捕食线虫性真菌菌种保存技术的研究

本试验对捕食线虫性真菌菌种保存技术进行了研究,测定了在不同介质保存条件下,捕食线虫真菌分生孢子和菌丝的存活情况及其不是寄生性线虫的能力.结果表明:在设定的保存条件下,分别经过1周冷冻融化或2周反复冷冻融化,被保存的分生孢子接种于玉米粉琼脂培养基上能生长发育:在加入线虫第3期幼虫后,能生产捕食器,对虫体发挥捕食作用.     

腐蚀管道剩余寿命的性能衰减模型研究

管道在长期的运行过程中，由于介质和土壤的腐蚀性，管材的微塑性变形、结构转变和渗氢等。不仅会使管道出现各种腐蚀损伤，而且还存在着老化效应和氢化作用，导致管材的脆变并改变材料的塑性，使机械性质参数发生衰退，从管材性能衰减和腐蚀损伤角度研究了管道的剩余寿命，提出了根据结构承载能力的极限值确定塑性变形时工作寿命的方法，为了确定剩余使用寿命，对剪切损伤率和屈服性能比等概念进行定义，在掌握管材金属剪切损害率和屈服性能比的时间特性基础上，建立了剩余寿命计算模型。并给出了算例。     

Effects of Benzyl Adenine and Abscisic Acid on Grain Yield and Yield Components in Triticale and Wheat

Grain yield and yield components (grains per ear, grain weight, 1000-grain weight, ear weight, ear seed ratio and dry matter partitioning between ear and seed) were examined in a wheat genotype (PBW-343) with well-filled grains and a Triticale genotype (DT-46) with poorly filled grains (showing grain shrivelling) grown in pots. Six days after anthesis (DAA), benzyladenine (BA) @2 µg ear⁻¹ and abscisic acid (ABA) @4 µg ear⁻¹ were injected at the base of the mother shoot ear in both species. It was observed that, in both wheat and Triticale , BA increased the grain weight, grain number and partitioning of dry matter between ear and seed, whereas ABA decreased the grain weight, grain number and dry matter partitioning between ear and seed. However, these decreases were slower in Triticale than in wheat. BA treatment increased the grain dry matter accumulation, which in turn resulted in better filling of grains and increased the grain weight in both wheat and Triticale . The average grain weight of Triticale was lower than that of wheat. Thus, it appears that variation in grain weight between wheat and Triticale might be due to different availabilities of growth-promoting phytohormones such as cytokinins and assimilates.     

Tresca和Mises与双剪应力屈服理论的几何比较

本文在文献[3]的基础上，在σ2-σr坐标系中用几何法定量比较了Tresca和Mises与双剪应力屈服理论。     

Mid-storage and pre-sowing seed treatments for lettuce and carrot

Mid-storage hydration-dehydration treatments with medium-vigour lettuce seed very effectively reduced physiological deterioration in storage and ultimately showed better field emergence and final yield. Soaking-drying treatment of high-vigour lettuce seed was not effective. Pre-sowing treatment of medium-vigour lettuce seed, though less effective than mid-storage treatment, gave better field performance, but high-vigour seed did not benefit from the treatment. For carrot, both mid-storage and pre-sowing seed treatments proved beneficial, with the former showing better performance than the latter. Unlike lettuce, well-preserved carrot seed responded positively to the pre-sowing treatment.     

集雨限灌对旱作马铃薯产量及水分利用效率的影响

在大田条件下研究了集雨有限补偿灌溉对旱区马铃薯产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,补灌能显著提高旱作马铃薯的产量、水分利用效率和经济系数。与对照相比,补灌处理产量增幅在3.99%~21.21%之间,苗期补灌产量高于薯块膨大期补灌,苗期补灌45 mm具有超补偿效应,补灌90 mm具有高补偿效应。低定额补灌有利于水分利用效率和灌水利用效率的提高,且苗期补灌高于薯块膨大期补灌。补灌明显降低了薯块小薯率而提高了大薯率和中薯率,另外单株薯重也提高了,单株薯重与大薯率对马铃薯的产量贡献最大。综合分析认为苗期补灌45 mm和90 mm是最优补灌方案和备选方案。     

陕西关中东部灌区施用氮磷钾肥对夏玉米产量的影响

对陕西关中东部灌区夏玉米施用氮磷钾肥进行了研究,结果表明:施用氮磷钾肥能显著增加玉米产量,是夺取玉米高产的有效措施。氮磷钾肥对玉米产量和经济性状影响的顺序是:N>P>K。     

不同栽培密度对秋大棚黄瓜生育期及产量的影响

试验以黄瓜为材料,采用随机区组设计,研究了不同栽培密度对秋大棚黄瓜生育期及产量的影响。结果表明,当栽培密度为4000株/667m2时,产量和产值都达到最高。     

棉花不同时期去叶源对库源关系影响的初步研究

通过对棉花不同时期去主茎叶、叶枝叶、果枝叶和全部叶片的研究,初步探讨了棉花叶源对库的影响.结果表明:无论蕾期还是盛铃期,叶片是棉花光合产物的主要来源,没有叶片棉花就不能正常生长,也很难保证其产量;不同部位的叶片中,主茎叶的作用显著,蕾期去主茎叶后株高日增长量减少0.5 cm以上,干物质积累明显下降,盛铃期则导致棉铃大量脱落,成铃平均减少2个以上;去果枝叶的作用相对较小,去叶枝叶几乎无影响.     

海东地区荒山荒坡三种治理措施的效果对比研究

对治理荒山荒坡常用的封育、补播、重新建植三种方法进行了对比、调查和分析。结果表明,采用补播措施治理荒山荒坡是较为有效的途径,也是合理开发利用荒山荒坡、尽快恢复植被、控制水土流失和改善生态环境经济实用而又可行的方法。