与苹果果皮红色性状相关的RAPD分子标记的筛选

用355条10bp随机引物来筛选与苹果果实红色性状连锁的分子标记。通过分离群体分组分析,在果实红色与非红色2个对比基因池间进行了扩增筛选,初步选出49个多态性引物,进一步对这些多态性引物进行群体上的分析发现S519可以扩增出大约1000bp左右的一条与红色性状相关的DNA特异带。对本研究的73个来自3个不同杂交组合的F1后代个体分析表明,该标记判断果实红色性状的符合率为76.7%。鉴于获得的多态性标记对果皮颜色预测的准确率不高的现状,我们采用了双标记组合分析方案,即用S5191000分别与以往获得的3个与果色性状相关的标记(S12891200、S12351000和S21071200)配对组合进行判断,从而使得标记对目标性状预测的正确性大为提高。另外,对总共获得的4个RAPD标记在9个栽培品种上进行了分析,大多数品种的表现与理论一致。     

金针菇单核出菇与子实体颜色

利用原生质体单核化技术从8个金针菇栽培菌株中获得13种不同的黄色单核体菌株和3种白色单核体菌株;单核体出菇实验结果表明,5种黄色单核体和2种白色单核体可以形成单核子实体,其中,黄色单核子实体间在菌柄、菌盖颜色方面差异较大,而且部分单核子实体本身的菌盖和菌柄的颜色也具有明显的差异,说明控制子实体黄颜色的因子存在复等位因子。     

月季功能基因研究与应用进展

月季是花中皇后.为了充分利用月季优良农艺性状的相关基因来培育具有新奇花色、浓郁芳香、瓶插期长、抗逆性强的新品种,对月季功能基因研究方法、花色代谢相关基因、花香相关基因、乙烯信号传导相关基因、抗根癌病和白粉病基因的研究进展加以综述;对月季转基因育种发展前景做了评价.     

马铃薯花色苷研究进展

综述了马铃薯花色苷的分布、种类、结构、提取纯化方法、生理功能和应用等方面的研究进展,并介绍了块茎在发育和储藏期间花色苷的变化及光、温等外界因素对马铃薯块茎颜色的影响.     

Genetic Analysis of Fruit Body Color in a Hybrid Strain of Flammulina velutipes

A series of hybrid Flammulina velutipes dikaryons were obtained by crossing yellow and white monokaryons.The color of fruit bodies generated from these dikaryons,and the ratio between dark-colored stipe regions and the entire stipe of individual fruit bodies,were determined.Our data suggest that the expression of fruit body color in the hybrid dikaryons was under the control of factors present in both the white and yellow parent monokaryons,and that multiple alleles exist in both white and yellow color-controlling factors.     

The spore coat of the bean anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is required for adhesion, appressorium development and pathogenicity

The spores (conidia) of the bean anthracnose fungal pathogen, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, adhere to the aerial parts of plants to initiate the infection process. In previous studies we have shown that the Colletotrichum spores are surrounded by a fibrillar spore coat, comprising several major glycoproteins. Previous evidence showed that a monoclonal antibody (UB20) that recognised these glycoproteins was able to inhibit adhesion of spores to a hydrophobic surface. In this paper we have further studied the role of the spore coat in adhesion, germination and fungal development by studying the effects of UB20 and protease treatment of spores. The latter treatment has previously been shown to remove the spore coat. Spores germinate on glass, polystyrene and water agar, however, appressoria only develop on glass or polystyrene, showing a requirement for a hard surface. Removal of the spore coat with protease inhibits adhesion at 30 min, before the secretion of ECM glycoproteins. Protease treatment also inhibits the development of appressoria and reduces pathogenicity on leaves. Incubation of spores with the MAb UB20 inhibits adhesion at 30 min, but does not affect appressorium formation or pathogenicity. The results suggest that an intact spore coat has two functions; it is required for adhesion to a hydrophobic surface and for the detection of a hard surface necessary for appressorium formation. We suggest that contact with a hard surface, rather than adhesion, is the key event leading to appressorium formation.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Amaranthus leaf mottle virus</Emphasis>: 3′-end RNA sequence proves classification as distinct virus and reveals affinities within the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Potyvirus</Emphasis>

Amaranthus leaf mottle virus (AmLMV) was classified as a member of the genus Potyvirus on the basis of its particle morphology, serology, and biological properties (Casetta et al., 1986). Based on these properties, an Amaranthus viridis-infecting virus isolated in Spain, causing mottle and leaf blistering as well as reduced growth has been identified as AmLMV. The 3′ terminal genomic region of this and a reference isolate from Italy has been sequenced and reveals a 95% nucleotide identity between the two isolates. The sequenced part comprises the coat protein with 281 amino acids and 315 nucleotides of the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) preceding a polyadenylated tail. Pairwise comparisons and phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the CP and 3′ UTR of the cloned cDNAs with those of other potyviruses shows that AmLMV is a distinct potyvirus closely related to Potato virus Y.     

不同颜色防虫网覆盖栽培对豇豆生长发育的影响

研究了不同颜色（白色、黑色、红色、蓝色、绿色、银灰色）防虫网覆盖对栽培豇豆生长发育的影响。从豇豆的生育期、株高、茎粗、叶面积及叶绿素含量指数、产量和病虫害等方面综合考虑,在三亚地区绿色防虫网是较适合豇豆栽培的覆盖材料。     

辣椒上烟草轻型绿花叶病毒的鉴定

 辣椒源自南美洲，属于茄科辣椒属（Capsicum L.），为重要经济作物。病毒病是影响辣椒生产的主要病害，侵染辣椒的病毒有40余种［1］，烟草轻型绿花叶病毒（Tobacco mild green mosaic virus, TMGMV）是近年来在辣椒上发生和危害报道较多的病毒之一。TMGMV是McKinney［2］于1935年在烟草属植物（Nicotiana gluanca）上首次发现的，为烟草花叶病毒属（Tobamovirus）成员。除辣椒外，番茄［3］、凤仙花、蓝眼菊和矮牵牛也是TMGMV的自然寄主。