The Effects of Dietary l-Carnitine Supplementation on Semen Traits,Reproductive Parameters,and Testicular Histology of Japanese Quail Breeders

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of supplemental dietary l-carnitine at different levels on semen traits, reproductive parameters, and testicular histology in male Japanese quail breeders. Forty-five 5-wk-old male Japanese quail breeders were fed the same basal diet that was supplemented with 0 (control), 250, or 500 mg of l-carnitine/kg of diet. There were no significant effects of dietary l-carnitine supplementation at different levels on BW, feed intake, testes weight, fertility rate, hatchability rate of set and fertile eggs, and malonaldehyde production (μg/mL of semen) of male Japanese quail breeders. However, the supplementation of dietary l-carnitine at levels of 250 or 500 mg/kg to a basal diet significantly increased sperm viability and decreased multinucleated giant cells per testes in mature male Japanese quail breeders. Additional studies are required to explore the antioxidant role that l-carnitine has in Japanese quail breeders.     

温度对皖西白鹅种蛋孵化率的影响

选取存放4d的皖西白鹅种蛋5866枚,随机分为3组,在其他孵化条件相同的情况下,分别设定不同的孵化温度。结果表明:第1组受精蛋孵化率平均为75.30%,第2组平均为74.25%,第3组平均为62.85%,第1组与第2组受精蛋孵化率差异不显著,第3组受精蛋孵化率分别与第1组、第2组受精蛋孵化率均差异显著(P<0.05)。     

Albendazole treatment in laying hens: Egg residues and its effects on fertility and hatchability

This work characterized the egg residual concentrations of albendazole (ABZ ) and its sulphoxide (ABZSO ) and sulphone (ABZSO ₂) metabolites and evaluated their effect on egg fertility and hatchability after ABZ treatments to laying hens. Seventy hens were allocated in groups: Group‐1 was the control without treatment; Group‐2 received a single ABZ oral dose (10 mg/kg); Group‐3, ‐4 and ‐5 were treated with ABZ in medicated feed over 7 days at 10, 40, or 80 mg kg^?1 day^?1, respectively. Eggs were analyzed to determine the ABZ /metabolite level by HPLC or subjected to incubation to evaluate the fertility and hatchability. Only ABZSO and ABZSO ₂ metabolites were quantified in egg after ABZ single oral administration with maximum concentrations of 0.47 ± 0.08 and 0.30 ± 0.07 μg/ml, respectively. ABZ and its metabolites were found in eggs after 7‐day ABZ treatments. The egg residue exposure estimated as AUC s (areas under the concentration vs . time curve) were 100.5 (ABZ ), 56.3 (ABZSO ) and 141.3 μg hr g^?1 (ABZSO ₂). ABZ administration did not affect the egg fertility at any dosages. Egg hatchability was not affected by ABZ treatment at 10 mg/kg in medicated feed, but it decreased when the dose was 4–8 times higher. These results should be considered when ABZ is used for deworming laying hens.     

In ovo feeding of carbohydrates for broilers—a systematic review

The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence that the injection of carbohydrate‐based solutions into embryonated eggs improves broiler performance. A literature search was conducted in April 2017 using the keywords broiler, carbohydrate, in ovo, nutrition and poultry. Only papers that involved in ovo carbohydrate injections in poultry were used in this study. After specific selection criteria, 17 papers were selected. The quality scoring system of the selected studies was based on the injection methodology, use of control groups, type of solution injected, period of injection, egg and hens characteristics, number of variables analysed and the statistical design. Among papers, there was no standardised procedure in to inoculate the solutions. Nevertheless, in general, in ovo feeding of carbohydrates decreases the hatch rate, improves the hatch weight, but it does not seem to influence the post‐hatch performance of broilers. The inoculation of 75 mg of glucose in the albumen seems to bring better results. Further studies are needed to improve the technical methodology of in ovo injections for commercial use.     

长江斑鳜的人工繁殖和苗种培育研究

长江斑鳜（Siniperca scherzeri Steindachner）的催产和受精卵孵化受天气、温度和水温影响较大。长江斑鳜的种质资源锐减,本研究有利于保护长江斑鳜的种质资源,人工繁殖采用人工催产、自然受精和人工孵化的方法。选择团头鲂幼苗为长江斑鳜幼苗的开口饵料,随后以鲤和团头鲂的夏花为主要饵料鱼,辅以从江河中捕获的野杂鱼夏花。在不同水温条件下,效应时间和受精率明显不同。当水温在（20±2）℃时,效应时间约为32h,受精率大于80%;水温低于18℃时,效应时间明显延长,受精率也较低;水温20～24℃     

Dietary oils influence ovary and carcass composition and embryonic development of zebrafish

To evaluate the effect of different dietary lipids on zebrafish reproduction, we examined parameters including ovary and carcass composition, oestradiol (E2) levels, eclosion rate and embryonic development. In our study, zebrafish were subjected to a 5‐month feeding trial whereby olive (OLV), linseed (LIN), fish (FIS) or corn (CRN) oil were used to compose four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets. A positive correlation was found between ovary EPA and whole‐body E2 concentration (P = 0.005). The developmental dynamics was affected by dietary lipids and embryos from CRN treatment females; which had higher percentage of ARA in ovary (1.48 ± 0.44%) (P = 0.015), developed faster at 8–9 h postfertilization (hpf) than the ones originated from females receiving other diets (P = 0.0069). This effect was not sustained during later observation periods, suggesting ARA may act as a modulator of developmental dynamics only during initial phases. There was no clear effect of dietary lipid source on ovary protein content (P = 0.304) and eclosion rates at 72 hpf (P = 0.0623). Dietary fatty acids play an important role in reproductive outcome; however, additional studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanisms by which HUFA affect embryonic development.     

鸡蛋品质的营养调控

通过营养调控鸡蛋品质是近年来鸡营养研究的热点之一 ,本文综述了影响鸡蛋品质指标 (蛋重、蛋壳质量、蛋黄颜色、营养价值、孵化率 )的营养因素。     

种蛋部分物理性状对樱桃谷鸭孵化率的影响

通过测量樱桃谷鸭种蛋的主要物理性状指标即蛋形指数和蛋重,统计入孵蛋、受精蛋和孵化出壳蛋数,探讨了种蛋部分物理性状与孵化率的相关关系。结果表明,樱桃谷鸭的蛋形指数在0．72-0．77、蛋重在81．6-90．5g范围内的孵化率较高。说明樱桃谷鸭种蛋的物理性状对孵化率有着重要的影响．过圆、过长、过重及过轻的种蛋都不宜入孵。     

口服LHRH-A_3对溆浦鹅种鹅产蛋性能、种蛋品质及孵化率的影响

240日龄健康溆浦鹅种鹅180羽,随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复12羽,1组为注射组(每隔10 d注射LHRH-A3,10μg/羽),另外4组分别口服(拌料饲喂)0、5、10、15μg/羽LHRH-A3.经21 d预试和60 d试验,结果显示:口服10μg/羽LHRH-A3,溆浦鹅产蛋率显著提高;各口服处理组蛋品质、受精率、孵化率和健雏率无显著影响.     

若干环境因子及抗菌素对平鲷受精卵孵化率的影响研究

平鲷受精卵孵化时的最适水温为22℃,最适盐度为27.6‰,最适pH值为8.00。青霉素或氯霉素的浓度为1.0—1.5mg/时,可提高平鲷受精卵孵化率10％—20％。平鲷受精卵的孵化密度为10—20×104粒/m~3时孵化率较高。