环孢菌素A和苯磺酸氨氯地平对慢性缺氧致大鼠右心室肥厚的作用

目的探讨环孢菌素A（Cs A）和苯磺酸氨氯地平片（Norvasc）对大鼠慢性缺氧所致右心室肥厚的作用。方法48只SD大鼠随机分为慢性缺氧组、Cs A处理组、Norvasc处理组及正常对照组。慢性缺氧组、Cs A处理组、Norvasc处理组大鼠均置于缺氧仓内连续缺氧21 d,缺氧第1天始每天分别用生理盐水和Cs A10 mg/（kg·d）腹腔注射、Norvasc 30 mg/2＋（kg·d）灌胃,共21 d。检测右心室（RV）、左心室（LV）、室间隔（S）和体质量（BW）、Ca N和[Ca]i活性、以及Cn A、-MHC表达水平。结果慢性缺氧组RV/（LV＋S）、RV/BW比值、-MHC表达高于Cs A和Norvasc处理组、正常对照组（P〈0.01）;2＋Norvasc处理组[Ca]i、Ca N活性低于慢性缺氧组（P〈0.01）,而Cs A处理组仅有Ca N活性低于慢性缺氧组（P〈0.01）。结论2＋Cs A和Norvasc可能通过抑制[Ca]i、Ca N活性来防止慢性缺氧致大鼠右心室肥厚。     

Regulation of cardiac function in the horn shark by changes in pericardial fluid volume mediated through the pericardioperitoneal canal

The California horn shark (Heterodontus francisci), instrumented with a pericardial catheter and a ventral-aortic flow probe, was studied to determine the effect of complete pericardial chamber evacuation on the time course for restitution of pericardial fluid-volume and pressure, and the effects of both fluid removal and its restitution on cardiac output. Prior to evacuation, pericardial pressure was –0.02±0.02 kPa, and cardiac output was 18±2 ml min^–1 kg^–1. Evacuation reduced pericardial pressure to –0.73±0.14 kPa, and increased cardiac output to 23±4 ml min^–1 kg^–1. The time course for restoration of post-evacuation pressure is described by a non-linear asymptotic function. A large percentage of the pericardial pressure and volume recovery occurred within the first hour, while, complete restoration of pre-withdrawal conditions required about 11 h. Pericardial pressure-volume relationships, determined by incremental infusion of small volumes of elasmobranch saline into the pericardium, confirm previous findings that the operating pericardial pressure in the horn shark is at or near ambient pressure and that both pericardial fluid volume and cardiac stroke volume influence horn shark pericardial pressure.     

活动平板试验配合心脏放射性核素检查诊断冠心病的价值（附53例报告）

对临床拟诊为冠心病５３例作活动平板试验并配合心核素检查的结果显示：双阳性２６例（４９．１％），平板试验阳性／心核素检查阴性４例（７．５％）；平板试验阴性／心核素检查阳性１４例（２６．４％）；双阴性９例（１７％）。表明双阳性可肯定冠心病的诊断，双阴性可否定诊断。平板试验阴性／心核素检查阳性，应结合临床做出诊断，平板试验阳性／心核素检查阴性为冠心病的危险因素，宜长期随诊。     

Successful Management of Traumatic Right Atrial Rupture

A 2 year old male mixed breed dog presented with clinical signs of acute cardiac tamponade after being hit by a car. Echocardiography confirmed the presence of pericardial effusion. Pericardiocentesis revealed venous blood that clotted normally, suggestive of an acute lesion involving the right side of the heart. An emergency thoracotomy was performed, and a laceration of the right atrium was identified and repaired. Postoperatively, the dog developed traumatic myocarditis that improved with time and medical management. Six months after surgery, the dog was healthy with no adverse effects of the trauma. The importance of early recognition and the necessity for expeditious surgical management of traumatic right atrial rupture in the dog is illustrated in this report.     

RADIOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENT OF CARDIAC SIZE IN NORMAL FERRETS

Right lateral, left lateral and ventrodorsal radiographs were obtained in 20 normal ferrets (11 male). Three independent observers recorded measurements of the cardiac silhouette and results for each parameter were averaged. Long axis (length), short axis (width) and total of length plus width (L+W) were recorded in each view. Comparative measurements were calculated, including the ratio of L+W/length of thoracic vertebrae 5-8, and a modified vertebral heart score (VHS) method, measuring the heart in vertebral units. Measurements made in ventrodorsal views were usually larger than corresponding measurements in lateral views. Weight and most absolute measurements differed significantly between male and female ferret (P<0.05), but the differences in absolute measurements were not apparent when related to measures of body size (Ratio and modified VHS methods). Given the variability in body weight and size in ferrets, measurements of the cardiac silhouette normalized for body size may be more universally applicable than absolute measurements.