结蜡对振动管式密度计测量精度的影响

叙述了振动管式密度计的工作原理，分析了在高含蜡原油在线交接计量过程中，结蜡对振动管式密度计测量精度的影响因素。根据实践经验，提出了通过控制油温、增加清蜡次数及差量补偿的可减小其影响。     

截干封蜡技术在造林中的应用

通过对比试验表明，截干封蜡技术可以使造林成活率提高14个百分点。截干封蜡技术是提高造林成活率的有效措施之一。     

Putrescine and carnauba wax pretreatments alleviate chilling injury,enhance shelf life and preserve pomegranate fruit quality during cold storage

Keeping in mind to reduce chilling injury and retain quality; pomegranate (Punica granatum L., cv. Mridula) fruits were treated with putrescine, carnauba wax and putrescine + carnauba wax prior to cold storage at 2 °C. Before analyzing physical, physiological and biochemical parameters fruits were subjected to post cold storage exposure at 20 °C for 3 days. Untreated fruits developed rapidly chilling injury, with main symptoms being brown discolouration of the skin, surface pitting, weight and firmness loss during storage. All these undesirable changes were significantly delayed by putrescine + carnauba wax application. Respiration and ethylene evolution rate were also brought down by combined application of putrescine and carnauba wax treatment. The superiority of combine treatment over other applications seems arises due to additive benefit of antisenescence and barrier properties of putrescine and carnauba wax, respectively.     

长泰县黑珍珠莲雾种植管理技术要点

介绍了长泰县发展莲雾种植的优势,总结了黑珍珠莲雾的栽培种植管理技术要点,包括莲雾育苗、种植方法、树冠整形修剪、水肥管理、疏花疏果、产期调节、病虫害防治、采收销售等。     

万周输油管道结蜡分析及清防蜡措施

介绍了万周输油管道的主要输油参数有原油物性，针对万周输油管道结蜡的情况，对结蜡原因及蜡晶分布规律进行了分析和研究。采用实际运行数据对结蜡厚度进行了理论计算。通过分析该管道热洗清蜡的效果，提出了对此类管道清防蜡的具体措施。     

三倍体毛白杨封顶蘸根扦插技术研究

本文主要讨论了石蜡封顶、激素(NAA、BA等)“蘸根”抑上促下技术对三倍体毛白杨扦插成活率、生根及生长特性的影响。研究表明：石蜡封顶可明显提高三倍体扦插成活率及扦插苗质量，处理较对照扦插成活率提高了29．4％，苗高提高了18．4％，胸径提高了17．4％。生长索可促进皮部生根，但对愈伤组织生根作用不明显。生长素中低比例的细胞分裂素可明显促进愈伤组织根的形成，含量高则起反作用。本文通过流水浸条、石蜡封顶、激素(NAA BA(2：1)(浓度250～750mg／kg))蘸根相结合的措施，将三倍体扦插成活率提高到65．4％的平均水平，最高达82．3％。     

Sorption in reconstituted waxes of homologous series of alcohol ethoxylates and n-alkyl esters and their effects on the mobility of 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid

Equilibrium sorption of n-alkyl esters (dimethyl suberate, diethyl suberate, diethyl sebacate, dibutyl suberate and dibutyl sebacate) and monodisperse alcohol ethoxylates (diethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, pentaethylene glycol, hexaethylene glycol and octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether) between the reconstituted cuticular waxes of Stephanotis floribunda Brongn (Madagascar jasmine) or Hordeum vulgare L (barley) leaves and an external aqueous receptor solution was determined. Logarithms of the wax/receptor partition coefficient (K(wax/rec)) of the n-alkyl esters increased linearly with the number of C-atoms. With alcohol ethoxylates, log K(wax/rec) decreased linearly with the number of ethylene oxide units. For both groups of compounds, K(wax/rec) increased with increasing lipophilicity. The values of K(wax/rec) in Stephanotis wax were between 5 and 16 times higher than in barley wax. It is argued that this difference was due to different chemical composition and crystallinity of the waxes. Mobility of [14C]2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid (2,4-DB) in reconstituted Stephanotis and barley wax was increased by a factor of 2-8 by both n-alkyl esters and alcohol ethoxylates. Effects on the mobility of 2,4-DB were linearly related to the internal concentrations of n-alkyl esters and alcohol ethoxylates in reconstituted Stephanotis or barley wax. At the same internal concentrations the effect of n-alkyl esters on the mobility of 2,4-DB in wax exceeded that of alcohol ethoxylates by between 1 and 2 orders of magnitude. Results are discussed in relation to formulating systemic pesticides.     

