Removal Efficiency and Effect on Water Quality of Zeolite Enhanced Filtration

A new kind of filter media, zeolite, is used to enhance filtration for an improvement on tap water quality. The experimental results show that zeolite can remove not only turbidity but also ammonia-N and partial organic pollutants in water. In the experments, zeolite can remove about 65% of turbidity and over 10% of COD Mn , 95% of ammonia-N from water, the removal efficiencies of anianon detergent(LAS), chloroform and phenol are over 17.7%, 44.45% and 34% respectively, and metal ion contamination has not been found in filter effluence. Therefore, zeolite enhanced filtration is an efficiency and security method for an improvement on water quality.     

混凝-活性炭吸附工艺去除水中甲氰菊酯农药

通过对含甲氰菊酯农药的模拟水样进行混凝活性炭吸附处理,分别考察了混凝剂种类、投加量、pH等因素对混凝效果的影响以及木质粉末活性炭投加量、吸附时间、pH等因素对吸附效果的影响。结果表明,对水样作常规混凝处理时,氯化铁的处理效果优于其他混凝剂,当氯化铁的投加量为20 mg/L,pH为8时,甲氰菊酯去除率可达59.4 %。对水样做活性炭吸附处理时,适宜pH范围为6~9,木质粉末活性炭最佳投加量为40 mg/L,最佳吸附时间为70 min,在最优吸附条件下,甲氰菊酯去除率可达81.6 %。在最优混凝吸附条件下,氯化铁混凝协同木质粉末活性炭吸附去除甲氰菊酯的去除率均大于90%,对水中甲氰菊酯去除效果较好。     

Novel contrast agent Visphere™ is feasible for contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography in dogs

Contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography provides a more functional diagnostic image than conventional ultrasonography. This prospective exploratory study compared the novel contrast agent, Visphere^?, with commercial contrast agents in five healthy Beagle dogs. Visphere^? has the smallest diameter and highest concentration compared with Sonazoid^® and SonoVue^®. Each dog received an intravenous injection of Visphere^?, Sonazoid^®, or SonoVue^®. Images were recorded for 300, 600, and 60 s in the heart, liver, and left kidney, respectively. The mean pixel values of the regions of interest for each organ were expressed as time intensity curves (TIC). The agents all improved the visualization of left ventricular endocardial border delineation in the heart, and had similar TICs and clinical useful durations. In contrast, Visphere^? expressed the highest mean pixel value in the liver parenchyma at an early observation time and maintained the intensity until 600 s, like Sonazoid^®. The renal evaluation results indicated there were no statistically significant differences in time‐to‐peak for the renal cortex or medulla among the agents. Compared with the other two agents, SonoVue^® had the lowest peak enhancement for the renal cortex and medulla. No dogs had any adverse reactions during or after the study. All three agents provided adequate results for left ventricular endocardial border delineation, and Visphere^? may have the same potential as Sonazoid^® to detect and characterize hepatic lesions. Visphere^? and Sonazoid^® may offer better visualization quality to evaluate renal function. In conclusion, the novel contrast agent, Visphere^?, is comparable with commercial agents and could be applied in different major organs in dogs.     

用HI试验检测鸡血清和卵黄中鸡毒霉形体抗体的研究

用超声波裂解的鸡毒霉形体（ＭＧ）Ｓ６菌液作抗原建立了检测鸡血清和卵黄中ＭＧ抗体的血凝抑制（ＨＩ）试验，ＨＩ试验的敏感性比血清平板凝集（ＳＰＡ）试验提高了２～３２倍。ＨＩ试验可检出卵黄中ＳＰＡ试验不足以检出的ＭＧ抗体。以ＳＰＦ鸡血清、卵黄抗体、鸡滑液囊霉形体（ＭＳ）阳性血清作对照，证明无假阳性反应及交叉反应     

兔病毒性出血症弥漫性血管内凝血动态研究

对兔出血症的凝血象和组织病理学变化进行了动态研究。结果表明：兔出血症伴有弥漫性血管内凝血（ＤＩＣ）病理过程，并呈动态发展规律。凝血象检测发现：感染后６ｈ凝血酶原时间（ＰＴ）、白陶土部分凝血活酶时间（ＫＰＴＴ）缩短或正常，为高凝期，该期短，很快进入低凝期。感染后１８ｈＰＴ、ＫＰＴＴ显著延长，死前更明显。血小板数（ＰＣ）呈渐进性降低，纤维蛋白（原）降解产物（ＦＤＰ）在感染后６ｈ显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０１），感染后１８ｈ达高峰值。组织病理学观察表明：肺的病变严重而且有规律，感染后１２ｈ肺的微血栓检出率最高，同时在心、肝、肾、脑等器官也见微血栓。感染后２４ｈ或死兔的肺出血严重，血栓少见，表现为纤溶亢进的特征性变化。此外，患出血症的兔血管壁早期损伤明显，先于高凝期，可能是ＤＩＣ的启动因素之一。     

强化混凝工艺及对去除有机污染物的影响

生态农业和小城镇建设需要优质饮用水 ,水中有机污染物的去除对保证饮用水质至关重要。文章阐述了强化常规混凝工艺不但可以有效地去除水中的有机物 ,而且是目前最为经济有效的手段 ,并通过试验水厂常用混凝剂在不同混凝条件下的混凝效果加以研究。结果表明 ,增加混凝剂投加量和降低 p H值均能有效的去除有机物 ,其中 p H值的影响效果较大。     

推流式A2O工艺强化脱氮数值模拟研究

为了改善城市污水混进垃圾渗滤液后经常出现的TN含量超标问题,运用数值模拟方法,基于活性污泥模型ASM2d构建推流式A2O工艺数学模型。经过灵敏度分析和参数校正后,模型出水中COD、TN含量、NH4+–N含量模拟值与实测值的相对误差分别为2.1%、2.6%和1.6%。采用单因素试验和多因素正交试验优化混合液回流比、污泥回流比、好氧段溶解氧对出水TN含量的影响,结果表明,当混合液回流比为400%,污泥回流比为100%,好氧段溶解氧控制在3 mg/L时可达到较佳脱氮效果。     

典型白炭黑工业园区废水的混凝沉淀试验研究

针对白炭黑产业园区废水污染成分较复杂的特性,选用氧化钙、氢氧化钙及聚合氯化铝作为混凝药剂,开展了不同加药量(0.1‰、0.2‰、0.4‰、0.6‰、0.8‰、1‰、2‰)的混凝试验,对废水中关键水质指标变化进行了重点分析,藉此全面展现此种废水混凝处理效果并获取最优适用药剂。试验结果表明:三种混凝药剂对于白炭黑废水混凝处理效果差异较大;总体上,混凝工艺对溶液COD、SO₄^2-处理效果较差,而对于表观浊度、活性硅、悬浮物SS及总磷TP有较好的去除效果;针对活性硅、SS及TP三项指标综合考量,可选取氢氧化钙为混凝药剂,药剂添加量为1‰,此条件下混凝试验后,活性硅、SS及TP的浓度分别为:10mg/L、30mg/L及0.12mg/L;氢氧化钙添加后将对溶液的pH产生影响,反应后需增加酸碱回调工序。此研究结果对于白炭黑废水混凝处理,尤其是活性硅的去除具有较好的生产实践指导意义。