Improving the reproductive,immunity and health status of rabbit does using honey bee venom

The aim of the present study was to investigate the long-term effect of using bee venom (BV) on the reproductive performance, immune, and health status of rabbit does and its effect on their litters. Sixty mature does, from Spanish V-line rabbit stock, were randomly assigned to four homogeneous groups with 15 does each. The 1^st, 2^nd and 3^rd groups were injected twice weekly under the neck skin with 0.1 ml solution contains 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg BV/rabbit respectively. The 4^th group served as a control group. From the results, litter size at birth, litter weight and survival rate at weaning age as well as milk yield were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased in BV groups than in the control group. Serum estradiol 17-β (E2) was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher (15%) in the rabbit does treated with BV compared to the control group. The treated does with BV at any study doses showed a gradual and significant (p ≤ 0.05) decrease (12%) in serum progesterone levels (P4) compared to the control. They also showed a significant (p≤0.05) increase in conception (17%) and fertility rates (10%) compared to the control does. Treatment of rabbit does with BV caused a gradual and significant (p ≤ 0.05) reduction in both aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (16%) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (37%) liver enzyme activities. Additionally, results have shown that BV resulted in a gradual and significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC), antioxidative enzymes such as glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), serum IgG, IgM and IgA levels with significant (p ≤ 0.05) decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in BV groups compared to the control group. Results suggest that BV can be used in rabbit farming as an effective and safe alternative to artificial chemical drugs (sexual-stimulants) to improve certain reproductive traits, immune response and health.     

外源海藻糖对NaHCO3胁迫下甘草幼苗生长调节及总黄酮含量的影响

本研究以甘草无菌苗为试验材料,采用植物组织培养的方法,分析50 mmol·L^-1 NaHCO₃ 胁迫下外源海藻糖对甘草幼苗生长量、叶绿素含量、渗透调节物质含量、抗氧化保护酶活性和总黄酮含量的影响。结果表明： 50 mmol·L^-1 NaHCO₃ 胁迫显著降低了甘草幼苗的生长量、叶绿体色素含量、K⁺ 浓度、抗氧化保护酶（SOD、POD、CAT）活性和总黄酮含量,显著提高了丙二醛、脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量以及Na⁺浓度;施加15 mmol·L^-1 海藻糖可显著提高甘草幼苗的生长量,提高叶绿素含量、K⁺ 浓度和总黄酮含量,降低丙二酸含量、脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量和Na⁺ 浓度,并且提高抗氧化保护酶活性。因此,NaHCO₃胁迫下施加外源海藻糖对甘草幼苗生长具有良好的调节作用,可以增强甘草的抗碱能力,促进甘草幼苗生长。本研究为外源海藻糖提高甘草耐碱性和揭示其调控机制提供理论依据。     

The effects of transportation stress on Japanese quail (Coturnix Coturnix japonica) fed corn‐based diet in comparison with wheat‐based diet supplemented with xylanase and phytase

Harvesting, handling and transporting quails to the slaughterhouses, other farms and laboratories might covertly reduce their welfare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two major sources of energy in poultry nutrition on reducing transportation stress in Japanese quail (Coturnix Coturnix japonica). Male quails (n = 60) were divided into two groups. The first group was fed corn‐based diet, and the second was fed wheat‐based diet supplemented with xylanase and phytase. At the end of the experiment (day 35), quails were subjected to 80 km of transportation. Immediately on arrival and after 24 h, heterophil counts, lymphocyte counts and H:L ratios were measured. On arrival, H counts were lower, L counts were higher, and H:L ratios were lower for corn‐fed group. After 24 h, wheat‐fed group showed lower increment of H counts, greater increment of L counts and also decrement of H:L ratios rather than corn‐fed group which showed increment of H:L ratios. However, these ratios were still lower in corn‐fed group. Results indicate that corn‐based diets can help Japanese quail to better resist transportation stress, although it seems that feeding wheat‐based diets supplemented with xylanase and phytase could have positive effects for coping better with stress after journeys.     

