南阳市农村居民消费需求不足现状研究

为探讨南阳市农村居民消费需求不足的现状,采用文献回顾与前瞻性分析及逻辑推理相结合的方法,分析南阳市农村居民消费需求不足的现状,以期为扩大农村居民消费需求提供依据。结果显示,南阳市农村居民消费总量不断扩大,但整体消费水平不高;南阳市农村居民的恩格尔系数逐年下降,但和城镇相比差距仍然较大;南阳市农村居民消费结构有待优化,需求收入弹性较大的消费品比重不高。     

北京市婴幼儿奶粉市场调研

国产奶粉的质量问题引起社会和公众极大关注,国际著名品牌奶粉成为众多奶粉消费者的首选,如何重整消费者对国产奶粉的信心,成为乳品企业和政府有关部门研究的重点。通过问卷调查,研究北京市婴幼儿奶粉的购买和消费情况,以及消费者对婴幼儿奶粉质量关注度和购买影响因素;运用SPSS统计软件,分析国际品牌与国内品牌奶粉的质量差异,表明国内外品牌奶粉在营养成分上并无显著性差异,对此提出提升消费者信心的相关建议:加强质量监控;注重国产奶粉的品牌建设;提高产品差异化,进行市场细分。     

生产性和消费性服务业在都市农业发展中的作用

都市农业因技术先进、产品优质、功能多样,不仅要农户、农业企业和政府参与,还需要有生产性服务业作为中间投入积极介入,同时,也要大力发展消费性服务业来促进都市农业发展。本文作者分析了生产性服务业和消费性服务业在都市农业发展中的作用,并从加强环境建设,扩大公共投入,加强培训农民和强化文化建设等方面提出相关意见和建议。     

中国奶类消费现状分析

乳品中富含人体所需的各种必需氨基酸、矿物质及微量元素,被人们誉为"白色血液"。奶业的稳定健康发展,对改善国人的膳食结构,提高其身体素质具有不可替代的作用。目前中国乳品消费市场还不完善,人均乳品消费量还很少,与奶业发达国家的差距还很大;城镇、农村乳品消费市场极不均衡。笔者重点分析中国乳品消费现状,剖析中国乳品消费过程中存在的问题,并提出相应的解决对策。     

Movement and behaviour of large southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) in the Australian region determined using pop‐up satellite archival tags

Pop‐up satellite archival tags (PSATs) were deployed on 52 large (156–200 cm length to caudal fork) southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) in the western Tasman Sea during the austral winters of 2001–2005. Southern bluefin tuna (SBT) were resident in the Tasman Sea for up to 6 months with movements away from the tagging area occurring at highly variable rates. The data indicated a general tendency for SBT to move south from the tagging area in the Western Tasman Sea. Four individuals migrated west along the southern continental margin of Australia and into the Indian Ocean. Three individuals moved east into the central Tasman Sea, with one individual reaching New Zealand. We also describe the first observed migration of an SBT from the Tasman Sea to the Indian Ocean spawning grounds south of Indonesia. Individuals spent most of their time relatively close to the Australian coast, with an estimated 84% of time spent in the Australian Fishing Zone. SBT favored temperatures between 19 and 21°C, adjusting their depth to the vertical temperature distribution. Distinct diurnal diving patterns were observed and adjustment of depth to maintain constant ambient light levels over a 24‐h period. The findings of this study are a significant advance toward greater understanding of the spatial dynamics of large SBT and understanding the connectivity between distant regions of their distribution.     

Similarities and differences in meat consumption patterns in Asia and Pacific-Rim countries

This study investigated consumer behavior towards meat across Asia and Pacific-Rim countries. Mail surveys were undertaken in 1994 and 1995. Data was obtained from 6197 households in Japan, the USA (mainland and Japanese–Americans in Hawaii), Australia, Thailand, Korea, Taiwan and China. The data were mainly analyzed using cluster analysis to determine the distance between each country and to classify countries into groups. Japanese respondents purchased beef more frequently than respondents from other countries. The average amount purchased on each occasion was far more for Australian respondents than for respondents from other countries, while Japanese purchased far less. Respondents in Japan, Korea, China and Australia thought beef was the most expensive meat, whereas lamb was thought to be the most expensive in the remaining countries. Chinese respondents indicated the highest consciousness of price indexes. The level of uneasiness about eating meat indicated by Asian respondents was relatively strong compared with respondents in Hawaii, the USA and Australia. Average ratings (semantic differential scale) on plans for future meat consumption were higher for beef than for other meats in Korea and China, whereas chicken was rated higher in the other countries. From the dendrogram, surveyed countries were classified into three groups: Japan, Taiwan and Korea; Thailand and China; and the USA, Japanese–Americans and Australia. Among them, the first and second clusters merged into a larger cluster, the 'Asian' group.     

Sucrose avoidance by American robins (Turdus migratorius): Implications for control of bird damage in fruit crops

Altering the relative sugar content in fruit is a potential alternative to chemical, aural and visual repellents to control bird damage to cultivated fruit crops. Some frugivorous birds, such as the American robin (Turdus migratorius), lack the digestive enzyme sucrase, and therefore cannot digest sucrose. It was predicted that robins would avoid consumption of foods that contain sucrose. When offered sweetened agar cubes that contained glucose, fructose, sucrose, or a hexose mixture, total consumption was significantly lower and faecal sugar concentration higher in the sucrose tests. In tests involving two sugars, mean total consumption was reduced when sucrose was eaten. Development of high-sucrose fruits warrants further investigation as a means to mitigate bird damage to certain fruit crops.     

广东省消费者对食用农产品标识的认知及支付意愿

农产品标识是传播农产品信息的有效途径,能够消除农产品信息不对称现象。广东省于2009年率先在我国颁布实施了农产品标识市场准入制度,因而其消费者具有较好的认知基础。通过对广州、湛江、东莞和惠州4市消费者进行实地调研,运用二元Logistic回归模型,重点研究消费者对农产品标识的认识水平以及影响其支付意愿的主要因素。研究结果表明:消费者对加贴标识农产品的认知水平和支付意愿具有正相关性,即认识水平低,支付意愿也低;另外,年龄、收入、文化程度、支付能力和农产品价格也是影响消费者支付意愿的重要因素;其中,农产品价格与支付意愿负相关,其他影响因素与支付意愿正相关。     

个体特质、组织理性与新闻从业人员的选题偏好

新闻从业人员的选题偏好既可能受到个人特质的主动性影响，又有可能受到组织的影响。我国媒体具有意识形态的宣传组织以及产业属性的市场组织双重性质，这种双重属性使得媒体从业人员有着不同的目标诉求，遵循不同的行动逻辑。通过对70名新闻从业人员的实证调研，验证了在突发事件的报道中，不同媒体从业人员存在差异性新闻选择偏好，并认为这些差异性新闻选择偏好是由于遵循组织理性行动逻辑的结果，而与个人特质没有统计性相关。