Characterization of the monoclonal antibody specific to the ORF72 protein of koi herpesvirus and cellular distribution analysis of the viral protein

Koi herpesvirus (KHV) is an emerging pathogen of koi and common carp that causes a severe disease and mass mortality of infected fish. The KHV ORF72 protein is an important capsid protein that has been suggested to be a candidate for the development of diagnostic reagents and KHV vaccines. The purpose of this study was to clone and express the KHV ORF72 gene for further preparation of a specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) and to analyse cellular distribution of the viral protein. The mAb 3E1 could specifically recognize the expressed ORF72 protein of transfected cells by indirect immunofluorescence, and the antigenic site recognized by the mAb 3E1 was mapped to the region of N-terminal 124 residues of KHV ORF72. This mAb was further demonstrated to specifically detect the KHV-infected fish tissue by immunohistochemistry, thereby suggesting its high diagnostic potential. In addition, the cellular distribution analysis of the KHV ORF72 protein revealed that the region of amino acid residues 125–247 was related to mitochondrial localization and proliferation. Furthermore, a putative nuclear export signal (NES) of ORF72 at the residues 201–212 was confirmed on the basis of its function associated with NES activity.     

Levamisole and its influence on the immune response of lambs

Ten parasite-free lambs were drenched with 8 mg/kg of levamisole on days 0 and 28 and were injected with human erythrocytes and ovalbumin one day after each drench. Ten other antigen-injected lambs were not drenched with anthelmintic as controls. Lymphocytes from the control and drenched lambs were culturedin vitro with RPMI 1640 plus 5% fetal calf serum (FCS), with 50% autologous serum only, with concanavalin A (Con A) or with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). Decreased blastogenesis was observed in cells from the drenched lambs cultured in the presence or absence of mitogen and was most obvious when 50% autologous serum was used, particularly with PHA, and when lymphocytes were collected 3 and 7 days after the first and 3 days after the second antigen injection. There were no significant changes in antibody titres between the groups. Decreased serum complement activity was seen 3 days after the second antigen injection in the drenched lambs. Although there was a significant reduction in the serum insulin-like growth factor I levels 4 days after each levamisole drench, the drenched lambs gained significantly more weight than the non-drenched control lambs.Abbreviations Con A concanavalin - EIA enzyme immunoassay - FCS fetal calf serum - GH growth hormone - IGF-I insulin growth factor I - PHA phytohaemagglutinin     

中药复方粗提物对IBDV感染细胞能力的影响

将中药方1、方2、和方3的粗提物与鸡传染性法氏囊病毒以三种顺序（先加中药后加病毒、先加病毒后加中药、中药和病毒同时加入）加入到培养24h、已长成完整单层的鸡胚成纤维细胞（CEF）上，观察它们对病毒感染细胞能力的影响。结果表明：在细胞安全浓度范围内，方1、方2和方3的粗提物在先于病毒或与病毒同时加入时均能抑制病毒感染，且与浓度与加药方式有关；以补气、清热凉血、滋阴为主的方3优于以补气、清热凉血为主的方1和以补气为主的方2。     

不同地理株及其杂交株柔嫩艾美耳球虫细胞免疫水平研究

本文首先培育了5个不同虫株柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Emeria tenella):3个不同地理株吉林株[J]、山东株[S]、黑龙江株[H]和2个杂交株F1(山东株×黑龙江株)、F2(F1×吉林株).将300只AA肉鸡鸡雏随机分成6组,每组50只,12日龄时分别用不同株柔嫩艾美耳球虫进行免疫,首免剂量为1 × 104卵囊.24日龄时攻虫,剂量为1×104卵囊.攻虫后10日龄时翼下静脉采血1 mL检测学液中的CD4 ,CD8 的数量,以此判断柔嫩艾美耳球虫的细胞免疫功能,结果证明:杂交株柔嫩艾美耳球虫CD4 ,CD8 的数量远远高于其它组,F2组更高.各组的CD4 ,CD8 的数量依次为F2＞F1＞S＞H＞J. CD4 ,CD8 的数量的比值也不同.即各组的细胞免疫功能不同,从数值上反应出,F2株细胞免疫水平最高,其次是F1,再次是山东株,黑龙江株和吉林株最低.     

