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通过对平菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)玉米芯培养料进行发酵处理,监测玉米芯发酵料的堆温和pH值变化,对不同发酵阶段进行微生物区系分析并测定了发酵过程中脱氢酶和碱性磷酸酶的变化。结果表明,在玉米芯培养料的发酵过程中,堆温先升高后降低,而pH值先降低后升高。微生物主要以细菌和放线菌为主,真菌数量很少。随着发酵的进行,细菌和放线菌数量,脱氢酶以及碱性磷酸酶的活性呈逐渐上升趋势。 相似文献
63.
Soil application of systemic neonicotinoid insecticides for control of psyllid vectors of Huanglongbing disease on young citrus trees also produces season-long SAR control of citrus canker caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri Schaad et al. The neonicotinoids imidacloprid (IMID) and thiamethoxam (THIA) were compared with soil or sprinkler applications of the commercial SAR inducer acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) and foliar sprays of copper hydroxide (CH) and/or streptomycin (STREP) to evaluate their effects on the percentage of canker-infected leaves on 2-yr-old ‘Vernia’ orange and 3-yr-old ‘Ray Ruby’ grapefruit trees in Southeast Florida. All treatments significantly reduced the incidence of foliar canker compared to the untreated check. Soil drenches of ASM and season long rotations with IMID and THIA were highly effective for suppressing foliar canker on young grapefruit and orange trees under weather conditions absent of high intensity rains or tropical storms. Sprinkler application of ASM was less effective than soil drench. The level of control for SAR treatments was comparable to eleven 21-day interval sprays of CH and/or STREP. SAR induced by soil-applied insecticides provides substantial benefits for canker disease management on young citrus trees that may be augmented with ASM. 相似文献
64.
《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(3):39-61
Abstract Seasonal variations in physicochemical and textural properties of minced cod muscle from Icelandic coastal areas were evaluated. Measurements were performed on mince from the white muscle. Compared to the winter and summer values, hardness and cohesiveness, as measured by Instron, showed a drop in March to May and another drop was observed for cohesiveness during the autumn months. Expressible moisture changed slightly from March to August whereas results from the winter months indicate greater fluctuations. A minimum was observed for protein solubility in March and July. The surface hydrophobicity of proteins, increased gradually from November to May followed by a sudden drop, then a gradual increase again. 相似文献
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The effects of crop residues alone (Cr+) or combined with inorganic fertilizer (FCr+) sewage sludge (SS) and humentos (H) on soil properties were studied in a five-season wheat–guar rotation. Incorporation of Cr+ and SS significantly decreased pH by 5–9%. Highest organic carbon (OC) was observed in SS plots, whereas Cr+ resulted in values threefold that of the control. The added effect of Cr+ (46%) combined with fertilizer on total nitrogen (TN) was greater than Cr+ by 28%. The fraction of total residue N mineralized was 71%, whereas net N mineralized in Cr+, SS, H and FCr+ plots at 0–20 and 20–40 cm depths were 39.8, 52.3, 11.4, 66.7 mg kg?1 and 21.2, 27.9, 8.2, 41.2 mg kg?1, respectively. Integrated application of Cr+ with fertilizer had a synergistic effect on P content (3.49–3.69 units), but soil levels has never exceeded 13 mg P kg ?1. Sole Cr+ significantly increased topsoil cation-exchange capacity (CEC) compared with the control treatment (9.39–21.59%). Application of SS, FCr+ and Cr+ significantly increased water-holding capacity and decreased bulk density by 9–15% and 8–9%, respectively, suggesting that such practice can restore the productivity of degraded soils and improve crop yields. 相似文献
67.
测定了草坪上常用的14种化学药剂对蝼蛄斯氏线、长尾斯氏线虫X-7品系和小卷蛾斯氏线虫All品系存活和侵染率的影响。杀虫剂乙酰甲胺磷在高浓度和推荐浓度下对蝼蛄斯氏线虫、长尾斯氏线虫和小卷蛾斯氏线虫的致死率分别为21%和9.5%,13%和5.5%,5.5%和2%;敌百虫在高浓度和推荐浓度下对蝼蛄斯氏线虫的致死率分别高达94.5%和92.5%,在高浓度下对长尾斯氏线虫的致死率为8%,对小卷蛾斯氏线虫没有明显致死作用;克蛾宝对3种线虫的致死作用均比乙酰甲胺磷和敌百虫低。杀菌剂对3种线虫的存活均无影响。除草剂2,4-D丁酯对3种线虫低浓度和高浓度下致死率分别为2%、6%、3.5%和5%、85.5%、6%。经化学药剂处理24h后的线虫侵染黄粉虫9-11龄幼虫,对线虫存活没有影响或者影响较小的化学药剂对线虫的侵染率都没有明显的影响,但剂型为10%可湿性粉剂的吡虫啉对长尾斯氏线虫,以及高浓度的2,4-D丁酯对小卷蛾斯氏线虫的侵染率有明显抑制作用。 相似文献
68.
通过对红桔油、柠檬叶油、红河橙油、山苍子油、留兰香油、松节油、黄樟油、互叶白千层油、蓝桉叶油9种植物精油,在浓度为40μL/L及熏蒸时间为12、24、36、48、60h下,对长角扁谷盗成虫的熏蒸活性测定,结果表明蓝桉叶油、互叶白千层油、柠檬叶油、留兰香油及红桔油的熏杀效果较好,尤以蓝桉叶油的效果最佳。蓝桉叶油在浓度40μL/L,经12、24、36、48h和60h不同熏蒸时间,对长角扁谷盗的LC50分别为15.29,6.44,6.55,3.32、1.29μL/L;当蓝桉叶油熏蒸浓度为4、8、12μL/L时,其LT50分别为45.48、27.28、17.64h。 相似文献
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