隙角的定义，由新型钻尖（非共轴螺旋面钻尖）的后刀面模型和前刀面模型推导出了各种角度的公式，为利用软件进行新型钻尖的CAD系统开发提供了基础。     

单板层积材热效应的表征

单板层积材具有强度性能变异系数小、抗蠕变和阻燃性能好的优点,但也存在一些缺点,如单板层积材使用过程中遇到的分层开裂等.该文针对其缺点,做了关于单板层积材热效应表征的理论分析和推导.设定单板层积材主要由铺层和界面组成,根据复合材料细观力学理论及胶层和单板的弹性力学性质,采用材料力学分析方法推导出铺层纵向、横向热膨胀系数,单板和胶层热应力,及界面纵向、横向热膨胀系数.为单板层积材的实际生产使用提供一定的依据.     

溴氰菊酯对微小牛蜱的毒力测定和杀灭试验

溴氰菊酯对微小牛蜱未吸血幼蜱的半致死浓度（ＬＣ５０）为０．３６×１０－６，对未吸血成蜱的半致死量（ＬＤ５０）为４．６８７μｇ／虫，对饱血雌蜱的ＬＤ５０为６．８６８μｇ／虫；而敌百虫对未吸血幼蜱的ＬＣ５０为１７５×１０－４，对未吸血成蜱和饱血雌蜱的ＬＤ５０分别为１１１６和５２６６μｇ／虫．可见，溴氰菊酯对微小牛蜱未吸血幼蜱、未吸血成蜱及饱血雌蜱的杀蜱效果分别为敌百虫的４８６、２３８和７６７倍．现场杀蜱试验，采用５％溴氰菊酯水和剂１２．５×１０－４时．杀蜱率达９２％，３０×１０－６时达１００％杀蜱效果，对牛无副作用。     

绵羊精子提取物对卵母细胞的孤雌激活作用

研究了绵羊精子提取物对绵羊卵母细胞的孤雌激活作用,确定了绵羊精子提取物的最佳注射剂量,并将其孤雌激活效果与离子霉素联合6-DM AP法的激活效果进行了比较。结果表明,绵羊精子提取物对绵羊卵母细胞有孤雌激活作用,最佳注射剂量为每个绵羊卵母细胞注入2~4 pL浓度5~6 m g/mL的绵羊精子提取物;绵羊精子提取物的孤雌激活效果与离子霉素联合6-DM AP法的激活效果差异不显著。     

昌黎原产地域赤霞珠干红葡萄酒香气成分研究

为了对我国葡萄酒实施原产地域保护提供理论依据。采用溶剂微萃取法提取赤霞珠干红葡萄酒的香气成分,用内标法对检测峰进行半定量分析,经气相色谱-质谱并结合计算机检索技术对分离化合物进行鉴定。结果表明,赤霞珠干红葡萄酒中共分离出43个峰,鉴定出35种香气物质,其中醇类、酸类、酯类分别为8,9,14种,占赤霞珠干红葡萄酒香气成分总量的52.12%,12.32%,33.52%;香气成分相对含量排在前10位的分别为:苯乙醇、琥珀酸单乙酯、异戊醇、琥珀酸二乙酯、辛酸、2-甲基-1-丁醇、五氧四氢呋喃-2-羟基乙酯、2-羟基-3-甲基-琥珀酸二乙酯、3-甲硫基-1-丙醇、香草酸乙酯。35种香气成分的相对标准偏差均在10以下。说明采用的溶剂微萃取法准确度高,分析结果可靠,能真实反映葡萄酒香气成分的组成,适用于葡萄酒香气成分分析。     

半导体生物培养箱的研制

研制了一种利用半导体作为温控元件的生物培养箱.利用半导体体积小、传热速度快以及无噪声等优点,尝试将其作为生物培养箱的温控元件,并利用ARM开发板进行核心程序的设计,且使用液晶触摸屏进行温、湿度的实时监测,使得设计出的培养箱具有人机界面友好、操作简单等优点,并通过实验验证其具有良好的控制效果.     

一种智能型电导率仪的设计与研究

电导率仪是一种应用非常广泛的测量仪器。山西农业大学设计并通过省级鉴定的TYZ-3智能型综合土壤养分测试仪一部分的电导率测量系统是一种智能式系统。通过充分利用单片机的分析判断能力以及软件误差补偿校正优势。该系统不但能温度自动补偿和电容自动补偿，而且不需分档。经计量部门测试可达国家0.2级仪器的精度要求。可应用于农业、工业、环境保护部门。     

充分灌与调亏灌溉条件下苹果树微喷灌的耗水量研究

田间试验设置有两个处理：整个生育期以蒸发量的80％灌溉的充分灌处理；6月中旬到7月中旬以蒸发量的40％灌溉，而其它季节恢复以蒸发量的80％灌溉的调亏灌溉处理（RDI）。 试验得出了苹果树微喷灌在上述两种灌溉条件下不同生育期的日均耗水量与蒸发皿系数。与充分灌比较，调亏灌溉处理的产量基本上没有受到影响，而灌水量减少了17%～20％，耗水量减少了10.2%～11.2%，并有效地抑制了枝条生长。     

Spatial changes of soil solution and mineral composition in the rhizosphere of Norway‐spruce seedlings colonized by Piloderma croceum

Ectomycorrhizae (ECM) or the root‐fungal association in forest ecosystems provide a unique soil microenvironment where soil properties and processes differ from the bulk soil. In this study, we would like to better understand the role of ECM systems in mineral weathering and its implications to soil formation and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. Specifically, we would like to document the spatial variations in the composition of soil solution and mineralogy of the rhizosphere as influenced by the ECM of Norway spruce + Piloderma croceum. Two‐month‐old seedlings of Norway spruce (control and colonized by P. croceum) were cultivated in special rhizotrons designed to allow spatial collection of soil solution. We used A and C horizons of a Dystric Cambisol collected from Höglwald forest near Munich. Micro suction cups (5 mm x 1mm) were installed in colonized and control rhizotrons, and soil solution was collected from September to November 2000. Our results show that the concentrations of NH , Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ in the soil solution were lower in <1.0 cm than in >3.0 cm distance from the roots of Norway spruce, due to the possible range of influence of Piloderma mycelium reaching about 2–3 cm from the surface of the mycorrhizal root. In the rhizotron with soil from the A horizon, a higher phosphorus content in Piloderma‐colonized seedlings was observed. X‐ray diffraction data indicate that chlorite and possibly mica are being transformed to 2:1‐expanding clay minerals (probably smectite) within <1.0 cm distance from roots. The spatial variations in soil solution composition and mineral transformation are likely to be due to Piloderma colonization and concentrated mycelial growth within <1.0 cm distance from the roots. This is also evident in more intricate growth of mycelia on surfaces of micaceous minerals as compared to quartz. We assume that Piloderma modifies soil solution and mineralogy through acquisition of essential elements for its own survival and/or for the uptake by plant roots. However, the presence of spontaneous infection with wildtype ECM in the control plots may have altered the influence of Piloderma and must be taken into consideration when interpreting our results.