疑核对细胞免疫机能调节作用的研究

实验用3～4月龄1.5～2.5kg灰色家兔22只,麻醉后于疑核内插入同心圆电极,在刺激前和刺激后采血检测PHA诱导的淋巴细胞转化率、T细胞百分率,并测定全血葡萄糖浓度;刺激疑核后0.5h,采6例胸腺组织作超微结构观察;刺激疑核后3.5h,采胸腺作石蜡切片ANAE阳性率检测。电极位置均作组织学检查。结果:刺激疑核后T细胞百分率、PHA诱导的淋巴细胞转化率持续升高(P<0.05);胸腺各部位ANAE阳性淋巴细胞百分率升高,胸腺后微静脉内淋巴细胞增多,均与对照组及非刺激对照组相差非常显著(P<0.005);胸腺髓质ANAE阳性淋巴细胞率与外周血液T细胞百分率相关显著;胸腺超微结构示上皮性网状细胞机能活跃,分泌旺盛,皮质处于分裂状态的淋巴细胞增多,髓质淋巴细胞活动能力增强。由此认为,疑核与外周细胞免疫存在机能联系,刺激疑核可引起细胞免疫机能增强。本实验还证明,刺激疑核引起血糖浓度降低,因而除神经途径外,疑核还通过体液途径调节免疫机能。实验结果提示,疑核可能是大脑皮层、下丘脑调节免疫机能的中继核。实验确定了疑核定位坐标是AP_(20～21),L_(1～1.5),H_(20～21)。     

蛋用黄羽鹌鹑血液细胞学和血液生理学参数的研究

利用采自纯系蛋用黄羽鹌鹑健康群体的血样，对黄羽鹌鹑的血液细胞学和主要血液生理学参数进行了研究。结果表明，黄羽鹌鹑的血液细胞形态与鸡和其它禽类相似。黄羽鹤鹑的红细胞数量、凝血细胞数量、血红蛋白含量和血细胞比容均存在性别差异，其中红细胞数量、凝血细胞数量、血红蛋白含量和血细胞比容雄性均显著高于雌性（P〈0．05），凝血细胞数量雌性显著高于雄性（P〈0．01）。凝血细胞长度比红细胞短，其宽度与红细胞差异不显著（P〉0．05）。3周龄和7周龄比较红细胞数量、凝血细胞数量、血红蛋白含量和血细胞比容均无显著差异（P〉0．05），白细胞数量和分类以及各类白细胞的大小在性别和周龄间均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。     

鸡白细胞介素2(IL-2)对鸡免疫功能的影响

为研究鸡IL-2对雏鸡免疫功能的影响，进行了3个方面的试验。①对体液免疫及细胞免疫的影响。结果表明，鸡IL-2能明显提高鸡新城疫疫苗免疫后HI水平、T淋巴细胞增殖反应及ANAE^＋细胞百分数；②对雏鸡腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响。结果表明使用IL-2与否对巨噬细胞的吞噬功能没有明显的影响；⑧人工感染法氏囊病的防治试验。在攻毒前后注射IL-2，均可明显降低发病率和死亡率。本研究结果表明，鸡IL-2可明显提高特异性免疫应答能力，与疫苗共同注射可作为佐剂提高疫苗的免疫原性，对法氏囊等病毒性疾病具有一定的防治作用。     

一种基于多线程的混合深度包检测方法

为了提高网络入侵检测速度和稳定性,提出了一种基于多线程的混合深度包检测方法.该方法首先采用正则表达式的线性系数来对规则集中的正则表达式进行分组,然后对不同正则表达式组采用不同压缩技术进行状态位压缩,生成不同FA （Finite Automata）,最后采用多线程技术对生成的不同FA进行检测.通过实验验证,得出该方法具有较高的压缩和处理性能,同时能有效提高检测的速度和稳定性.