施肥和耕作措施对大豆产量及其构成因素的影响

[目的]为提高旱地粮食产量和降水资源利用率提供科学依据。[方法]在全方位振动深松地块和常规中耕地块2个对照的基础上,设置氮、磷、钾3因素4水平试验,研究不同施肥、耕作措施对大豆产量及其构成因素的影响。[结果]通过田间试验发现,不同肥料处理,土壤经过全方位振动深松有利于提高大豆产量,而且增施氮肥和磷肥的效果更显著。振动深松耕作条件下,氮肥、磷肥、钾肥对大豆百粒重的影响依次是N〉P〉K,其中N2（167．3kg／hm^2）、N3（240．0kg／hm^2）、R（133．9kg／hm^2）、P3（192．0kg／hm^2）、K1（125．1kg／hm^2）、K2（200．8kg／hm^2）处理对大豆百粒重的增加效果明显;常规中耕条件下,氮肥、磷肥、钾肥对大豆百粒重的影响依次是P〉K〉N,其中P0（0）、P1（83．4kg/hm^2）、P1（133．9kg／hm^2）、K2（200．8kg／hm^2）处理对大豆百粒重的增加效果明显。[结论]合理配施N、P、K及全方位振动深松耕作技术对于保证大豆稳产、高产具有重要的意义。     

东胜区哈巴格希乡土地利用结构优化模式研究

[目的]研究鄂尔多斯市东胜区哈巴格希乡的土地利用结构优化模式。[方法]通过对鄂尔多斯市东胜区哈巴格希乡土地利用现状的分析,结合该乡的社会经济发展需求和有关规划指标,运用灰色线性规划模型求解出2010年的3种土地利用结构方案。[结果]从3种土地利用结构方案中选出经济、社会和生态效益均最大的方案2为哈巴格希乡2010年土地利用结构优化方案。[结论]方案2基本上实现了哈巴格希乡各种用地结构的合理调整,耕地、草地、林地、公共管理与公共服务用地、交通运输地、住宅用地、水域及水利设施用地面积分别增加了54.35、49.46、59.25、177.63、36.00、180.52和92.83 hm^2,该乡2010年的国内生产总值可达664512030.4元,人均纯收入达到1万元以上。     

瞬变电磁响应计算的并行算法研究

在MPI的分布式网络并行编程环境下,以电磁场理论为背景,对瞬变电磁响应计算中的问题进行了研究,并编程实现了一维水平层状大地的并行计算。计算结果证明了该算法的正确性、可行性和高效性。     

ELES模型在甘肃省城镇居民消费结构中的应用

根据2006年的甘肃省城镇居民家庭平均每人全年消费支出情况的统计资料,利用扩展线性支出系统(ELES)模型对当年甘肃省城镇居民家庭不同收入阶层的消费结构分别从边际消费倾向、需求的收入弹性以及需求的价格弹性方面进行了静态分析,揭示了甘肃省城镇居民的消费结构、生活状态以及各类消费品的消费量受可支配收入和价格变化的影响,据此发现甘肃城镇居民消费结构中存在的问题,并据此提出了扩大甘肃城镇居民消费的政策性建议.     

受梁端激励斜拉索的非线性振动响应

研究由梁端激励引起的斜拉索非线性振动响应问题.通过对索梁组合结构的边界条件进行了简化,推导了考虑索的初始垂度、几何非线性及受梁端激励的斜拉索非线性振动微分方程,运用多尺度摄动方法,对其可能发生的非线性振动进行了理论研究及数值分析,研究结果表明,在梁的低阶局部振动频率处于一定区域时,梁的小幅振动能够激发斜拉索的大幅度运动,影响大跨度斜拉桥施工过程中索梁组合系统的稳定性和安全性,对于一个给定阻尼和频率比的系统,足够小的激励幅值能够有效避免系统产生共振.     

中国农村居民消费结构的计量分析

运用扩展性支出系统对中国农村居民的边际消费倾向、收入弹性和价格弹性进行了定量分析。结果表明,近年来中国农村居民消费水平得到了普遍提高,但整体上尚未摆脱以生存性为主的消费模式;消费支出主要集中在食品、教育和居住方面。要提高农村居民消费水平,必须发展经济,提高农村居民的收入水平;加快改革,完善政府的宏观调控体系;改善农村的基础设施。     

病态线性方程组新解法：增广方程组法

为了简便求解病态问题,先构造适当的增广形式,再用常规方法求解,这时问题的病态虽然导致总体增广解的巨大误差,但原问题解只是其中一个局部,却可获得很好的精度,数值算例表明了算法的有效性.     

辣椒田侧多食跗线螨的空间分布及理论抽样数的确定

应用聚集度指标检验、线性回归方程检验,研究探讨了侧多食跗线螨混合种群的空间分布型。结果表明,侧多食跗线螨在辣椒田呈聚集分布,这种分布主要是由该螨的生物学特性决定的,且具有密度依赖性。在回归检验中,3种回归模型的拟合效果良好,但以Taylor（1961）的幂法则最优。     

Distribution,body length,and abundance of blue shark and shortfin mako offshore of northeastern Japan,as determined from observed pelagic longline data, 2000–2014

Longline surveys have been conducted in the Northwest Pacific Ocean from 2000 to 2014 using chartered commercial longline vessels. Each year, two cruises were conducted offshore of northeastern Japan from mid‐April to mid‐June. For each longline set during the surveys, onboard scientists collected detailed biological information about the species caught, such as the size and sex, and recorded the catch numbers for all species. Blue shark (Prionace glauca) and shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) have eurythermal distributions, but the application of a generalized additive model (GAM) showed that the sea surface temperatures (SSTs) at catch sites positive for shortfin mako were warmer than those for blue shark. On the basis of the GAM, the probabilities of occurrence of both sharks differed by size category: small sharks had a narrower SST range than that of large sharks. Most catches of both sharks were juveniles, and the nominal catch rate of blue shark was more than 10 times that of shortfin mako. The standardized catch per unit effort (CPUE) for both species was calculated using a generalized linear model (GLM) with negative binomial errors, or a delta‐lognormal GLM. The standardized CPUE for blue shark in the second quarter of the year peaked in the mid‐2000s and then decreased, but it has been increasing since 2012. The CPUE for shortfin mako in the second quarter generally increased, with fluctuations.     

Modelling the effects of dietary methionine level and form on postprandial plasma essential amino acid profiles in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquafeed formulation is susceptible to affect amino acid (AA) availability for metabolic functions. Statistical models were applied to quantify the effect of dietary methionine level (from 6.01 to 16.17 g kg^?1 dry matter) and form (free, coated or bound) on postprandial concentrations of plasma essential amino acid (EAA) in rainbow trout. Twelve diets were formulated with pea and soya protein concentrate or fish meal as the main protein ingredients and were supplemented or not with increasing amount of either crystalline or agar‐coated methionine. Fish were acclimatized to one of the 12 diets for 6 weeks before postprandial plasma sampling (six sampling points up to 36 h, seven fish each time), further analysed for EAA content. Using generalized additive models, we show that (i) dietary methionine level and form explained 74% postprandial methionine plasma variations and that (ii) the methionine dietary form and plasma concentrations significantly affected the plasma concentrations of the other EAAs. Finally, linear model revealed a positive relationship (R² > 0.9) between plasma concentrations of the three branched‐chain AAs under the present experimental conditions. The results obtained add new information on the dietary effects on EAAs in the plasma availability and the interactions between them.