三氯杀螨醇对中华蟾蜍成体外周血红细胞的影响

用5种不同剂量的三氯杀螨醇(d icofo l,DCF)分别对48只中华蟾蜍(B uf o g arg arizans)成体进行体腔注射法染毒1~4次,观察并统计中华蟾蜍成体外周血红细胞产生微核、核异常及细胞异常的细胞数。结果表明,注射DCF后所有剂量组均能引起中华蟾蜍红细胞微核细胞率显著升高;除5,10 m g/kg剂量组在第1次注射后较对照组低外,其他注射剂量和次数均引起核异常细胞率升高,DCF对细胞膜与细胞质的影响小于其对细胞核的影响,在4次注射中以第2次注射后对红细胞的毒性效应最大。说明DCF是一种强诱变剂,对中华蟾蜍成体外周血红细胞具有较强的遗传毒性。     

2种鉴定泥鳅多倍体方法的比较

以湖北省武汉市、沙市、恩施、枝江4个地理种群的天然泥鳅各30尾为材料,采用计数染色体和测量红细胞大小2种方法,鉴定了4个地理种群泥鳅的倍性。染色体计数采用体内注射PHA短期培养法,经鉴定,武汉和沙市地理种群的泥鳅为四倍体,恩施和枝江地理种群的泥鳅为二倍体。红细胞测量采用常规血涂片法,用显微测微尺测量每尾鱼100个红细胞的大小,分析和比较了二倍体和四倍体泥鳅红细胞及其核的长径、短径、面积和体积。经统计分析表明,四倍体泥鳅的红细胞和红细胞核极显著地大于二倍体泥鳅,其中红细胞核体积鉴定二倍体和四倍体泥鳅的准确率达到90.6%以上。通过对这2种鉴定泥鳅多倍体方法的比较,发现均能得到较高的准确率,其中红细胞核大小测量法较为简便,可操作性强,表明红细胞核的大小可作为大规模鉴定天然泥鳅倍性的一个较好指标。     

马红细胞免疫功能的研究

应用红细胞C_3b受体花环实验和红细胞免疫复合物花环实验,对马红细胞免疫功能进行了初步研究。发现了马红细胞可形成细胞C_3b受体花环及免疫复合物花环,说明马红细胞也具有C_3b受体(CR_1),并可借助CR_1进行免疫粘连(IA)在生理和病理条件下发挥重要的免疫机能,即红细胞免疫系统学说(RCIS)对其仍适用。文中还探讨了RCIS的生物学意义,并提出:比较分析C_3bRR及ICR实验结果,可了解到CR_1的生物化学状态。     

达氟沙星对史氏鲟红细胞抗氧化功能及微核形成的影响

2004年5月至7月间，用20 mg·kg^-1、50 mg·kg^-1和100 mg·kg^-1剂量对史氏鲟经口灌服达氟沙星20 d，分别于第5、10、15 和20天定红细胞SOD、CAT、Na⁺、K⁺ATP酶、GST、GSHPX等抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛（MDA）含量，以评价达氟沙星对史氏鲟抗氧化防御功能的影响，同时进行红细胞微核率和总核异常率的测定。结果表明实验第5天各实验组红细胞SOD活性均显著高于对照组；各实验组红细胞中CAT的活性明显高于对照组；红细胞Na⁺、K⁺ATP酶活性没有明显的改变。实验第20天时100 mg·kg^-1剂量组GSHPX活性明显高于对照组及其他剂量组（P<0.05）；GST活性及MDA含量没有明显的影响。达氟沙星在实验剂量内对史氏鲟红细胞核微核率没有明显的影响，但核异常率呈明显升高。     

The hematology of diploid and triploid transgenic Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

This study examined the erythrocyte height/length, hematocrit, total blood hemoglobin concentration and mean cellular hemoglobin content of diploid and triploid transgenic and non-transgenic Atlantic salmon, to clarify the interaction between metabolic rate and hematology in these fish. Triploid erythrocytes were significantly longer and proportionately thinner than diploid erythrocytes for both genotypes. These morphological differences gave triploid erythrocytes an elliptical appearance with the width being ∼53% of the length, whereas diploid erythrocytes tended to be more rounded with the width being ∼62% of the length. As well, diploid and triploid transgenic erythrocytes were significantly shorter and thinner (P<0.0001) than their non-transgenic counterparts. Although not significant, observations using a Channelized Coulter Counter showed that transgenic erythrocytes tended to be higher in count and smaller in volume than non-transgenic erythrocytes of the same ploidy. Transgenics likely produce erythrocytes with higher surface area to volume ratio in response to their elevated metabolic rates. No other major hematological differences were observed between transgenics and non-transgenics of the same ploidy. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

互助县杂种黄牛红细胞钾型的研究

根据青海省互助县４０头杂种黄牛的红细胞钾（ＥＫ）浓度分别为高钾（ＨＫ）和低钾（ＬＫ）两种表型，其中ＬＫ型占３５头（８７．５％）为优势表型。ＬＫ型杂种黄牛的ＥＫ浓度为８．９～３０．１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＨＫ型的为４５．８～７５．３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，等位基因频率Ｋ＾ｈ＝０．３５３６，Ｋ＾Ｌ＝０．６４６４。     

Bovine Erythrocyte Haemolysates Enhance Plasminogen Activation by Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator

Yamada, M., Horiuchi, T., Oribe, T., Yamamoto, S., Sugie, I. and Gentry, P.A., 1997. Bovine erythrocyte haemolysates enhance plasminogen activation by tissue-type plasminogen activator. Veterinary Research Communications, 21 (2), 75-84An active fraction that accelerates plasminogen activation by tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) was purified from a haemolysate of bovine erythrocytes. When the haemolysate was mixed with t-PA, it produced a 2- to 3-fold increase in plasminogen activation as measured by an insoluble fibrinolytic assay system and a soluble amidolytic assay system with the chromogenic substrate S-2251. Zymographic analysis showed that, while the haemolysate increased t-PA activity, it did not alter the electrophoretic characteristics of the t-PA nor did it induce any fibrinolysis in the absence of t-PA or plasminogen. The haemolysate was devoid of plasmin and plasminogen activator activity but was most effective in accelerating plasminogen activation by t-PA in the presence of substrate. Based on the purification characteristics of the active fraction in the haemolysate, it appears to have a molecular weight of less than 10 kDa.     

The Molecular Mechanism in the Damage of Erythrocyte Membrane of the Cows with Hemoglobinuria

1　Introduction　　 Hypophosphorus in cows is very common in the world.Sixty percent samples of pas-turage have the low content of phosphorus(<0 .1 5% ) in Ireland and40 % soil in some district of the Soviet Union in normal dissection.The phenomenon of hypopohosphatemia,hemolysis and hemoglobinuria resulted from low- phosphorous of circumstance(<0 .1 0 % inpasturage,rough 0 .50︼g/ g soil for utilize in pasture field) and microthermal climate (Jan-uary to March) in the west part of Heilongji…