Cytogenetic studies in wheat XVII. Monosomic analysis and linkage relationships of gene Yr15 for resistance to stripe rust

Summary The highly effective stripe rust resistance gene, Yr15, derived from Triticum dicoccoides, was located in chromosome 1BS. Yr15 showed linkage of 0.30 (34 cM) with Yr10 and 0.07 with the centromere. Yr15 was preferentially transmitted relative to its alternate allele.     

内蒙古地区3个马品种ELA-DRA* exon2的PCR-SSCP分析

为了检测内蒙古地区3个马品种ELA_DRA*exon2的多态性,通过PCR_SSCP技术内蒙古地区3个马品种(三河马、锡尼河马和巴尔虎马)各50匹的ELA_DRA*exon2进行检测,用12%非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳将已变性的PCR扩增产物分离,并用银染法显色。结果表明,150匹马中共出现6种基因型:3种纯合子分别记为AA,BB和CC型,均为3条带;3种杂合子分别记为AB,BC和AC型,均为4条带。其中A等位基因频率最高,B次之,而C只在三河马中出现。因此说三河马ELA_DRA*exon2的多态性比锡尼河马和巴尔虎马丰富。     

Experimental study on anti-endotoxin activity of a tetrahydropyrimidine derivative,ZL-5015

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of 1, 3-dicyclopentyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4, 5-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester (ZL-5015) on lethal endotoxin-challenged mice and to explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS: Mouse model of lethal endotoxin challenge and endotoxemia were established by intraperitoneal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a dose of 70 mg/kg to the C57BL/6J mice. Mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with LPS (10 mg/L) were used as an in vitro inflammatory model. The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Real-time PCR was used to evaluate the mRNA expression of the cytokines. RESULTS: Prophylactic treatment of the mice with ZL-5015 (100 and 200 mg/kg, ig) slightly increased the survival rate, extended the survival time, decreased the serum levels of IL-1β and TNF-α, and increased the serum level of IL-10 in the early stage of endotoxemia as compared with model group. The results of in vitro study demonstrated that treatment of the endotoxin-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages with ZL-5015 (10, 20 and 40 μmol/L) inhibited the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α at both mRNA and protein levels but promoted the expression of IL-10 at both mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSION: The tetrahydropyrimidine derivative ZL-5015 shows a moderate anti-endotoxin effect by increasing the survival rate and extending the survival time of the mice challenged by endotoxin, which may result from inhibition of the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α, and promotion of the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.     

水稻优质、高产、多抗新品种“珍富10号”的选育及推广

直接从韩国引进并筛选出来的水稻新品种“珍富10号”，主要具有优质、高产、多抗、高效以及外观晶莹剔透等特点，是发展绿色大米，促进生产与经济效益相结合的首选品种之一。     

利用宇宙成因核素10Be,26Al估算流域侵蚀速率的原理与应用

地表侵蚀是地貌演化的外营力。定量估算地表侵蚀速率,探讨其与构造活动,气候变化的响应和反馈是地学研究的重要课题之一。利用河流阶地沉积物或盆地沉积物宇宙成因核素（10Be and26Al）可获取流域万年尺度平均侵蚀速率时间序列,弥补了热年代学获得的百万年平均剥露速率和水文观测获得的年代级侵蚀速率之间的环节。地表及其附近岩石中的矿物的原子核受到来自外层宇宙空间的高能宇宙射线粒子的轰击,发生核反应而产生放射性核素,然后被快速埋藏,不再接受宇宙射线辐射。总体上,它们在地表的暴露时间短暂,宇生核素含量低,埋藏后宇生放射性核素随时间流逝而衰减。利用10Be和26Al估算流域古侵蚀速率基于此原理,通过测试河流沉积物或盆地沉积物的年代,结合10Be浓度,进而估算流域的平均侵蚀速率。应用宇生核素方法研究流域侵蚀速率,具有采样简便,精确度高,应用范围广等优势,可以反映更大时间尺度和更广空间尺度上的侵蚀速率变化情况,利用10Be和26Al等核素方法对第四纪至全新世的地表演化进行研究正成为一种重要的研究方法。     