CoCl2对Na2CO3胁迫下苜蓿幼苗叶片细胞膜的保护作用

本研究报道了CoCl2对Na2CO3胁迫下苜蓿幼苗叶片细胞膜的保护作用及机制,研究结果表明,在120mmol/L Na2CO3胁迫的前期,苜蓿幼苗叶片多胺含量及抗氧化酶活性显著升高,过氧化物酶除外,而活性氧水平、脂质过氧化程度和细胞膜相对透性无显著变化;当120 mmol/L Na2CO3胁迫延长至24~28 d时,乙烯产生速率大幅度上升,多胺氧化酶及二胺氧化酶活性显著升高,精胺、亚精胺和腐胺含量显著下降;抗氧化酶活性显著下降,活性氧水平与脂质过氧化程度显著提高,细胞膜稳定指数大幅度下降。在120 mmol/L Na2CO3溶液中加入CoCl2至50μmol/L,在胁迫的整个过程中乙烯产生被显著抑制,同时相对提高了抗氧化酶的活性,并在胁迫后期显著减轻了多胺氧化酶活性升高、多胺含量下降及脂质过氧化程度的增加,减缓了细胞膜稳定指数的下降,从而对Na2CO3胁迫下苜蓿幼苗叶片细胞膜表现出一定的保护作用。     

棉铃虫围食膜中Bt抗性相关蛋白的分离与鉴定

棉铃虫是世界性的重要农业害虫。围食膜作为昆虫抵御病原微生物入侵及有害物质的第一道天然保护性屏障,其上可能存在与Bt抗性相关的受体蛋白。本研究以Bt Cry1Ac抗性和敏感品系的棉铃虫围食膜为对象,采用NuPAGE电泳技术、配体杂交、质谱鉴定和生物信息学分析等技术,测定了围食膜蛋白含量,鉴定了蛋白质的组成及与Bt Cry1Ac毒素的结合能力。结果表明敏感品系围食膜中蛋白含量为22.19%,抗性品系围食膜中蛋白含量为26.99%。抗、感品系棉铃虫围食膜上存在与Cry1Ac毒素结合的6个差异蛋白,推测其中棉铃虫羧酸酯酶蛋白和血影蛋白是2个有意义的抗性相关蛋白,2个新蛋白可能参与Bt抗性。研究证明棉铃虫围食膜上存在Bt结合蛋白且与抗性相关,为进一步明确Bt抗性机制、制定合理的Bt抗性治理策略提供了理论依据。     

豆制品加工中黄浆水无害化处理技术研究

对豆制品中黄浆水进行超滤处理的工艺参数进行研究。用外加压管式膜组件对黄浆水进行了超滤试验,分析了液体分别在不同的温度、压力、流速、pH值等因素下对渗透流量和截留率的影响。通过正交试验,得到了处理黄浆水废液的最佳工况。实验结果表明,超滤处理黄浆水的最佳工况是:在压力0.15MPa下,用泵的最大流量对刚排放的黄浆水(温度55℃左右)进行超滤处理,可回收全部脂肪、75%以上的蛋白质和70%以上的总糖。回收后的浓缩物(或干燥物)可以作为饲料或经纯化后食用。     

Bubbleless Aerated Membrane Bioreactor for Ramie Degumming Wastewater Treatment

Through introducing the principle of bubbleless aerated membrane bioreactor, the traditional membrane bioreactor was improved. It could be obtained that the removal efficiency of COD and NH3 - N in bubbleless aerated membrane bioreactor increased 4% and 2% than that in traditional membrane bioreactor, respectively. Adopting bubbleless aeration as reflushing air which not only increased DO in the MBR, but also advanced the oxygen utilization, and the energy consumption decreased as well.     

STUDY OF DIGITAL SIMULATION FOR THE CIRCUIT ELEMENTS AND ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAYS COMMONLY USED IN RELAY PROTECTIVE DEVICES

This paper applies the Gear-4 algorithm to constitute the companion models lor the circuit elements and electromagnetic relays commonly used in relay protective devices. The interface computation, which describes the node equation of companion model and differential equation of mechanical moving part for the electromagnetic Jelay, is also presented. For the reason mentioned above, it makes possible* to solve more accurately the transient process of relay protective devices including electromagnetic relay using the companion model method. The simplicity and effectiveness of interface computation have been proved by the example calcultaion.