蜜蜂化学通讯的研究进展

蜜蜂化学通讯是蜜蜂个体与蜂群密切联系的重要生理机制,维护蜂群的完整和功能。为了阐明蜜蜂化学通讯的内在机制,本文分别从蜂王与工蜂之间、蜂王与雄蜂之间、工蜂与工蜂之间、以及工蜂与幼虫之间的化学通讯出发,归纳了信息素的相应功能,指出了信息素介导蜜蜂进行高度复杂的社会性行为。随着蜜蜂信息素的进一步深入研究,将为今后广泛应用在养蜂业中,提供理论依据和技术支撑。     

不同发育时期柞蚕雌蛾粘液腺的组织形态学观察

【目的】对柞蚕雌蛾粘液腺的生长发育过程和组织结构特征进行研究,并分析其内容物成分,为阐明粘液腺分泌胶着物质的机理提供参考。【方法】通过解剖获得不同发育时期的粘液腺并制备组织石蜡切片,观察其形态特征及组织显微结构。【结果】随着发育阶段的推进,粘液腺形态呈现出逐渐增大趋势,至羽化前达最大。而粘液腺内容物的颜色亦发生了显著变化,由透明色逐渐变为深黑色。光学显微镜观察结果显示,粘液腺的分泌部和贮藏部横截面结构存在差异,前者具备分泌细胞的特征,而后者不具备。【结论】粘液腺的形态结构特征在不同发育时期及组织部位存在差异。     

黄粉虫雄性生殖系统研究

[目的]初步研究黄粉虫（Tenebrio molitor）的雄性生殖系统。[方法]以石蜡切片和HE染色观察分析黄粉虫成虫的睾丸与豆状附腺组织。[结果]黄粉虫雄性生殖系统由1对精巢、1对管状附腺、1对豆状附腺、1对输精管和1根射精管组成。黄粉虫的精子发生是一个动态的过程,精巢由数目巨大的精巢小管聚集盘曲组成,精巢小管中孕含着处于各个发育时期的生精细胞。[结论]为进一步研究黄粉虫生殖腺发育情况奠定基础。     

柴芍乳癖颗粒对乳腺增生兔模型B超声像及组织形态学的影响

目的 观察柴芍乳癖颗粒对乳腺增生病兔模型乳腺组织B超声像及组织形态学的影响。方法 56只健康未孕新西兰雌兔,随机挑出10只为正常对照组,肌注生理盐水;46只为模型制备组,序贯肌注雌孕激素造模。2组均随机处死1只雌兔,观察病理切片确定造模成功后,将模型制备组剩下的45只兔再随机分为5组：模型对照组、乳癖散结颗粒组、柴芍乳癖颗粒低、中、高剂量组。6组兔每天分别予以生理盐水、乳癖散结颗粒（0.56 g/kg）、柴芍乳癖颗粒（0.47、0.94、1.88 g/kg）水溶液灌胃1次,连续3月。末次灌胃 24 h后麻醉,用B超机采集第2对乳房的声像图,处死后取第2对乳腺组织,HE染色观察组织形态学表现,计数乳腺小叶腺泡数、导管上皮细胞层数、腺泡腔直径。结果 柴芍乳癖颗粒能使模型兔乳腺组织低回声区缩小,内部回声强度减低,其中高剂量组最明显;与模型组相比,柴芍乳癖颗粒低、中、高剂量跟乳癖散结颗粒均可明显缩小腺泡腔直径（P<0.01）,中、高剂量可以减少乳腺导管上皮细胞层数,低剂量还可减少乳腺小叶腺泡数（P<0.05）。结论 柴芍乳癖颗粒可以改善乳腺增生兔模型B超声像,减轻雌兔乳腺增生程度,治疗乳腺增生效果明显。     

克氏原螫虾大颚器在卵巢发育周期中的组织结构变化

在克氏原螫虾的卵巢发育周期中,大颚器的组织结构呈现周期性变化：大颚器逐渐增大,颜色由白色透明变为淡土黄色;细胞数目增多,细胞直径和细胞间隙增大;基膜逐渐形成并增厚;颗粒血细胞逐渐增多。到卵黄发生期,大颚器的这些形态结构变化到达顶峰。产卵后大颚器细胞解体;随着卵巢的重新发育,大颚器也重新发育。同时,在卵巢发育周期中,卵黄发生期大颚器细胞直径与卵母细胞直径的线性关系最为显著,相关系数最大,r＝0．926;大颚器细胞直径也最大,与其它时期相比都具有极显著性差异。     

1例东福利生羔羊放线杆菌病的诊治

放线杆菌为动物黏膜共生菌,当口腔黏膜或皮肤出现创口时侵入机体,引起发病,呈散发流行,但也可由于饲养管理不当造成大量动物发病,为养殖业造成极大的损失。针对2019年春季发生于呼和浩特地区某羊场的羔羊放线杆菌感染病例的临床症状、病理变化、实验室检查及鉴别诊断方法进行详细介绍,并提出相应的防控措施,以供兽医人员和养殖户参考。     

Effects of a primitive cotton accession on feeding ofspodoptera littoralis andhelicoverpa armigera and on oviposition ofBemisia tabaci

A primitive cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) accession, V-64, from the Caribbean Islands was bioassayed for antibiosis against pests of this crop in comparison with the commercial strains Acala SJ-2 and Pima S-5. V-64 reduced weight gain and leaf consumption ofSpodoptera littoralis andHelicoverpa armigera, and significantly reduced oviposition ofBemisia tabaci. The leaf pigment glands in V-64 were larger and more abundant than in the commercial strains, and the feeding ofH. armigera on these glands was avoided, indicating that the glands probably constituted the major resistance character in V-64. Contribution from the Agricultural Research Organization. No. 3187-E, 1991 series.     

Persistent isolated hypocortisolism following brief treatment with trilostane

A 12‐year‐old male neutered Miniature Poodle with confirmed pituitary‐dependent hyperadrenocorticism was treated with trilostane. After three doses, it developed clinical and laboratory changes suggestive of isolated hypocortisolism (‘atypical hypoadrenocorticism’), which persisted and progressed for more than 3 months despite immediate withdrawal of the trilostane. The clinical signs of hyperadrenocorticism resolved without further trilostane. After 3 months, prednisolone treatment was started and the clinical signs of hypocortisolism resolved. Prednisolone therapy was required for more than 1 year. Ultrasonography initially demonstrated large hypoechoic adrenal cortices, typical of dogs with hyperadrenocorticism, which then became small and heteroechoic, consistent with the development of adrenal necrosis. Persistent isolated hypocortisolism has not been reported previously as a complication of trilostane therapy. The case is also remarkable for the very short duration of trilostane therapy that elicited this complication. Clinicians should be aware that trilostane therapy may result in adrenal necrosis, even in the very earliest stages of therapy, but prompt action can prevent a life‐threatening situation.