影响冻干乳酸菌存活性的相关因素

本文综述冻干乳酸菌发酵剂制备中相关因素对冷冻干燥和贮藏期间乳酸菌存活率的影响，包括内在因素、生长因素、非致死性处理、干燥介质、贮藏和复水等方面因素。     

雉鸡与星布罗肉鸡肌肉营养成分和组织学比较研究

雉鸡胸肌、腿肌中蛋白质含量高于星布罗肉鸡,而脂肪含量则低于星布罗肉鸡.雉鸡总氨基酸、必需脂肪酸、必需氨基酸及不饱和脂肪酸含量,以及Ca、P、Mg、Fe、Cu、Se含量均较星布罗肉鸡高.光镜下观察,雉鸡胸肌、腿肌的肌纤维排列紧密,而星布罗肉鸡的肌纤维间距较大.电镜下观察,雉鸡胸肌、腿肌的肌纤维间有大量脂肪组织和少量结缔组织,胸肌内线粒体数量大于腿肌;星布罗肉鸡胸肌、腿肌的肌纤维间含大量结缔组织和少量脂肪组织,腿肌内线粒体数量大于胸肌.     

兔肉的速冻

本文简单阐述了兔肉的速冻特点及规律 ,并对影响其质量的重要因素进行了分析 ,对兔肉的冷冻生产有指导意义     

沙子岭猪肥育性能与肉质特性研究

本试验选择16头沙子岭纯种仔猪,随机分成二组,分别饲喂不同能量、蛋白水平的日粮,探讨营养水平对沙子岭猪肥育性能与胴体品质性状的影响。结果表明:低水平和高水平组日增重分别为411.38g、445.75g,差异不显著(P>0.05);饲料报酬分别为4.82∶1、4.48∶1;每公斤增重饲料成本分别为6.60元、6.54元;胴体瘦肉率分别为44.59%、40.82%,差异不显著(P>0.05)。与国内地方猪种比较,沙子岭猪具有生长速度较快、屠宰率较高、眼肌面积较大、背膘较薄、瘦肉率较高的特点。     

Comparative study of the characteristics of the carcass and the meat of the Chato Murciano pig and its cross with Iberian pig, reared indoors

The Chato Murciano pig is a breed catalogued as a Special Protection breed in danger of extinction. At present it is commonly reared in an intensive system. We have studied the mineral composition and other characteristics of its carcass and meat. Samples from the Musculus longissimus lumborum were taken from a total number of 43 animals, divided into two groups, Chato Murciano and Chato Murciano crossed with Iberian, reared in a conventional indoor system. The resulting meat of the Chato Murciano pig and its cross with Iberian was especially rich in iron and copper, rich in phosphorus, and marginally poor in calcium and sodium. The evolution of the pH of the carcass was that of pigs which do not produce PSE (pale, soft and exudative) meat. Some relevant positive correlation coefficients between minerals (P ≤ 0.05) have been found.     

Impact of MYOD family genes on pork traits in Large White and Landrace pigs

Summary Porcine myogenic differentiation genes ( MYOD ) family play a key role in growth and muscle development and are therefore considered as candidate genes for meat production traits. The objective of the study was to investigate the polymorphisms at four loci belonging to the MYOD genes family and analyse their associations with variation in meat production traits in Czech pig breeds. To verify the associations between the polymorphisms and the selected meat traits, altogether 254 pigs, including full- and half-sibs, of Large White and Landrace breeds were tested. The studied meat characteristics were weight of neck, loin, shoulder and ham, lean meat content (LMC), backfat thickness, intramuscular fat (IMF), remission, dry matter content and test daily gain. Statistically significant associations were observed between MYOG gene and fat and neck weight, and between MYF5 gene and IMF and LMC. High significant differences were observed between genotypes AA and AB of MYOD1 in IMF and between genotypes AB and BB of MYF5 in loin weight.     

甜菜碱对育肥猪生长性能及胴体的肉质影响

试验选用30kg商品猪60头,随机分为4组,设1个对照组及3个试验组,试验组分别在对照组基础上每100kg日粮添加50g、100g、150g甜菜碱,探讨甜莱碱对育肥猪生长性能及胴体品质效果。表明,甜菜碱能有效地促进商品猪生长、改善胴体品质。添加剂量以每100 kg日粮中添加100g~150g甜菜碱较为适宜。     

莱芜猪胴体品质肉质特性及其随体重变化规律的研究

研究测定了25头莱芜猪的胴体品质和肉质特性,分析了莱芜猪胴体、肌肉品质随体重(35、40、50、60、70、80、90kg)的变化规律,为确定不同生长阶段的适宜营养水平和上市屠宰体重提供依据。结果表明,莱芜猪自35~90kg瘦肉率在42.43%~55.29%之间,肌肉pH值稳定在6.19~6.52之间,肉色指标优良,大理石纹评分在2.50~4.38之间,肌内脂肪含量在4.51%~19.92%之间;当70kg体重屠宰时,肌肉失水率较低为13.47%,肉色、大理石纹评分较高分别为3.5、3.38,肌内脂肪含量较高为11.54%。胴体和肉质性状间相关程度有强有弱,相关系数有正有负。相同性状间有较强的正相关,相反性状间有较强的负相关。综合分析试验结果认为,莱芜猪以体重70kg作为上市屠宰体重比较合理。     

贵州黄牛杂交F1代直线育肥技术研究

本试验采用6月龄左右的西门塔尔×关岭牛F1代10头、利木赞×关岭牛F1代10头、安格斯×关岭牛F1代10头进行了360 d的强度育肥饲养试验。结果表明，3种杂交牛平均体重分别为550、590、540 kg，平均日增重依序为1413、1485和1367g；每千克增重消耗饲料干物质分别为6.91、6.42、7.10 kg；每增重1 kg饲料成本分别为5.23、4.86、5.38元；净肉率差异不显著，分别为42.5 %、41.5 %和43.0 %。从而认为，贵州杂交黄牛通过直线育肥可以达到优质肉牛18～24月龄（即屠宰前）450～500 kg以上的生产性能。