火山石和改性凹凸棒土对初沉单元净化效果的影响

为了对养殖尾水处理系统中沉淀单元净化能力进行优化，以改性凹凸棒土（Al@TCAP-N）和火山石作为研究材料，利用显微观察和比表面积测定研究其净化机理，以TN、TP、COD_Mn的浓度和去除率为检测指标，研究初沉单元中两材料的净化模式、运行参数和回收利用能力。结果显示，Al@TCAP-N具备较大比表面积（28.58 m²·g^-1），微生物难以附着；火山石比表面积较小（10.9 m²· g^-1），适宜微生物附着。将两者复合使用并添加外源微生物，0~48 h水质净化效果最佳，此模式对TN、TP和COD_Mn的去除率分别可达41.25%、45.31%和54.97%。深入研究该模式的运行参数，结果显示两种材料最适合的复配质量比为1∶1，复配时最适添加量为1 g·L^-1，且微生物直接投加于水体中的净化效果好于固载于材料上。对使用后的净化材料进行研究，发现净化材料能够通过简单的冲洗、烘干重复利用，并且每克材料最多可富集201.73 μg氮和34.98 μg磷，具有潜在的资源化利用价值。研究表明，将净化材料与外源微生物联用，能够有效、实用地增强养殖尾水沉淀单元水质净化效果。     

Idiopathic aplastic anemia in a dog

A case of idiopathic aplastic anemia in a dog was characterized by pancytopenia and bone marrow aplasia. Erythroid colony-forming units (CFU-E) were not detected in bone marrow culture. Addition of the dog's serum to CFU-E culture from control dogs failed to suppress colony formation, suggesting that humorally-mediated suppression at the CFU-E level was not a cause of the aplastic anemia.     

论翻译单位的两个阶段——“句本位”和“篇本位”

翻译单位经历了词层、句层和语篇层三个阶段,此过程体现了翻译研究从静态到动态、从形式到功能的发展趋势。笔者从语言学角度探讨翻译单位“句本位”的局限性及“篇本位”的合理性,指出只有从语篇的层面研究翻译,才能全面、忠实地传递原文信息。     

Computed tomography is a feasible method for quantifying bone density in Macaca mulatta

Osteopathologies are a result of advanced age and decreased bone density and represent a global health problem. It is therefore important to generate models for longitudinal studies of the pathophysiology in order to improve early diagnosis and develop preventive therapies. For this kind of research, the use of computed tomography (CT) to evaluate bone health offers advantages over other techniques since it provides more complete information. The aim of this prospective, pilot study was to obtain measurements of the left femur from a population in captivity of 32 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in order to standardize the model for future research. Healthy subjects from 5 to 28 years old were chosen. Three groups with different ages were formed as follows: (1) 5–9 years, (2) 10–19 years, and (3) 20–28 years. Semi‐automatic segmentation by threshold defined the regions of interest, which were subdivided in the range of 300–700 Hounsfield units (HU) for trabecular bone and >700 HU for cortical bone. Then, the proportional ratios of the volumes of trabecular bone and cortical bone were obtained. Significant differences (analysis of variance test) in the averages of Hounsfield units, cortical, and trabecular bone proportions from each age group proved that a decrease in bone density begins at approximately 20 years of age. The values presented here, as well as the method to obtain them from CT scans, can be used as a baseline in a primate model for long‐term research in bone pathology diagnosis and treatment.     

Downstream effects of hydroelectric dam operation on thermal habitat use by Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and Slimy Sculpin (Cottus cognatus)

Hydroelectric dams can alter downstream water temperatures, impacting thermal habitat available for fishes. Decreases in river water temperatures resulting from hydroelectric dam operations may be beneficial to coldwater species and could potentially offset warming resulting from climatic trends. We used two coldwater fish species, Slimy Sculpin (Cottus cognatus) and Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) to assess the impact of a cool water draw below a 15 MW hydroelectric dam on fish thermal habitat use relative to a nearby naturally flowing river. Cooler water temperatures below the dam corresponded with significantly cooler mean growth season temperature use for Slimy Sculpin, but not Brook Trout, relative to the natural river. As well, mean growing season temperature use by Slimy Sculpin was significantly cooler relative to Brook Trout in both rivers, and significantly different amongst studied sites in the regulated river. Fish condition was significantly correlated with temperature use for Slimy Sculpin in the naturally flowing river only. Our results indicate that manipulating river water temperatures through hydroelectric dam operations to benefit multiple fish species will be difficult given the complexity of riverine thermal habitat and species‐specific differences in thermal preferences and behaviour.     