植酸酶根特异表达载体的构建及大豆转化

应用PCR方法分别从胡萝卜基因组中扩增出96bp的外展蛋白信号肽编码序列片段,从拟南芥基因组中扩增出1454bp的pyk10启动子片段,用RT-PCR方法从无花果曲霉（Aspergillus ficuum3.4322）中扩增出phyA基因,长1347bp。然后,分别克隆到pMD18-T载体。应用已设计的限制酶切位点,通...     

Soil CO2 efflux vs. soil respiration: Implications for flux models

In the long term, all CO₂ produced in the soil must be emitted by the surface and soil CO₂ efflux (FCO₂) must correspond to soil respiration (R_soil). In the short term, however, the efflux can deviate from the instantaneous soil respiration, if the amount of CO₂ stored in the soil pore-space (SCO₂) is changing. We measured FCO₂ continuously for one year using an automated chamber system. Simultaneously, vertical soil profiles of CO₂ concentration, moisture, and temperature were measured in order to assess the changes in the amount of CO₂ stored in the soil. R_soil was calculated as the sum of the rate of change of the CO₂ storage over time and FCO₂. The experiment was split into a warm and a cold season. The dependency of soil respiration and soil efflux on soil temperature and on soil moisture was analyzed separately. Only the moisture-driven model of the warm season was significantly different for FCO₂ and R_soil. At our site, a moisture-driven soil-respiration model derived from CO₂ efflux data would underestimate the importance of soil moisture. This effect can be attributed to a temporary storage of CO₂ in the soil pore-space after rainfalls where up to 40% of the respired CO₂ were stored.     

希拉穆仁围封草原土壤呼吸通量研究

利用ACE土壤呼吸作用自动测定仪对希拉穆仁草原围封6年的克氏针茅(Stipa krylovii)群落从4月末至10月初每隔10 d进行土壤呼吸作用日动态监测,并结合土壤温度和水分状况分析其复合相关关系.结果表明,1)生长季内土壤呼吸日动态均呈单峰曲线,最高值出现在中午12:00-14:00,夜间土壤呼吸速率很低,最低值...     

印度芥菜BjJ10-2基因原核表达载体构建及抗盐功能的鉴定

利用RT-PCR技术克隆了印度芥菜核糖体相关膜蛋白RAMP4家族成员BjJ10-2基因的开放读码框,成功构建了pET32a-BjJ10-2原核表达栽体,通过热激法将其转化到原核表达菌株BL21(DE3)plysS中,得到重组大肠杆菌BL21(pET32a-BjJ10-2).SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳检测到在IPTG诱导下...     

滩地人工杨树林土壤呼吸变化规律与环境因子的关系研究

为揭示滩地人工杨树林土壤呼吸特征及其与环境因子的关系,采用红外气体分析（IRGA）法对滩地人工杨树林土壤CO2释放量进行测定,分析温度、水分、林下植被结构等因素对林地土壤呼吸日变化动态的影响。结果表明：滩地人工杨树林生态系统土壤呼吸日动态变化呈单峰曲线,在11：00-13：00达到最大值。土壤呼吸速率大小的排列顺序为：2006年6月〉2005年10月〉2006年3月〉2006年10月。日均土壤呼吸速率为2.29±0.75μmol/（m2.s）（P〈0.05,n=13）,变异系数为54.40%。土壤呼吸对地表温度的敏感性大于对地下5cm处温度的敏感性。土壤呼吸温度敏感性指标Q10值为1.28±0.79（P〈0.05,n=13）,低于不包括湿地在内的全球尺度水平。土壤水分与土壤呼吸相关性差,不是滩地林地土壤CO2释放量的限制因子。林下植被亦是影响土壤呼吸速率的一个重要因素。