石蜡处理插穗提高毛白杨扦插成活与生长的研究

1995～1997年用生产上极易操作的石蜡处理插穗上端1/3的方法,使5.8 hm2毛白杨扦插成活率,较仅浸水而不封蜡的对照提高28.9,地茎、高、鲜重和干重生物量分别提高36.1,76.8,98.6和89.5.处理插穗平均生根15.3条,对照7.9条     

三种豆科绿肥作物茎和叶角质层蜡质化学组成分析

植物角质层蜡质是一类覆盖于植物表层的疏水有机化合物,在保护植物免受生物与非生物逆境胁迫中发挥着重要作用。为了更好地了解和认识角质层蜡质在夏季绿肥作物抗逆性中的作用,选择柽麻(Crotalariajuncea)、田菁(Sesbania cannabina)和竹豆(Phaseolus calcaratus) 3种夏季豆科绿肥作物,鉴定茎和叶蜡质组分,并分析蜡质总量、各组分含量及碳链分布特征。共鉴定出8类化合物,包括脂肪酸、初级醇、醛、烷烃、烷基酯、二醇、萜类和固醇类化合物,其中前4种以同系物形式存在且为所有植物茎和叶共有成分(柽麻茎中未检出脂肪酸),说明烷合成和醇合成途径是主要的2种蜡质合成途径。田菁茎中鉴定出二醇化合物,其结构初步解析为1,18-30烷醇和1,16-30烷醇。3种绿肥作物茎和叶蜡质总量存在显著种间及部位差异,其中柽麻茎蜡质总含量为16.33μgcm^-2,显著高于田菁茎(6.45μg cm^-2)和竹豆茎(0.72μg cm^-2)。就茎和叶比较,柽麻茎显著高于叶片,其他2种植物茎和叶之间无显著差异。柽麻茎蜡质中,烷烃为优势成分,占蜡质总量的57.38%;叶片以初级醇为优势成分,占蜡质总量的50.12%。田菁茎、叶蜡质中的优势成分均为初级醇,分别占总蜡质的30.12%和71.21%。竹豆茎、叶蜡质中的优势成分均为烷烃,分别占总蜡质的40.79%和39.27%。各组分优势化合物的碳链长度在不同物种、不同部位也存在一定差异,说明参与蜡质合成的基因在物种、器官间有所不同。这些结果为今后从分子水平上揭示角质层蜡质参与夏季绿肥作物抗逆机制提供了理论基础。     

高温处理对漆蜡皂化值的影响

为给漆蜡的开发利用提供参考,采用真空高温加热方法,研究了6种高温处理对漆蜡皂化值的影响。结果表明:高温处理漆蜡的皂化值存在差异,但不显著;高温140℃,处理时间为4 h时,漆蜡的皂化值最小,为162.59 mg/g;高温130℃,处理时间为3 h的条件下,漆蜡皂化值最大,为218.00 mg/g;其它几组高温处理下的漆蜡的皂化值均在162.59~218.00 mg/g之间;高温140℃处理漆蜡的皂化值整体相对于其它几组较小,变化范围为162.59~194.18 mg/g,但是整体波动较大,最大与最小值的差值为31.59 mg/g;高温150℃处理时,漆蜡皂化值相对于100、110、120和130℃较小,整体波动较小,变化范围为185.39~197.27 mg/g,最大与最小值的差值为11.88 mg/g。