ICU患者深部真菌感染影响因素分析

目的 探讨重症监护病房（ICU）患者深部真菌感染的临床特点及相关危险因素,为ICU患者的治疗提供建设性意见.方法 收集整理近2年来在我院ICU住院治疗的305例患者的临床疾病资料,分为真菌感染组和非真菌感染组,采用卡方检验及logistic回归比较分析影响患者深部真菌感染的危险因素.结果 确诊真菌感染的患者56例（18.36%）.最常见的菌株为白色念珠菌（46.43%）,其次为光滑念珠菌.除了广谱抗生素和糖皮质激素的长期使用、有创性治疗等常见易感因素外,年龄、吸烟、肥胖和高血压亦是深部真菌感染的独立危险因素.结论 ICU患者深部真菌感染具有发病率高、危险因素多样化等特点,医务工作者务必加深对此病的认识,尽早针对深部真菌的易感因素进行干预及加以重视,方能降低患者的感染率.     

生物质能发电厂串级用水技术应用

针对当前我国大力发展生物质能发电可再生新能源中生产环节用水状况进行了详细的分析,通过对生产运行中各个环节的水质实测数据统计,寻找到一条可以合理降低生物质能发电厂单位发电量水耗指标的串级用水技术路线。     

加强农业科研单位工程建设管理的做法与思考

文章以江苏省农业科学院为例,介绍了基于计算机软件Java平台开发出来的工程建设管理系统,详细阐述了该系统4个子平台(工程信息录入平台、工程实施单位管理平台、综合管理平台、后台管理平台)的功能,如工程立项网上申报、招标文件网上审批、评标结果网上公布、经费支付网上联动审签,以及工程建设进展状况在线查询、各类已建在建工程项目数据统计等功能,并指出该系统具有提高工程项目管理的科学化水平、提高制度执行力、提高监督管理的有效性等现实意义,以期通过该系统的开发和应用,提高农业科研单位工程建设管理水平,有效预防工程建设领域里腐败发生。     

离心泵弹性柱销联轴器不对中振动特性研究

简化建立一种离心泵机组联轴器不对中的振动模型,并建立数学模型,依据动力学基础知识推导振动方程。结合实测离心泵实验台的轴承振动数据,分析离心泵机组联轴器不对中的振动特性,并提出相应的故障诊断方法。     

Effects of logging, liana tangles and pasture on seed fate of dry forest tree species in Central Brazil

We assessed seed fate of six tree species in a seasonally deciduous forest of Central Brazil. Seed germination, predation, removal and death caused by pathogens or dessication were followed in an undisturbed forest site, a logged forest site, and an active pasture. In both forest types we sowed seeds under patches of liana tangles (Low Forest habitat) and under patches of mature forest (High Forest habitat). Seeds were monitored weekly for up to 8 months. Overall, small-seeded species (Astronium fraxinifolium and Tabebuia impetiginosa) had high germination, although germination was lower in the pasture due to insect predation. The hard-coated seeds of Erythrina sp. had higher germination rates in the pasture. The large-seeded Cavanillesia arborea and Swartzia multijuga had high seed removal (ca. 90%) in the pasture and under High Forest, but only 23–34% under Low Forest in the logged site. Lower removal of large seeds in Low Forest suggests that this habitat conceals the seeds and constrains the movement of large mammals. Both species were favored in Low Forest, suggesting that caution should be used when managing lianas. When protected from predation, seeds with a soft coat and high water content, such as the seeds of Eugenia dysenterica and S. multijuga, died from desiccation in the pasture. Restoration efforts must take into consideration high mortality caused by desiccation or insect predation in abandoned pastures of dry forests.